Cryogenic Detectors for Rare Alpha Decay Search: A New Approach

The detection of $$^{148}$$ Sm alpha decay with a precise measured half-life of $$\left( {6.4_{-1.3}^{+1.2} }\right) \times 10^{15}y$$ and a Q-value of 1987.3 $$\pm$$ 0.5 keV was achieved by a new experimental approach, where a conventional ZnWO $$_{4}$$ scintillating crystal doped with enriched $$^{148}$$ Sm isotope is operated as a cryogenic scintillating bolometer (phonon and light channel) at mK-temperatures

High-pressure Raman spectroscopy and lattice-dynamics calculations on scintillating MgWO4: A comparison with isomorphic compounds

Raman scattering measurements and lattice-dynamics calculations have been performed on magnesium tungstate under high pressure up to 41 GPa. Experiments have been carried out under a selection of different pressure-media. The influence of non-hydrostaticity on the structural properties of MgWO4 and isomorphic compounds is examined. Under quasi-hydrostatic conditions a phase transition has been found at 26 GPa in MgWO4. The high-pressure phase has been tentatively assigned to a triclinic structure similar to that of CuWO4. We also report and discuss the Raman symmetries, frequencies, and pressure coefficients in the low- and high-pressure phases. In addition, the Raman frequencies for different wolframites are compared and the variation of the mode frequency with the reduced mass across the family is investigated. Finally, the accuracy of theoretical calculations is systematically discussed for MgWO4, MnWO4, FeWO4, CoWO4, NiWO4, ZnWO4, and CdWO4.Comment: 36 pages, 9 figures, 4 table

Radioactive contamination of ZnWO4 crystal scintillators

The radioactive contamination of ZnWO4 crystal scintillators has been measured deep underground at the Gran Sasso National Laboratory (LNGS) of the INFN in Italy with a total exposure 3197 kg x h. Monte Carlo simulation, time-amplitude and pulse-shape analyses of the data have been applied to estimate the radioactive contamination of the ZnWO4 samples. One of the ZnWO4 crystals has also been tested by ultra-low background gamma spectrometry. The radioactive contaminations of the ZnWO4 samples do not exceed 0.002 -- 0.8 mBq/kg (depending on the radionuclide), the total alpha activity is in the range: 0.2 - 2 mBq/kg. Particular radioactivity, beta active 65Zn and alpha active 180W, has been detected. The effect of the re-crystallization on the radiopurity of the ZnWO4 crystal has been studied. The radioactive contamination of samples of the ceramic details of the set-ups used in the crystals growth has been checked by low background gamma spectrometry. A project scheme on further improvement of the radiopurity level of the ZnWO4 crystal scintillators is briefly addressed.Comment: 15 pages, 8 figures, 6 tables, submitted for publicatio

УЛЬТРАСТРУКТУРНЫЕ НАРУШЕНИЯ ЯИЧНИКОВ ПРИ ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНОМ АУТОИММУННОМ ООФОРИТЕ И ИХ КОРРЕКЦИЯ ГЛЮКОКОРТИКОИДАМИ

