A Survey on the Ternary Purely Exponential Diophantine Equation ax+by=cza^x + b^y = c^z

Let $a$, $b$, $c$ be fixed coprime positive integers with $\min\{a,b,c\}>1$. In this survey, we consider some unsolved problems and related works concerning the positive integer solutions $(x,y,z)$ of the ternary purely exponential diophantine equation $a^x + b^y = c^z$

Residential relocation in response to light rail transit investment: case study of the Hudson–Bergen Light Rail system

It is widely acknowledged that the improved accessibility enabled by investment in public transport services can, under favorable market conditions, impact the local real estate market within the zone of influence of the service’s stations. The motivation for this study is to establish the nature of two such impacts, specifically the spatial and socio-economic patterns of residential relocations that are driven by the new light rail transit (LRT) service. Using empirical data (n = 1,023) from the Hudson–Bergen Light Rail system in New Jersey (US), we report findings regarding the impacts of the introduction of the new LRT service. We investigate two linked dimensions; the first is the distinctive socio-economic profile of LRT passengers who self-report having relocated to the new transit corridor due, at least in part, to the new transit service. The second is their proximity (following their residential relocation) to the new LRT line’s stations. We present a novel analysis that accounts for endogeneity between these two dimensions of residential relocation. Of light rail passengers who engaged in a residential relocation in the 5 years prior to the survey, two-thirds (69 %) indicate that proximity to the light rail service was a ‘somewhat’ or ‘very’ important consideration. Via the multivariate analysis, we demonstrate that small household size, low income, youth (as opposed to older age), and low car ownership are each positively linked, ceteris paribus, with having engaged in a residential relocation motivated by the new transit service. Finally, higher household income is found to be associated with distance (after relocation) to the nearest transit station, which is consistent with bid-rent theory

The design of a common lunar lander

The Austin Cynthesis Corporation was formed to respond to a Request for Proposal for the design of a Common Lunar Lander (CLL) capable of carrying lightweight (less than 500 kg), unspecified payload to the moon. This Final Design Report Document includes information on the requirements for the design project; the ideas proposed as solutions to the design problem; the work which has been completed in support of the design effort; justifications, validations, and verifications of decisions made during the project; and suggestions for future work to be done in support of the project. A project schedule, including current status of the items included on the schedule, as well as cost and management summaries is also included

The ecology, biogeography, history and future of two globally important weeds : Cardiospermum halicacabum Linn. and C. grandiflorum Sw.

Members of the balloon vine genus, Cardiospermum, have been extensively moved around the globe as medicinal and horticultural species, two of which are now widespread invasive species; C. grandiflorum and C. halicacabum. A third species, C. corindum, may also have significant invasion potential. However, in some regions the native status of these species is not clear, hampering management. For example, in South Africa it is unknown whether C. halicacabum and C. corindum are native, and this is a major constraint to on-going biological control programmes against invasive C. grandiflorum. We review the geography, biology and ecology of selected members of the genus with an emphasis on the two most widespread invaders, C. halicacabum and C. grandiflorum. Specifically, we use molecular data to reconstruct a phylogeny of the group in order to shed light on the native ranges of C. halicacabum and C. corindum in southern Africa. Phylogenetic analyses indicate that southern African accessions of these species are closely related to South American taxa indicating human-mediated introduction and/or natural long distance dispersal. Then, on a global scale we use species distribution modelling to predict potential suitable climate regions where these species are currently absent. Native range data were used to test the accuracy with which bioclimatic modelling can identify the known invasive ranges of these species. Results show that Cardiospermum species have potential to spread further in already invaded or introduced regions in Australia, Africa and Asia, underlining the importance of resolving taxonomic uncertainties for future management efforts. Bioclimatic modelling predicts Australia to have highly favourable environmental conditions for C. corindum and therefore vigilance against this species should be high. Species distribution modelling showed that native range data over fit predicted suitable ranges, and that factors other than climate influence establishment potential. This review opens the door to better understand the global biogeography of the genus Cardiospermum, with direct implications for management, while also highlighting gaps in current research

