Connecting after killing : an exploration of the intersubjective space between therapist and client when combat rests between them

This qualitative study examines how the psychological dimensions of killing in combat manifest in intersubjective space between civilian therapists and service member clients. The investigation is based on interviews with 10 civilian therapists who provide psychotherapy to combat service members who have killed or think they may have killed in combat. The reality of killing in combat renders most individuals both viscerally and existentially uncomfortable, and thus is often turned away from. Civilian psychotherapists are not immune to this. The aim of this study was to explore how therapists\u27 subjectivities—in the form of conscious and unconscious actions, thoughts, and emotions regarding the reality of killing in combat—manifest, explicitly and implicitly, in a therapeutic dyad with combat service members. The findings of the research reveal a range of ways in which therapists\u27 actions and presence were different with combat service members than with other client populations, including in the form of a more powerful empathic alliance, increased self-disclosure, and greater attentiveness to power differentials and mutuality in the clinical interaction. Furthermore, analysis of some of the explicit and implicit dynamics between therapists and service members points to potentially compelling ways in which mutual influence is experienced in these dyads, particularly as it relates to intrapsychic and interpersonal experiences of alienation and denial associated with killing in combat as well as to the interplay between individual and collective responsibility for war\u27s devastation

The Irish Social Partnership and the "Celtic Tiger" Phenomenon

Ireland is the miracle economy of the 1990s. In 15 years, it transformed itself from one of the poorest countries in Europe into one of the richest. Ireland’s record compares favorably not just with other, much touted examples of economic success in the last few years, like the Netherlands and the US, but also with Asian “tigers,” even before the latter’s economic setbacks of the late 1990s. Understanding the sources of Ireland’s economic success is therefore relevant for a much wider audience than just the people of the Emerald Isle.Introduction 1. The development of the Irish social partnership 2. Does social partnership matter? 3. Multinationals, social partnership, and the “Irish disease” a) The role of multinationals b) The moral economy of wages and the “Irish disease” c) The effects of social partnership 4. The politics of wage restraint in Ireland a) Pro-partnership coalitions b) The problem of compliance 5. Concluding remarks Reference

Atmospheric circulation patterns, cloud-to-ground lightning, and locally intense convective rainfall associated with debris flow initiation in the Dolomite Alps of northeastern Italy

The Dolomite Alps of northeastern Italy experience debris flows with great frequency during the summer months. An ample supply of unconsolidated material on steep slopes and a summer season climate regime characterized by recurrent thunderstorms combine to produce an abundance of these destructive hydro-geologic events. In the past, debris flow events have been studied primarily in the context of their geologic and geomorphic characteristics. The atmospheric contribution to these mass-wasting events has been limited to recording rainfall and developing intensity thresholds for debris mobilization. This study aims to expand the examination of atmospheric processes that preceded both locally intense convective rainfall (LICR) and debris flows in the Dolomite region. 500 hPa pressure level plots of geopotential heights were constructed for a period of 3 days prior to debris flow events to gain insight into the synoptic-scale processes which provide an environment conducive to LICR in the Dolomites. Cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning flash data recorded at the meso-scale were incorporated to assess the convective environment proximal to debris flow source regions. Twelve events were analyzed and from this analysis three common synoptic-scale circulation patterns were identified. Evaluation of CG flashes at smaller spatial and temporal scales illustrated that convective processes vary in their production of CF flashes (total number) and the spatial distribution of flashes can also be quite different between events over longer periods. During the 60 min interval immediately preceding debris flow a majority of cases exhibited spatial and temporal colocation of LICR and CG flashes. Also a number of CG flash parameters were found to be significantly correlated to rainfall intensity prior to debris flow initiation

Acoustic charge transport in n-i-n three terminal device

We present an unconventional approach to realize acoustic charge transport devices that takes advantage from an original input region geometry in place of standard Ohmic input contacts. Our scheme is based on a n-i-n lateral junction as electron injector, an etched intrinsic channel, a standard Ohmic output contact and a pair of in-plane gates. We show that surface acoustic waves are able to pick up electrons from a current flowing through the n-i-n junction and steer them toward the output contact. Acoustic charge transport was studied as a function of the injector current and bias, the SAW power and at various temperatures. The possibility to modulate the acoustoelectric current by means of lateral in-plane gates is also discussed. The main advantage of our approach relies on the possibility to drive the n-i-n injector by means of both voltage or current sources, thus allowing to sample and process voltage and current signals as well.Comment: 9 pages, 3 figures. Submitted to Applied Physics Letter

Restoring an eroded legitimacy: the adaptation of nonfinancial disclosure after a scandal and the risk of hypocrisy