Autoimmune oophoritis (AO) is characterized by damage of generative and endocrine elements of the ovaries and leads to the formation of secondary insufficiency of the gonads. A question about the use of glucocorticoids (GC) for the correction of AO remains debatable.Objective: to study the electron-microscopic changes of structural-tissue cells in autoimmune ovariano ophoritis and after its correction by glucocorticoids in the experiment.The material. The experiment was performed on outbred white Mature rats-female. The main group of animals (12 rats) were simulated AO by intra-peritoneal introduction of antigens of ovarian. At 5th day prednisolone was injected to rats («Nycomed», Austria) in the dose of 3 mg/kg of body weight intramuscularly 14-day course. A comparison group (12 rats) were the animals with the model AO no course Ledger therapy. Controlintact rats (6 animals). Taking of the material was carried out by the 20th and the 60th day.Methods. The study of the ultrastructure ovaries were performed using transmission electron microscopy. The material was fixed 2.5% glutaraldehyde, postfixed in 2% solution of osmium tetroxide, dehydrated in ethyl alcohols rising concentration and placed in a mixture of resins Epon-Araldite. Sections were prepared on Ultrotom III (LKB, Sweden). To view the drugs used an electron microscope JEM-7A (Japan). Results. On the 20th day of the pilot AO there are significant ultrastructural changes of vessels, concerning mainly endothelial layer. Degenerative and destructive changes affected endocrinocytes in the composition of the libraries and granular, овоциты majority of antral follicles. The 60-day pathologic processes involved and preantral follicles in the medulla develop perivascular fibrosis-sclerotic changes. Holding GC therapy on the 5th day AO reduces ultrastructural breach the walls of blood vessels, limits migration of immune cells in the home defeat on the 20th day. By the 60th day in the conditions of the restored the blood tissue transport is the formation of full-fledged generative elements, confirmed by the results of electron microscopy study.Conclusion. The obtained experimental data are demonstrated the therapeutic efficacy of the GC-therapy in the early stages of AO.Аутоиммунный оофорит (АО) характеризуется повреждением генеративных и эндокринных элементов яичников и приводит к формированию вторичной недостаточности гонад. Вопрос об использовании глюкокортикоидов (ГК) для коррекции АО остается дискуссионным.Цель исследования – изучить электронно-микроскопические изменения структурно-тканевых элементов яичников при аутоиммунном оофорите и после его коррекции глюкокортикоидами в эксперименте.Материал. Эксперимент проведен на беспородных белых половозрелых крысах-самках. Основной группе животных (12 крыс) путем интраперитонеального введения овариальных антигенов моделировали АО. С 5-х сут крысам вводили преднизолон («Никомед», Австрия) в дозе 3 мг/кг массы тела внутримышечно 14-дневным курсом. Группой сравнения (12 крыс) служили животные с моделью АО без курса ГК терапии. Контроль – интактные крысы (6 животных). Взятие материала осуществляли на 20-е и 60-е сут.Методы. Изучение ультраструктуры яичников проводили с помощью трансмиссионной электронной микроскопии. Материал фиксировали в 2,5%-м глютаральдегиде, постфиксировали в 2%-м растворе четырехокиси осмия, дегидратировали в этиловых спиртах восходящей концентрации и заливали в смесь смол эпон-аралдит. Срезы готовили на ультратоме Ultrotom III (LKB, Швеция). Для просмотра препаратов использовали электронный микроскоп JEM-7A (Япония).Результаты. На 20-е сут экспериментального АО возникают существенные ультраструктурные изменения сосудов, касающиеся, главным образом, эндотелиального слоя. Дегенеративным и деструктивным изменениям подвержены эндокриноциты в составе теки и гранулезы, овоциты большинства антральных фолликулов. К 60-м суткам в патологические процессы вовлечены и преантральные фолликулы, в мозговом веществе развиваются периваскулярные фиброзносклеротические изменения. Проведение ГК терапии на 5-е сут АО уменьшает ультраструктурные нарушения стенки кровеносных сосудов, ограничивает миграцию иммунокомпетентных клеток в очаг поражения на 20-е сут. К 60-м сут в условиях восстановленного гематотканевого транспорта происходит формирование полноценных генеративных элементов, подтвержденное с помощью результатов электронно-микроскопического исследования.Вывод. Полученные экспериментальные данные демонстрируют терапевтическую эффективность ГК-терапии на ранних стадиях АО

Влияние глюкокортикоидной терапии на морфофункциональное состояние яичников при экспериментальном аутоиммунном оофорите

