Compendio 2022 Proyectos ganadores del IV Concurso Nacional de Proyectos de Innovación Educativa

La 4° edición del concurso tuvo como objetivo promover y financiar proyectos de innovación de II.EE., mediante subvención directa, los proyectos ganadores estuvieron orientados a la mejora de los aprendizajes y cierre de brechas con equidad, estos proyectos fueron elaborados por docentes y directivos de las instituciones educativas públicas de las 25 regiones del país, promoviendo la calidad del servicio educativo y los aprendizajes de los estudiantes. De los 625 proyectos ganadores, 141 se enfocaron en proyectos de innovación consolidados, 345 fueron proyectos en proceso de implementación y, por último, 139 proyectos de investigaciónacción participativa para la innovación educativa, lo cual nos muestra las diversas maneras que el docente y directivo aborda la problemática pedagógica y la aplicación de Currículo Nacional

Prevalence, concordance and determinants of human papillomavirus infection among heterosexual partners in a rural region in central Mexico

Background: Although human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in heterosexual couples has been sparsely studied, it is relevant to understand disease burden and transmission mechanisms. The present study determined the prevalence and concordance of type-specific HPV infection as well as the determinants of infection in heterosexual couples in a rural area of Mexico. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 504 clinically healthy heterosexual couples from four municipalities in the State of Mexico, Mexico. HPV testing was performed using biotinylated L1 consensus primers and reverse line blot in cervical samples from women and in genital samples from men. Thirty-seven HPV types were detected, including high-risk oncogenic types and low-risk types. Multivariate logistic regression models were utilized to evaluate factors associated with HPV. Results: The prevalence of HPV infection was 20.5% in external male genitals and 13.7% in cervical samples. In 504 sexual couples participating in the study, concordance of HPV status was 79%; 34 partners (6.7%) were concurrently infected, and 21 out of 34 partners where both were HPV positive (61.8%) showed concordance for one or more HPV types. The principal risk factor associated with HPV DNA detection in men as well as women was the presence of HPV DNA in the respective regular sexual partner (OR = 5.15, 95% CI 3.01-8.82). In men, having a history of 10 or more sexual partners over their lifetime (OR 2.5, 95% CI 1.3 - 4.8) and having had sexual relations with prostitutes (OR 1.7, 95% CI 1.01 - 2.8) increased the likelihood of detecting HPV DNA. Conclusions: In heterosexual couples in rural regions in Mexico, the prevalence of HPV infection and type-specific concordance is high. High-risk sexual behaviors are strong determinants of HPV infection in men

Tissue culture of ornamental cacti

Cacti species are plants that are well adapted to growing in arid and semiarid regions where the main problem is water availability. Cacti have developed a series of adaptations to cope with water scarcity, such as reduced leaf surface via morphological modifications including spines, cereous cuticles, extended root systems and stem tissue modifications to increase water storage, and crassulacean acid metabolism to reduce transpiration and water loss. Furthermore, seeds of these plants very often exhibit dormancy, a phenomenon that helps to prevent germination when the availability of water is reduced. In general, cactus species exhibit a low growth rate that makes their rapid propagation difficult. Cacti are much appreciated as ornamental plants due to their great variety and diversity of forms and their beautiful short-life flowers; however, due to difficulties in propagating them rapidly to meet market demand, they are very often over-collected in their natural habitats, which leads to numerous species being threatened, endangered or becoming extinct. Therefore, plant tissue culture techniques may facilitate their propagation over a shorter time period than conventional techniques used for commercial purposes; or may help to recover populations of endangered or threatened species for their re-introduction in the wild; or may also be of value to the preservation and conservation of the genetic resources of this important family. Herein we present the state-of-the-art of tissue culture techniques used for ornamental cacti and selected suggestions for solving a number of the problems faced by members of the Cactaceae family

Seguimiento de las guías españolas para el manejo del asma por el médico de atención primaria: un estudio observacional ambispectivo

