Two-axis leveling detector system

Electro-mechanical device for measuring tilt angles in order to establish level base without optical reference is described. Angular displacement is detected by movement of bubble in conducting fluid containing electrode network. Electrical signal causes compensation for small movements in horizontal and vertical planes

A characterization of Hermitian varieties as codewords

It is known that the Hermitian varieties are codewords in the code defined by the points and hyperplanes of the projective spaces $PG(r,q^2)$. In finite geometry, also quasi-Hermitian varieties are defined. These are sets of points of $PG(r,q^2)$ of the same size as a non-singular Hermitian variety of $PG(r,q^2)$, having the same intersection sizes with the hyperplanes of $PG(r,q^2)$. In the planar case, this reduces to the definition of a unital. A famous result of Blokhuis, Brouwer, and Wilbrink states that every unital in the code of the points and lines of $PG(2,q^2)$ is a Hermitian curve. We prove a similar result for the quasi-Hermitian varieties in $PG(3,q^2)$, $q=p^{h}$, as well as in $PG(r,q^2)$, $q=p$ prime, or $q=p^2$, $p$ prime, and $r\geq 4$

Fitness Hearings in War Crimes Cases: From Nuremberg to the Hague

This Article examines the Strugar decision and its role in establishing the standards for a defendant’s fitness to stand trial before an in-ternational tribunal. While fitness to stand trial was an issue in three cases at Nuremberg, those cases failed to establish any standards for the international criminal justice community. In contrast, the Strugar standards have been followed in other Trial Chambers at the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia, and at The Special Panels for Serious Crimes at the United Nations Tribunal at East Timor. Therefore, the author argues that Strugar may be viewed as the seminal decision on the issue of fitness to stand trial before an international tribunal

Predictors and correlates of sleep-related problems in anxious youth

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Boston University PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at [email protected]. Thank you.Anxiety disorders constitute the most common and debilitating mental health disturbance experienced by youth today. Sleep-related problems (SRPs) are highly prevalent among anxious youth and encompass a variety of problems including nighttime fears, insomnia, and refusal to sleep alone. Sleep problems and anxiety have been proposed to have a reciprocal relationship, whereby disturbed sleep increases a child's vulnerability to developing anxiety, and increased anxiety then interferes with sleep. Given that chronic sleep disturbance is associated with a range of behavioral and physical problems in youth and predicts future psychopathology, it is important to elucidate the nature of sleep problems in anxious youth. The present study investigated the relationship between sleep and anxiety utilizing a sample of 101 youth, ages 6-17, with a primary anxiety disorder. Families completed a structured diagnostic interview and self-report questionnaires about child anxiety and mood symptoms, behavior problems, parent psychopathology, and family functioning. Parents also completed the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ), a measure designed to assess children's sleep habits and problems. The CSHQ covers a range of SRPs in various domains, including bedtime resistance, sleep onset latency, sleep anxiety, night wakings, parasornnias, and daytime sleepiness. Total scores of 41 or greater on the CSHQ are indicative of clinical sleep disturbance. Statistical analyses were conducted to examine the data for differences across demographic and diagnostic variables, using chi-square tests for categorical and t-tests for continuous variables. Hierarchical linear regressions were also performed to determine the unique and linear contributions of child and family characteristics on SRPs. Findings revealed that SRPs were highly prevalent across all anxious youth, but the nature of these problems varied by diagnosis. SRPs also differed as a function of age, with younger children experiencing greater nighttime difficulties and adolescents struggling with more daytime sleepiness. Certain child characteristics, including heightened anxiety sensitivity and severity of depressive symptoms, were found to predict greater SRPs. Several family factors, including impaired family functioning, maternal psychopathology, and parental intrusiveness, were also found to predict SRPs. Taken together, results of the present study suggest that sleep difficulties are widespread among anxious youth and walTant greater research and clinical attention