Addressing public subjects in latin american countries

The aim of research was identified comparative legal study of constitutions of American countries. The current study was based on a dialectical approach to disclosure of legal phenomena and processes, using general scientific method, (system, logical, analysis, and synthesis) and private scientific method

Risk Assessment at the Cosmetic Product Manufacturer by Expert Judgment Method

A case study was performed in a cosmetic product manufacturer. We have identified the main risk factors of occupational accidents and their causes. Risk of accidents is assessed by the expert judgment method. Event tree for the most probable accident is built and recommendations on improvement of occupational health and safety protection system at the cosmetic product manufacturer are developed. The results of this paper can be used to develop actions to improve the occupational safety and health system in the chemical industry

ВЗАИМНЫЕ ЭФФЕКТЫ САХАРНОГО ДИАБЕТА, ОЖИРЕНИЯ И SARS-COV-2

С момента первой вспышки SARS-Cov-2 в Китае большое внимание медицинского сообщества было уделено людям с сахарным диабетом, так как хорошо известно, что сахарный диабет повышает риск развития ряда инфекционных заболеваний. Причина этого многофакторная: возраст, пол, этническая принадлежность, сопутствующие заболевания, такие как гипертония, сердечно-сосудистые заболевания, ожирение, а также провоспалительное и прокоагулянтное состояние – все это способствует более тяжелому течению SARS-Cov-2 у пациентов с сахарным диабетом. Более того, тяжелая инфекция SARS-Cov-2 сама по себе может представлять собой ухудшающий фактор для людей с сахарным диабетом, поскольку она может вызвать острые метаболические осложнения через прямое негативное воздействие на функцию β-клеток. Данный обзор призван обеспечить системную оценку потенциальных прогностических факторов и взаимных эффектов у пациентов с сахарным диабетом, ожирением и SARS-Cov-2

Уровень ошибок диагностики пневмоний по данным историй болезней у умерших в стационаре общего профиля

The high level of errors in diagnosing pneumonia was revealed during analysis of 119 case hystories in one of Moscow general hospitals. The reasons responsible for objective and subjective diagnostic errors were analysed. The mortality rate of community-acquired and nosocomial pneumonias was assessed and high percent of underdiagnosing of pneumonia as a complication of basic disease was found.На основании изучения 119 историй болезней в ГКБ № 57 была выявлена высокая частота ошибок диагностики пневмоний. Обсуждаются причины объективных и субъективных ошибок при диагностике пневмоний. Оценена летальность от пневмоний как основного заболевания и как осложнения другой патологии. Обнаружен высокий процент гиподиагностики пневмоний в качестве осложнения основного заболевания

The role of the gut microbiota in the development of type 1 diabetes mellitus

At the beginning of the XXI century, with the advent of technical capabilities and new methods of genes sequencing, the attention of researchers to the study of the human metagenome has significantly increased. The interaction between changes in the qualitative and quantitative composition of the gut microbiota (GM) and various diseases is being actively studied, a search for specific metabolites and genes of microorganisms that may be associated with the development, in particular, of immune-mediated diseases is underway. In recent years, a lot of new data have been published on the possible contribution of gut flora dysbiosis to the development of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM), while the first assumptions were put forward as far back as 1970s. The search for pathogenetic mechanisms of GM influence on the development and progression of T1DM is becoming an increasingly relevant objective, since in recent years the incidence of T1DM is rapidly increasing, which is a serious health problem throughout the world.This review discusses the current ideas about the role of GM in the immunopathogenesis of T1DM, new data on the near-term prospects in the study of the human macrogenome, current ideas about the role of GM in the immunopathogenesis of T1DM, and the possibility of applying this knowledge by the practitioner

Abordando los sujetos públicos en los países de América Latina

El objetivo de la investigación fue identificar el estudio jurídico comparativo de las constituciones de los países americano

Slowly evolving, immune-mediated diabetes in 14-year-old patient: a case report

Slowly developing immune-mediated diabetes, often called latent autoimmune diabetes in adults, is characterized by the presence of autoantibodies (ATs) to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GADA), the patient's age at the onset over 35 years, and the absence of the need for insulin therapy for 6-12 months to 6 years from the moment of diagnosis, according to the WHO classification of 2019, refers to hybrid forms of diabetes mellitus (DM). In this article, we present a case history of slowly developing immune-mediated diabetes in a 14-year-old boy who was transferred from metformin monotherapy and a diet with restriction of digestible carbohydrates to the intensified insulin therapy only 4 years after the onset of diabetes mellitus with a glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level of less than 6.5% throughout the disease. As a result of the studies, the patient was found to have a homozygous genotype highly predisposing to the development of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM), as well as increased levels of ATs to GADA and tyrosine phosphatase (IA-2A). The initially preserved level of basal C-peptide and the clinical course of the disease in this patient do not allow us to classify this case as a classic variant of the course of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Dialectical approach to the study of legal phenomena and the processes using general scientific and private-science methods

The article provides the arguments in favor of interaction inclusion in the category of constitutional principles based on the analysis of doctrinal approaches, international acts and the constitutional texts of Western European countries and CIS countries. The comparison of the approaches of this group of states in the constitutional use of "cooperation" and "interaction" led to the conclusion that they often act as synonym

Transformation of University Models: Analysis of the Development Strategies of Universities in the World

The paper presents an analysis of the key characteristics of the typological models of modern universities and outlines the directions of their transformation. The concept of University 3.0 was used as a research methodology in view of the existing approaches to the classification of university models. The research method was the qualitative analysis of the strategic development documents of the various universities of the world posted on their websites. The selection of the universities for analysis was carried out on the basis of the results of the QS WUR 2022 ranking. The sample was made up of 30 universities from North America, Europe, Asia, and Russia, occupying various ranking positions. As a result, there were revealed the features of the strategic priorities for the development of Russian and foreign universities, as well as universities aimed at global and regional influence. A set of basic characteristics of typological models of universities 1.0-4.0 has been developed. It has been established that the transformation of these models takes place in the direction of increasing the scope of their mission, expanding the areas of activity, using new digital technologies, developing integration potential and strengthening the impact on society. The defining parameters for the formation of the model of the university of the future are focus on innovation and advanced continuous education, managed broad integration, diversification of income sources, social involvement and contribution to sustainable development. The presented complex of the main characteristics of typological models of universities can serve as a tool for assessing the compliance of a particular university with a particular model, as well as contribute to goal-setting in the development of the national higher education system and particular universities