Objetivo Evaluar el grado de seguimiento de las recomendaciones de las versiones de la Guía española para el manejo del asma (GEMA 2009 y 2015) y su repercusión en el control de la enfermedad. Material y métodos Estudio observacional y ambispectivo realizado entre septiembre del 2015 y abril del 2016, en el que participaron 314 médicos de atención primaria y 2.864 pacientes. Resultados Utilizando datos retrospectivos, 81 de los 314 médicos (25, 8% [IC del 95%, 21, 3 a 30, 9]) comunicaron seguir las recomendaciones de la GEMA 2009. Al inicio del estudio, 88 de los 314 médicos (28, 0% [IC del 95%, 23, 4 a 33, 2]) seguían las recomendaciones de la GEMA 2015. El tener un asma mal controlada (OR 0, 19, IC del 95%, 0, 13 a 0, 28) y presentar un asma persistente grave al inicio del estudio (OR 0, 20, IC del 95%, 0, 12 a 0, 34) se asociaron negativamente con tener un asma bien controlada al final del seguimiento. Por el contrario, el seguimiento de las recomendaciones de la GEMA 2015 se asoció de manera positiva con una mayor posibilidad de que el paciente tuviera un asma bien controlada al final del periodo de seguimiento (OR 1, 70, IC del 95%, 1, 40 a 2, 06). Conclusiones El escaso seguimiento de las guías clínicas para el manejo del asma constituye un problema común entre los médicos de atención primaria. Un seguimiento de estas guías se asocia con un control mejor del asma. Existe la necesidad de actuaciones que puedan mejorar el seguimiento por parte de los médicos de atención primaria de las guías para el manejo del asma. Objective: To assess the degree of compliance with the recommendations of the 2009 and 2015 versions of the Spanish guidelines for managing asthma (Guía Española para el Manejo del Asma [GEMA]) and the effect of this compliance on controlling the disease. Material and methods: We conducted an observational ambispective study between September 2015 and April 2016 in which 314 primary care physicians and 2864 patients participated. Results: Using retrospective data, we found that 81 of the 314 physicians (25.8%; 95% CI 21.3–30.9) stated that they complied with the GEMA2009 recommendations. At the start of the study, 88 of the 314 physicians (28.0%; 95% CI 23.4–33.2) complied with the GEMA2015 recommendations. Poorly controlled asthma (OR, 0.19; 95% CI 0.13–0.28) and persistent severe asthma at the start of the study (OR, 0.20; 95% CI 0.12–0.34) were negatively associated with having well-controlled asthma by the end of the follow-up. In contrast, compliance with the GEMA2015 recommendations was positively associated with a greater likelihood that the patient would have well-controlled asthma by the end of the follow-up (OR, 1.70; 95% CI 1.40–2.06). Conclusions: Low compliance with the clinical guidelines for managing asthma is a common problem among primary care physicians. Compliance with these guidelines is associated with better asthma control. Actions need to be taken to improve primary care physician compliance with the asthma management guidelines

Colpoclypeus

Key to species of Colpoclypeus 1. Female............................................................................................. 2 1 ’. Male................................................................................................ 3 2. Legs yellowish with medial area (0.70 length) of femora dark. Head width/height = 1.35–1.46. Scape length 5.00– 6.25 X its width. Mesopleural suture almost straight (Fig. 1 e). Supracoxal flange absent......... Colpoclypeus michoacanensis n. sp. 2 ’. Legs completely yellowish. Head width/height = 1.18. Scape length 4.50 X its width. Mesopleural suture curved (Fig. 1 j). Supracoxal flange present....................................................... Colpoclypeus florus (Walker) 3. Fore femur strongly swollen (Fig. 1 g), twice as long as wide; fore tarsus with basal 3 tarsomeres all wider than long or quadrate. Genitalia: digitus with 4 or 5 apical teeth and one basal tooth; with a pyramidal-shaped raised intervolsellar process (Fig. 1 h).................................................................... Colpoclypeus michoacanensis n. sp. 3 ’. Fore femur not swollen, 4.4 –5.0X as long as wide; fore tarsus with basal 3 tarsomeres all longer than wide. Genitalia: digitus with two apical teeth and without basal tooth; without a pyramidal-shaped raised intervolsellar process (Fig. 1 i)........................................................................................ Colpoclypeus florus (Walker)Published as part of Sánchez-García, José Antonio, Pineda, Samuel, Martínez, Ana Mabel, Rebollar-Alviter, Angel, Juárez-Gutiérrez, Ana Celestina, Cruz, Ignacio López, Salle, John La & Figueroa, José Isaac, 2011, A new species of Colpoclypeus Lucchese (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) from Mexico, pp. 64-68 in Zootaxa 2830 on page 67, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.27730