The effect of glucocorticoids (GC) on the character and dynamics of changes in various tissue elements of the ovaries were studied in an experimental model of autoimmune oophoritis using histological and histochemical techniques. The content of antiovarian antibodies (AOA) was determined in the serum of experimental animals by enzyme immunoassay. Not enough effective action of GC therapy was found on the immediate and long-term results. Dynamic decrease of AOA and normalization of the specific volumes of the generative elements were accompanied by increased follicular atresia. Most of the generative structures were destructively modified.На экспериментальной модели аутоиммунного оофорита проведено изучение влияния глюкокортикоидов на характер и динамику изменений различных тканевых элементов яичников с использованием гистологических и гистохимических методик, определено содержание антиовариальных антител (АОА) в сыворотке крови экспериментальных животных методом иммуноферментного анализа. Установлено недостаточно эффективное действие глюкокортикоидной терапии по непосредственным и отдаленным результатам. Динамическое снижение АОА, нормализация удельных объемов генеративных элементов сопровождаются усиленными атретическими процессами, большинство генеративных структур остаются деструктивно измененными

Проявления аутоиммунных процессов в яичниках при воспалительных заболеваниях органов малого таза у женщин

A retrospective analysis of clinical and laboratory data of women with inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs was performed. It was shown that the inflammatory changes of genital tract and pelvic adhesions lead to the development of autoimmune ovarian lesions.Проведен ретроспективный анализ клинико-лабораторных данных женщин с воспалительными заболеваниями органов малого таза. Установлено, что выраженные воспалительные изменения генитального тракта и спаечный процесс малого таза способствуют развитию аутоиммунного поражения яичников

Effect of glucocorticoid treatment on ovarian morphology and function in experimental autoimmune oophoritis

The effect of glucocorticoids (GC) on the character and dynamics of changes in various tissue elements of the ovaries were studied in an experimental model of autoimmune oophoritis using histological and histochemical techniques. The content of antiovarian antibodies (AOA) was determined in the serum of experimental animals by enzyme immunoassay. Not enough effective action of GC therapy was found on the immediate and long-term results. Dynamic decrease of AOA and normalization of the specific volumes of the generative elements were accompanied by increased follicular atresia. Most of the generative structures were destructively modified

AUTOIMMUNE OOPHORITIS AND THEIR CORRECTION BY GLUCOCORTICOIDS

Autoimmune oophoritis (AO) is characterized by damage of generative and endocrine elements of the ovaries and leads to the formation of secondary insufficiency of the gonads. A question about the use of glucocorticoids (GC) for the correction of AO remains debatable.Objective: to study the electron-microscopic changes of structural-tissue cells in autoimmune ovariano ophoritis and after its correction by glucocorticoids in the experiment.The material. The experiment was performed on outbred white Mature rats-female. The main group of animals (12 rats) were simulated AO by intra-peritoneal introduction of antigens of ovarian. At 5th day prednisolone was injected to rats («Nycomed», Austria) in the dose of 3 mg/kg of body weight intramuscularly 14-day course. A comparison group (12 rats) were the animals with the model AO no course Ledger therapy. Controlintact rats (6 animals). Taking of the material was carried out by the 20th and the 60th day.Methods. The study of the ultrastructure ovaries were performed using transmission electron microscopy. The material was fixed 2.5% glutaraldehyde, postfixed in 2% solution of osmium tetroxide, dehydrated in ethyl alcohols rising concentration and placed in a mixture of resins Epon-Araldite. Sections were prepared on Ultrotom III (LKB, Sweden). To view the drugs used an electron microscope JEM-7A (Japan). Results. On the 20th day of the pilot AO there are significant ultrastructural changes of vessels, concerning mainly endothelial layer. Degenerative and destructive changes affected endocrinocytes in the composition of the libraries and granular, овоциты majority of antral follicles. The 60-day pathologic processes involved and preantral follicles in the medulla develop perivascular fibrosis-sclerotic changes. Holding GC therapy on the 5th day AO reduces ultrastructural breach the walls of blood vessels, limits migration of immune cells in the home defeat on the 20th day. By the 60th day in the conditions of the restored the blood tissue transport is the formation of full-fledged generative elements, confirmed by the results of electron microscopy study.Conclusion. The obtained experimental data are demonstrated the therapeutic efficacy of the GC-therapy in the early stages of AO