Purpose \u2013 This study contributes to the literature on hypocrisy in corporate social responsibility by investigating how organizations adapt their nonfinancial disclosure after a social, environmental or governance scandal. Design/methodology/approach \u2013 The present research employs content analysis of nonfinancial disclosures by 11 organizations during a 3-year timespan to investigate how they responded to major scandals in terms of social, environmental and sustainability reporting and a content analysis of independent counter accounts to detect the presence of views that contrast with the corporate disclosure and suggest hypocritical behaviors. Findings \u2013 Four patterns in the adaptation of reporting \u2013 genuine, allusive, evasive, indifferent \u2013 emerge from information collected on scandals and socially responsible actions. The type of scandal and cultural factors can influence the response to a scandal, as environmental and social scandal can attract more scrutiny than financial scandals. Companies exposed to environmental and social scandals are more likely to disclose information about the scandal and receive more coverage by external parties in the form of counter accounts. Originality/value \u2013 Using a theoretical framework based on legitimacy theory and organizational hypocrisy, the present research contributes to the investigation of the adaptation of reporting when a scandal occurs and during its aftermath

VvMYB60 expression is restricted to guard cells and correlates with stomatal conductance in the grape leaf

Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) is traditionally grown under non-irrigated field conditions in many cropping environments, including dry lands and semiarid regions. Good osmotic adjustment, architecture of the root system, xylem embolism and efficient stomatal control of water loss account for the drought resistance traits of the Vitis genus. Among these features, the regulation of stomatal activity is of particular relevance, as it directly shapes the isohydric versus anysohydric behaviour of different grape species and cultivars. Increasing evidence indicates a role for the transcriptional control of gene expression in modulating stomatal responses to both biotic and abiotic stimuli. R2R3 MYB transcription factors have been identified as key regulators of stomatal opening and transpirational water loss under stress in different plant species. We identified the grape gene VvMYB60 (VIT_08s0056g00800) as the functional ortholog of AtMYB60 (At1g08810), involved in the regulation of stomatal activity in Arabidopsis. Here, we report results from the analysis of VvMYB60 expression in the grape leaf, including: 1. The qPCR analyses of stomata-enriched grape epidermal fragments and lasermicrodissected guard cells; 2. The confocal analysis of grape leaves agro-infiltrated with the VvMYB60promoter::GFP construct; 3. The analysis of changes in VvMYB60 expression relatively to variations in stomatal conductance (gs) in plants grown under control or drought stress conditions. As a whole our data confirmed the guard cell-specificity of VvMYB60 expression in the grape leaf and revealed a positive correlation between gs and the relative abundance of the VvMYB60 transcripts, thus substantiating the notion of VvMYB60 being a transcriptional mediator of stomatal activity in grape

Theoretical and experimental analysis of an innovative dual-axis tracking linear Fresnel lenses concentrated solar thermal collector

Linear concentrating solar thermal systems offer a promising method for harvesting solar energy. In this paper, a model for a novel linear Fresnel lens collector with dual-axis tracking capability is presented. The main objective is to determine the performance curve of this technology by means of both experiment and theoretical analysis. A mathematical model including the optical model of the concentrator and the heat transfer model of the receiver pipe was developed. This tool was validated with experimental data collected using a proof of concept prototype installed in Bourne, UK. The performance curve of the collector was derived for temperatures between 40 °C and 90 °C. The results show that the global efficiency of the collector is limited to less than 20%. The energy losses have been analysed. The optical losses in the lens system accounts for 47% of the total energy dissipated. These are due to absorption, reflection and diffraction in the Fresnel lenses. Furthermore manufacturing error in the lens fabrication has to be considered. One third of the solar radiation collected is lost due to the low solar absorptance of the receiver pipe. Thermal radiation and convection accounts for 6% of the total as relatively low temperatures (up to 90 °C) are involved. In order to increase the performance of the system, it is recommended to install an evacuated receiver and to insulate the recirculation system. Considering data from manufacturers, these improvements could increase the global efficiency up to 55%. Utilising the results from this work, there is the intention of building an improved version of this prototype and to conduct further tests

Delocalized-localized transition in a semiconductor two-dimensional honeycomb lattice

We report the magneto-transport properties of a two-dimensional electron gas in a modulation-doped AlGaAs/GaAs heterostructure subjected to a lateral potential with honeycomb geometry. Periodic oscillations of the magneto-resistance and a delocalized-localized transition are shown by applying a gate voltage. We argue that electrons in such artificial-graphene lattices offer a promising approach for the simulation of quantum phases dictated by Coulomb interactions