Colpoclypeus michoacanensis Sanchez & Figueroa, new species

Colpoclypeus michoacanensis Sánchez & Figueroa, new species (Fig. 1 a –h) FEMALE. Color: dark metallic blue green; eyes reddish brown; scape yellowish with dark area medially, pedicel brown dorsally, funicle and clava yellowish brown; wings hyaline, veins yellowish brown; legs yellowish with medial area (0.70 length) of femora dark; coxae dark metallic blue green, hind coxa yellowish ventrally; metasoma yellowish with a dark band dorsally. Head: in frontal view subtriangular (Fig. 1 a), head width/height = 1.35–1.46; with striate sculpture and short setae on vertex, on frons adjacent to medial margin of compound eye, malar space, and clypeus; setae on compound eye shorter; malar suture present; malar space 0.72–0.85 X as long as eye height; transverse sulcus present just ventral to anterior ocellus (Fig. 1 b); antenna with scape, pedicel, two anelli, two funicle and three claval segments; antenna with pale, short setae and scape with longitudinal striae; scape length 5.00– 6.25 X its width; pedicel slightly shorter than, or equal in length to 1 st funicular segment; funiculars and club moderately setose and with many longitudinal sensilla; 1 st funicular segment slightly longer than 2 nd; combined length of 1 st and 2 nd funicular segments similar to clava length. Clypeus bilobed (Fig. 1 a). Mesosoma: mesosoma 2.0X as long as high, and 1.00– 1.24 X as long as gaster (Fig. 1 c); pronotum with reticulate sculpture and with some long setae along posterior margin; notauli incomplete; mesonotum sculptured (Fig. 1 d) as pronotum with some sparse setae; scutellum without submedian grooves, with two pairs of setae; mesopleural suture almost straight (Fig. 1 e); transepimeral sulcus present and distinct; upper mesepimeron smooth, lower mesepimeron slightly sculptured; supracoxal flange absent; dorsellum large, strongly sculptured, crenulate/multidentate; propodeum smooth, polished, with strong median carina and plicae (Fig. 1 f); propodeal callus with 12 long and thin setae. Forewing: costal cell with a ventral line of 12 setae extending from base to apex; postmarginal vein 0.77–0.83 X as long as stigmal vein; stigma slightly swollen; marginal fringe as long as width of costal cell at widest point; length: 1.36–1.92 mm. Legs: length of fore femur 4– 5 X its width; hind leg with femur, tibia and basitarsus length/width = 4.30 –5.00, 9.14–13.4 and 3.33–4.80 X, respectively. Metasoma: gaster with some sparse setae laterally, petiole transverse, barely visible in dorsal view; ovipositor 0.38–0.64 X as long as hind tibia (Fig. 1 c); ovipositor in some specimens with a black spot basally and with some sparse setae in apical half. Body length: 1.53–2.01 mm. MALE. Sexual dimorphism evident; male smaller than female, body length 1.11–1.66 mm; fore femur very swollen, only 2 X as long as wide (Fig. 1 g), tarsomeres of fore leg shorter than female; basal 3 tarsomeres wider than long or quadrate; arolia large; head higher than female, head width/height = 1.08–1.25; funicle with three and clava with two segments. Genitalia (Fig. 1 h) with subgenital plate exposed; aedeagus elongate, bifid; digitus with 4 or 5 apical teeth and one basal tooth; with pyramidal-shaped, raised intervolsellar process. Host. Argyrotaenia montezumae Walsingham (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Type material. Holotype Ψ, MÉXICO, Michoacán. Los Reyes, Rancho Santino, 19 ° 39 ’079’’ N and 102 ° 28 ’ 695 ’’ W, 1409 msnm, 13 -X- 2009, I. López C., Host: Argyrotaenia montezumae on Rubus sp. (blackberry) (IIAF). 49 Ψ, 16 ɗ Paratypes: MÉXICO, Michoacán: 24 Ψ, 11 ɗ, same data as holotype (18 Ψ, 16 ɗ: IIAF; 2 Ψ, 1 ɗ each: ANIC, CIIDIR-IPN, USNM); 10 Ψ, 4 ɗ same data as holotype but 11 -XI- 2009 (IIAF); 4 Ψ, 1 ɗ same data as holotype but 21 -XI- 2009 (IIAF); 11 Ψ Tangancicuaro, 2 -X- 2007, I. López C., Host: Argyrotaenia montezumae on Rubus sp. (blackberry) (IIAF). Etymology. This species is so named because it is from Mexican state of Michoacán. Distribution. MÉXICO (Michoacán). Remarks. This species is similar to C. florus. The two species are distinguished by the following key.Published as part of Sánchez-García, José Antonio, Pineda, Samuel, Martínez, Ana Mabel, Rebollar-Alviter, Angel, Juárez-Gutiérrez, Ana Celestina, Cruz, Ignacio López, Salle, John La & Figueroa, José Isaac, 2011, A new species of Colpoclypeus Lucchese (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) from Mexico, pp. 64-68 in Zootaxa 2830 on pages 66-67, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.27730

FIGURE 1. a – f in A new species of Colpoclypeus Lucchese (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) from Mexico

FIGURE 1. a – f, Colpoclypeus michoacanensis female: a, frontal view of head (insert: antenna); b, dorsal view of head (arrow indicates transverse sulcus); c, habitus in lateral view; d, dorsal view of mesosoma; e, lateral view of mesosoma (arrow indicates almost straight mesopleural suture); f, dorsal view of propodeum. g − h, C. michoacanensis male: g, lateral view of fore femur; h, genitalia (arrow indicates digitus with 4 or 5 apical teeth). i – j, Colpoclypeus florus: i, male genitalia (arrow indicates digitus with 2 apical teeth); j, lateral view of female mesosoma (arrow indicates curved mesopleural suture)

Mestizaje, diferencia y nación

Este libro ofrece un panorama sobre la contribución de las poblaciones de origen africano en la construcción de sociedades mestizas (y creoles) en varios países de América Central y el Caribe. Lo " negro " , lejos de desaparecer con las aboliciones de la esclavitud y las independencias, se transforma, emerge y a veces se vuelve invisible. Tanto a nivel político como cultural, el mestizaje permite una desmultiplicación de las expresiones de la diferencia. Los autores de este libro, a partir de trabajos etnográficos o de archivos, cuestionan las políticas nacionales (Mark Anderson, Verene A. Shepherd), la permanencia y actualización de prácticas racistas (Peter Wade, Mónica G. Moreno Figueroa), las fronteras entre grupos (Anath Ariel de Vidas y Odile Hoffmann, Gabriel Izard), y las culturas de lo negro (Christian Rinaudo, Hettie Malcomson, Nahayeilli B. Juárez Huet)