Atenuación del fenómeno del polimorfismo en la formulación de comprimidos de indometacina

En un fármaco policristalino como es Indometacina, se ha llevado a cabo una investigación sobre una formulaciónalternativa que emplee el polimorfo II de esta especie química en vez del polimorfo I, oficial éste en la farmacopeaamericana. Además, se ha formulado en comprimidos como alternativa a la monografía oficial de cápsulas en lamisma farmacopea. Su formulación en comprimidos evita las diferencias que puedan existir inicialmente según elpolimorfo empleado. Se concluye que ambos polimorfos se pueden usar indistintamente bajo la forma farmacéuticade comprimidos

Estudio de preformulación para el desarrollo de comprimidos de indometacina como substancia policristalina

Se desarrolla a través del polimorfismo de Indometacina un estudio de preformulación de cara a su posteriorformulación farmacéutica. De los diversos métodos ensayados para la cristalización de los morfos de mayor interésfarmacéutico, el procedimiento de enfriamiento a partir de soluciones concentradas de Acetona:Agua y Etanol:Aguaa altas temperaturas ha permitido, según el caso, obtener éstos de forma pura y con rendimientos mayores del 80%.Las técnicas fisico-químicas de caracterización empleadas han sido las de Termomicroscopía, Microscopía electrónica,Espectroscopía I.R., Rayos X y Calorimetría diferencial de barrido. Además, se han incorporado otras metódicasde interés farmacéutico como son Velocidad de disolución, Tamaño de partícula, Densidad, Fluidez, Porosidad,Superficie específica, Compresibilidad y Dureza con el fin de elegir la forma cristalina más adecuada

A novel low-voltage reconfigurable ΣΔ modulator for 4G wireless receivers

This paper presents a new adaptable cascade ΣΔ modulator architecture fo r low-voltage multi-stan- dard applications. It uses two reconfiguration strategies: a programmable global resonation and a variable loop-filter order. These techniques are properly com- bined in a novel topology that allows to increase the effec- tive resolution in a given bandwidth, whereas keeping relaxed output swing requirements and high robustness to mismatch and to non-linearities of the amplifiers. Time-domain simulations incl uding the main circuit-level non-idealities are shown to demonstrate the benefits of the presented modulator when it is configured to cope with the requirements of GSM, UMTS, WLAN and Wi-Max.España, Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia TEC2007-67247-C02-01/MICEspaña, Ministerio de Innovación, Ciencia y Empresa, Junta de Andalucía TIC-253

José Mª Jover y la historia de las relaciones internacionales en las últimas décadas del siglo XIX y de las primeras del XX.

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Preparando la Conferencia de Algeciras: el acuerdo hispano francés de 1 de septiembre de 1905 sobre Marruecos

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The influence of Motivations and Barriers in the Benefits. An empirical study of EMAS certified business in Spain

The main objective of this research is to analyze through a structured questionnaire, the influence of the motivations that lead companies to implement Eco-Management and Audit Scheme (EMAS) and the barriers found in the benefits perceived by companies, as well as, the degree of difficulty perceived for the implementation of the different requirements to be fulfilled, which are established in the regulation. An extensive review of the academic literature published on motivations, barriers, difficulties and benefits in environmental standards has been carried out in order to establish the working hypotheses which refer to the relationship between motivations, barriers with the benefits and degree of difficulty in implementing the requirements. The empirical investigation was carried out in a sample of 114 of the 255 companies of the Autonomous Community of Galicia (Spain) that have EMAS certification. The methodology used was the use of the application of a regression analysis to test the hypotheses; pre- viously the measurement scales were validated and an exploratory factorial analysis was applied in order to determine the structure of the different variables considered in the study. The results show that the motivations affect the benefits positively and on the contrary, affect the barriers negatively (reduce them) and it was observed that the greater the barriers, the lower the benefits obtained from the implementation of EMAS (negative influence). The proposed regression models show the joint influence of the motivations and barriers on the benefits considered

The cost of interventions in the financial sector since 2008 in the EU countries

Artículo de revistaSince the start of the financial crisis, the advanced countries have deployed numerous measures in support of the financial system, requiring a sizeable volume of public funds. In the EU, aid has been authorised and subject to the conditionality required by the European Commission, in respect of its accountability for competition-related matters. This article explains the broad criteria for recording aid in general government accounts and discusses the different ways of measuring its direct cost. On Eurostat figures for the 2008- 2015 period, the impact of interventions on general government accounts in terms of debt, debt net of assets, deficits and contingent liabilities are shown for the EU countries. Nevertheless, the final cost will not be fully identified until the restructuring processes outstanding have been concluded and the public sector’s remaining exposure to the banking sector has been remove