A Study on the Dynamics of the Development of Red Steppe Cows and Their Ayrshire and Holstein Crossbreeds

When purchasing animals from abroad, agricultural enterprises often underestimate their demand for feed quality and feeding standards for ensuring genetically determined milk productivity. Therefore, increasing attention should be paid to raising local breeds. During the creation of new production relations, it is very important to preserve achievements of scientists and breeders. The widespread use of red steppe cows is due to good feed payment, unpretentiousness, and their adaptability to the steppe zone with its arid climate. There was a real threat of extinction of purebred red steppe cattle: with the intensification of dairy cattle breeding, as well as low milk productivity, these animals are inferior to the best dairy breeds by productivity, but they are better by endurance, resistance to diseases, and adaptability to extreme environmental conditions. Therefore, scientific research is needed on improving the productive and technological qualities of this breed using the best global gene pool of dairy cattle. This article presents the results of a study on the development of heifers of purebred red steppe cows and their Ayrshire and red-motley Holstein crossbreeds. Differences in the live weight indicators of the purebred and crossbred heifers were due to the effect of crossbreeding and intensive growing technology, which made it possible to maximize the genetic potential of the crossbred animals. Keywords: breed, steppe red, Holstein, Ayrshire, live weight, feed costs, die

РАННИЙ КАРТОФЕЛЬ В ДВУУРОЖАЙНОЙ КУЛЬТУРЕ

The most effective types of treatments of freshly harvested potato tubers for dual cropping in conditions of irrigation of North steppe of Ukraine were determined. For the cv. Impala it is a pretreatment by water solution of Fumar and Gibberellin, water solution of Reastim and Gibberellin. For the cv. Zagadka it is a pre-treatment by water solution of Reastim and Gibberellin.Установлены наиболее действенные способы подготовки свежеубранных клубней к высаживанию в двуурожайной культуре при возделывании молодого (раннего) картофеля на орошении в зоне северной Степи Украины, а именно: обработка посадочного материала водными растворами регулятора роста фумара и фитогормона гиббереллина; регулятора роста реастима и фитогормона гиббереллина (для сорта Импала) и растворы регулятора роста биоглобина, регулятора роста реастима и фитогормона гиббереллина (для сорта Загадка)

ВЛИЯНИЕ НАГОННЫХ ЯВЛЕНИЙ И ПЕРЕМЕШИВАНИЯ ВОДНЫХ МАСС НА СОДЕРЖАНИЕ БИОГЕННЫХ ЭЛЕМЕНТОВ В ЛИТОРАЛЬНОЙ ЗОНЕ СЛАБОЭВТРОФНОГО ОЗЕРА

The influence of the pileup and mixing of water on the concentration of dissolved nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, and phosphorus in the littoral zone of eutrophic Lake Obsterno (Belarus) has been studied.This concentration was determined for the two types of the littoral zone – with and without water-air vegetation (Scirpus lacustris). After the pileup the concentrations of PO4–, NO3–, NH4+ ions increased. The increasing of PO4– was higher in the littoral zone without vegetation, but NH4+ – in the littoral with vegetation.Thus, the pileup and mixing of water in the littoral zone lead to an increase in biogenic elements, which may influence the phytoplankton development.Проведена оценка воздействия нагонных явлений и перемешивания водных масс на концентрацию растворенных форм азота и фосфора в разных типах литоральной зоны слабоэвтрофного озера Обстерно. Показано, что спустя три дня после нагона воды концентрация ионов PO4– и NH4 + значительно увеличилась. Это увеличение было более ярко выражено в литорали без зарослей воздушно-водной растительности для растворенного фосфора, в то время как для аммонийного азота – в литорали с зарослями камыша.Таким образом, нагонные явления способствуют увеличению содержания биогенных элементов в литоральной зоне, что может способствовать массовому развитию фитопланктона и приводить к "цветению" воды

Predicting global invasion risks: a management tool to prevent future introductions

Predicting regions at risk from introductions of non-native species and the subsequent invasions is a fundamental aspect of horizon scanning activities that enable the development of more effective preventative actions and planning of management measures. The Asian cyprinid fish topmouth gudgeon Pseudorasbora parva has proved highly invasive across Europe since its introduction in the 1960s. In addition to direct negative impacts on native fish populations, P. parva has potential for further damage through transmission of an emergent infectious disease, known to cause mortality in other species. To quantify its invasion risk, in regions where it has yet to be introduced, we trained 900 ecological niche models and constructed an Ensemble Model predicting suitability, then integrated a proxy for introduction likelihood. This revealed high potential for P. parva to invade regions well beyond its current invasive range. These included areas in all modelled continents, with several hotspots of climatic suitability and risk of introduction. We believe that these methods are easily adapted for a variety of other invasive species and that such risk maps could be used by policy-makers and managers in hotspots to formulate increased surveillance and early-warning systems that aim to prevent introductions and subsequent invasions

EARLY-RIPENNING POTATO IN DUAL CROPPING

The most effective types of treatments of freshly harvested potato tubers for dual cropping in conditions of irrigation of North steppe of Ukraine were determined. For the cv. Impala it is a pretreatment by water solution of Fumar and Gibberellin, water solution of Reastim and Gibberellin. For the cv. Zagadka it is a pre-treatment by water solution of Reastim and Gibberellin