299 research outputs found
Non-uniform chiral and 2SC color superconducting phases, taking into account the non-zero current quark mass
We have shown, that the possibility of the existence of the mixed phase of
the non-uniform chiral (NCh) and the color superconducting (2SC) ground state
depends significantly on the choice of the parameters and type of the
regularization scheme. Our calculations indicates, that in the 3d cut-off
regularization scheme, the mixed region of the NCh and the 2SC phases exists
for a broad set of NJL model parameters. However, in the Schwinger
regularization scheme, if parameters are fitted to the physical quantities in
the vacuum, then, the mixed region of the NCh and the 2SC phases does not
exists
Phase diagram of the non-uniform chiral condensate in different regularization schemes at T=0
We show that the qualitative picture of the phase diagram which includes the
non-uniform chiral phase and 2SC superconducting phase is independent of the
considered regularization schemes. We also demonstrate that the quantitative
results agree with each other reasonably for the set of so called
"relativistic" regularization schemes. On the other hand the "non-relativistic"
momentum cut-off is clearly differ from the others
Fine-Needle Aspirates of Thyroid Microcarcinoma
Introduction
Widespread use of ultrasound allows for detection of smaller thyroid nodules and preoperative evaluation with fine-needle aspiration (FNA). Both incidental and non-incidental microcarcinoma can be found, leading to uncertainty with clinical management.
Materials and methods
A retrospective analysis of thyroid FNAs performed at our institution was conducted for the 5-year period from 2010 to 2014. Aspirates were categorized using the Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology. Cytologic diagnoses were then correlated with final histopathology. Among samples with malignancy on surgical resection, nodules were stratified by size.
Results
A total of 2531 thyroid FNAs were identified; 587 samples had histologic correlation, and 259 malignancies were reported. They were separated into nodules >1 cm (n = 144, 56%) and â€1 cm (n = 115, 44%). Microcarcinoma was further subdivided into incidental (size â€0.5 cm, n = 55, 48%) and non-incidental (size >0.5 cm and â€1 cm, n = 60, 52%). The preoperative cytologic diagnoses for incidental microcarcinoma were: benign (B, n = 11, 20%), follicular lesion of undetermined significance (FLUS, n = 15, 27%), follicular neoplasm (FN, n = 11, 20%), suspicious for malignancy (SM, n = 7, 13%), malignant (M, n = 8, 15%), and nondiagnostic (ND, n = 3, 5%). The FNA categories for non-incidental microcarcinoma were: B (n = 13, 22%), FLUS (n = 3, 5%), FN (n = 3, 5%), SM (n = 10, 17%), M (n = 29, 48%), and ND (n = 2, 3%).
Conclusions
Incidental microcarcinoma is not an uncommon entity, making up 21% (55 of 259) of malignant nodules on thyroidectomy. Indeterminate diagnoses (FLUS + FN + SM) accounted for the majority (60%) of preoperative FNAs for incidental microcarcinoma, compared with 27% for those of non-incidental microcarcinoma (P < 0.05, Ï2 test)
Baseline Mapping of Phragmites australis (Common Reed) In Three Coastal Mississippi Estuarine Basins
Over the last two decades, the northern Gulf of Mexico has undergone tremendous growth and development that has resulted in extensive and ongoing habitat modification. We had the opportunity to survey the main channels and bayous of three coastal estuarine basins for the presence and coverage of the invasive Phragmites australis (common reed). The occurrence and area of P. australis was highly variable among the lower Pascagoula River, Back Bay of Biloxi, and St. Louis Bay basins, with the largest amount of coverage (0.489 km(2)) found within the lower Pascagoula River basin and the smallest in Back Bay of Biloxi (0.0056 km(2)). Monospecific-stand coverage (47.2%) dominated both mixed-tree (27.2%) and mixed-marsh (26.6%) coverages in the lower Pascagoula River basin, whereas in the Back Bay of Biloxi, mixed-marsh coverage (71.4%) was greater than monospecific-stand (25.0%) and mixed-tree (3.6%) coverages. The only portion of St, Louis Bay containing P. australis (0.069 km(2)) was near the mouth of the Jourdan River, with monospecific-stand (62.3%) dominating the mixed-marsh (36.2%) and mixed-tree (1.5%) coverages. Although we were not able to survey all possible areas of each estuarine basin, the information gained in this study provides baseline data on the occurrence of this invasive species in the three main Mississippi coastal basins. Future monitoring of the spread of common reed, especially in the light of continued coastal development, is necessary if resource managers are to make informed decisions about which management action (water diversions and restoration scenarios) might positively influence this highly invasive native species
Andreev reflection between a normal metal and the FFLO superconductor
We consider a process of the Andreev reflection between a normal metal and
the s-wave superconductor in the FFLO state. It is shown that the process takes
place if the energy of the incoming electron is bound within the finite
interval called the Andreev window. The position of the window determines the
value of the non-zero total momentum of Cooper pairs and the value of the gap
Utilization of direct smears of thyroid fineâneedle aspirates for ancillary molecular testing: A comparison of two proprietary testing platforms
Background
Ancillary molecular testing has been recommended for thyroid fineâneedle aspirates (FNA) with indeterminate cytologic diagnoses. Rosetta Genomics and Interpace Diagnostics have developed assays that can utilize direct smears as the testing substrate.
Methods
A retrospective study of indeterminate thyroid FNAs with known histologic followâup was performed. One DiffâQuikâstained smear and one Papanicolaouâstained smear with similar cellularity (at least 60â100 lesional cells) from each case were sent to Rosetta and Interpace, respectively, for analysis. The results were directly compared and correlated with the final histopathology. Neither company was aware of the followâup histologic findings in these cases.
Results
A total of 10 thyroid FNAs were identified from our 2015 files. The cytologic diagnoses included follicular lesion of undetermined significance (FLUS, nâ=â5), follicular neoplasm/suspicious for follicular neoplasm (FN/SFN, nâ=â4), and suspicious for malignancy (SM, nâ=â1). Of the seven cases with benign histology, six smears were classified as benign by the RosettaGX microRNA classifier, and one case was designated as suspicious. Five cases were negative by both ThyGenX oncogene panel and ThyraMIR microRNA classifier. One case was negative by ThyGenX and positive on followâup ThyraMIR, and one case was positive for KRAS mutation and positive on ThyraMIR. Both the RosettaGX and ThyGenX/ThyraMIR tests demonstrated positive results for the three histologically malignant cases.
Conclusion
This study demonstrates that two molecular testing platforms performed equally well using our stained direct smears. Both molecular tests revealed a 100% negative predictive rate. RosettaGX showed a 75% positive predictive value in comparison to 60% for ThyGenX/ThyraMIR
Modular Equations and Distortion Functions
Modular equations occur in number theory, but it is less known that such
equations also occur in the study of deformation properties of quasiconformal
mappings. The authors study two important plane quasiconformal distortion
functions, obtaining monotonicity and convexity properties, and finding sharp
bounds for them. Applications are provided that relate to the quasiconformal
Schwarz Lemma and to Schottky's Theorem. These results also yield new bounds
for singular values of complete elliptic integrals.Comment: 23 page
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