Mobility patterns of the elderly tourist in Algarve

The present work is part of the Project for Scientific Research and Techno-logical Development "Accessibility for All in Tourism" focuses on modal in-terfaces designed according to the concepts of "Universal Design" and "Age Sensitive Design". In this project 851 surveys were carried out for elderly tourists, who arrived in Algarve (Portugal) through the international Airport of Faro, in the summer of 2018, with a view to understanding their prefer-ences and needs in terms of mobility. It presents the characterization of the senior tourist in Algarve, according to: gender, age, academic qualification, situation in the relation to the profession, nationality, disability and/or disa-bilities that affects mobility and the need to use technical aids to move. It analyses and compares, from the point of view of sustainable mobility, the mobility of the elderly tourist, by gender and age group, in the country where they reside and in the Algarve region. This information is useful for local au-thorities and for transport operators in order to make the mobility of elderly tourists, in Algarve, more sustainable from a social, economic and environ-mental standpoint.The Research Project ACCES4ALL - Accessibility for All in Tourisminfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

An easy proof of Jensen's theorem on the uniqueness of infinity harmonic functions

We present a new, easy, and elementary proof of Jensen's Theorem on the uniqueness of infinity harmonic functions. The idea is to pass to a finite difference equation by taking maximums and minimums over small balls.Comment: 4 pages; comments added, proof simplifie

A British Bureaucratic Revolution? Autonomy Without Control, or “Freer Markets, More Rules”

This paper addresses a puzzle : how to account for changes in the routine behavior of groups, organizations and individuals in Britain ? Following a detailed analysis of state/market interdependence and the role of the state in creating the market, an analysis drawn from the thinking of Weber and Polanyi, we suggest adapting Weber’s notion of bureaucratic revolution : in what we call the British bureaucratic revolution, the state has played an essential role in social change by creating institutions and rules that are lastingly reorienting actors’ behavior. The example of the healthcare field is examined in order to identify the specific mechanisms that have been impacting on behavior within an approximately ten-year period ; namely, the introduction of 1) competitive practices (sanction/reward) and 2) of auditing and inspection. If this interpretation is valid, then it is reasonable to assume that the effects of this bureaucratic revolution extend beyond Britain

Une révolution bureaucratique britannique ?:Autonomie sans contrôle ou « freer markets, more rules »

L'article a pour point de départ un puzzle: comment rendre compte des transformations des comportements routiniers de groupes, d'organisations et d'individus en Grande-Bretagne? À partir d'une analyse précise des interdépendances entre État et marché et du rôle de l'État dans la création du marché tirée de Weber et de Polanyi, nous proposons de reprendre et d'adapter la notion de révolution bureaucratique avancée par Weber. Nous défendons la thèse selon laquelle la révolution bureaucratique britannique se traduit par le fait que l'État joue un rôle essentiel dans le changement social en créant des règles, des institutions qui orientent dans la durée le comportement des acteurs. L'exemple de la santé est ensuite mobilisé pour identifier des mécanismes précis qui exercent leur influence sur une durée d'une dizaine d'années, à savoir l'introduction de dispositifs de concurrence (sanction récompense) d'une part, d'audit et d'inspection d'autre part. Si notre interprétation est pertinente, on peut envisager que les effets de cette révolution bureaucratique s'exercent dans d'autres contextes que celui de la Grande-Bretagne.This article originated with a puzzle: how best to account for changes in the behavior of groups, organizations and individuals in Great Britain? A detailed analysis of what Weber and Polanyi identified as interdependencies between state and market, and of the state's role in creating the market, led to the decision to adapt the notion of bureaucratic revolution put forward by Weber. We argue that the British bureaucratic revolution is reflected in the fact that the state plays an essential role in social change by creating rules and institutions that lastingly orient actors' behavior. The examples of health and local authorities are then used to identify mechanisms that were influential throughout a ten-year period; specifically the introduction of competition features (rewards and punishments) and of auditing and inspection. If our interpretation is accurate, the effects of this bureaucratic revolution may well come to be felt in contexts other than Great Britain