Vortices in Spatially Inhomogeneous Superfluids

We study vortices in a radially inhomogeneous superfluid, as realized by a trapped degenerate Bose gas in a uniaxially symmetric potential. We show that, in contrast to a homogeneous superfluid, an off-axis vortex corresponds to an anisotropic superflow whose profile strongly depends on the distance to the trap axis. One consequence of this superflow anisotropy is vortex precession about the trap axis in the absence of an imposed rotation. In the complementary regime of a finite prescribed rotation, we compute the minimum-energy vortex density, showing that in the rapid-rotation limit it is extremely uniform, despite a strongly inhomogeneous (nearly) Thomas-Fermi condensate density $\rho_s(r)$. The weak radially-dependent contribution ($\propto \nabla^2\ln\rho_s(r)$) to the vortex distribution, that vanishes with the number of vortices $N_v$ as $\frac{1}{N_v}$, arises from the interplay between vortex quantum discretness (namely their inability to faithfully support the imposed rigid-body rotation) and the inhomogeneous superfluid density. This leads to an enhancement of the vortex density at the center of a typical concave trap, a prediction that is in quantitative agreement with recent experiments (cond-mat/0405240). One striking consequence of the inhomogeneous vortex distribution is an azimuthally-directed, radially-shearing superflow.Comment: 22 RevTeX pages, 20 figures, Submitted to PR

Coulomb Charging Effects in an Open Quantum Dot

Low-temperature transport properties of a lateral quantum dot formed by overlaying finger gates in a clean one-dimensional channel are investigated. Continuous and periodic oscillations superimposed upon ballistic conductance steps are observed, when the conductance G of the dot changes within a wide range 0<G<6e^2/h. Calculations of the electrostatics confirm that the measured periodic conductance oscillations correspond to successive change of the total charge of the dot by $e$. By modelling the transport it is shown that the progression of the Coulomb oscillations into the region G>2e^2/h may be due to suppression of inter-1D-subband scattering. Fully transmitted subbands contribute to coherent background of conductance, while sequential tunneling via weakly transmitted subbands leads to Coulomb charging of the dot.Comment: 12 pages, RevTeX, 15 eps figures included, submitted to Phys. Rev.

Determination of Safety Indicators in the Developed Muffins with Non-traditional Raw Materials

The aim of research is studying the effect of unconventional raw materials (buckwheat, oatmeal, rye, corn, milk whey, skimmed milk powder, propolis, flower pollen, bean powder, sesame oil, pumpkin seed oil, walnut oil, walnut kernels, candied fruit mixes (apple-cherry fruits of bilberries, natural honey with floral pollen, natural honey with propolis) for the quality and safety of new muffins. The article analyzes the results of the study of the quality and safety indicators of muffins of improved composition, manufactured using non-traditional raw materials. For the preparation of new types of muffins, part of the wheat flour was replaced with buckwheat, corn, oat, milk whey, skimmed milk powder and additives of vegetable origin. Margarine has been replaced by vegetable oils. It has been established that flour confectionery products have high organoleptic properties. From the physico-chemical parameters, the mass fraction of total sugar was determined, which ranged from 28.17 % to 33.07 %, the mass fraction of fat – 16.2–20.66 %, the mass fraction of moisture – 18.0–22.0, mass fraction of ash – 0.03–1.3 %, alkalinity – 0.03–1.8°, the content of toxic elements (copper, zinc, lead, cadmium, arsenic, mercury) and microbiological indicators were also determined. Based on the data obtained as a research result, the expediency of using non-traditional raw materials to expand the range of flour confectionery products, in particular muffins is substantiated

Excitation spectroscopy of vortex lattices in a rotating Bose-Einstein condensate

Excitation spectroscopy of vortex lattices in rotating Bose-Einstein condensates is described. We numerically obtain the Bogoliubov-deGenne quasiparticle excitations for a broad range of energies and analyze them in the context of the complex dynamics of the system. Our work is carried out in a regime in which standard hydrodynamic assumptions do not hold, and includes features not readily contained within existing treatments.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures. Submitted for publicatio

Аналіз поліморфізму IL-6-174C/G у мешканців України як перспектива біомедичних та фармакогенетичних варіантів застосування

It is reliably determined that the presence of the G allele in the 174C/G polymorphic region of the IL-6 gene promoter and a higher level of IL-6 are more commonly observed among patients suffering from various metabolic disorders and obesity, malignant tumors, type 2 diabetes, periodontitis, oxidative stress. Over time, muscle damage and inflammation processes develop. Aim. To study the frequency of the IL-6-174C/G single nucleotide polymorphism in the Ukrainian population. Materials and methods. Buccal swab samples for the DNA analysis were collected from 102 healthy volunteers (48 males, 54 females, Ukrainian residents, predominantly ethnical Ukrainians). Genotyping to determine the IL-6-174C/G polymorphism was performed on DNA samples from the buccal epithelium using the polymerase chain reaction followed by RELP. Control of the genotype distribution for compliance with the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium was performed using the χ2 criterion. Results and discussion. The distribution of genotypes of the IL-6-174C/G polymorphism in the Ukrainian population samples was as follows: CC – 46 %, CG – 49 %, and GG – 5 % of residents. The frequency of the IL-6-174C/G polymorphism allele in the population was pС – 0.71 and qG – 0.29. The population structure did not deviate from the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium since there was no difference between the theoretically expected and actual frequencies of three genotypes. Conclusion. The data obtained demonstrates the presence of the IL-6-174C/G polymorphism in the Ukrainian population.Достовірно доведено, що наявність алеля G у поліморфній ділянці 174C/G промотора гена IL-6 та більш високий рівень IL-6 частіше спостерігають у пацієнтів із різними метаболічними розладами та ожирінням, злоякісними пухлинами, цукровим діабетом 2 типу, пародонтитом, окислювальним стресом. Згодом розвиваються ураження м’язів і запальні процеси. Метою нашого дослідження було вивчити частоту однонуклеотидного поліморфізму IL-6-174C/G в українській популяції. Матеріали та методи. У 102 здорових добровольців (48 чоловіків, 54 жінки, жителі України, переважно етнічні українці) взято букальні мазки для аналізу ДНК. Генотипування для визначення поліморфізму IL-6-174C/G проводили на зразках ДНК букального епітелію за допомогою полімеразної ланцюгової реакції з подальшим RELP. Контроль розподілу генотипу на відповідність рівновазі Гарді–Вайнберга здійснювали за критерієм χ2. Результати. Розподіл генотипів поліморфізму IL-6-174C/G у популяційних вибірках України був такий: CC – 46 %, CG – 49 %, GG – 5 % жителів. Частота алеля поліморфізму IL-6-174C/G у популяції становить pС – 0,71 та qG – 0,29. Структура популяції не відхилялася від рівноваги Гарді–Вайнберга, бо немає різниці між теоретично очікуваною та фактичною частотами трьох генотипів. Висновок. Отримані дані свідчать про наявність поліморфізму IL-6-174C/G в українській популяції

Quantum corrections to the conductivity and Hall coefficient of a 2D electron gas in a dirty AlGaAs/GaAs/AlGaAs quantum well: transition from diffusive to ballistic regime

We report an experimental study of the quantum corrections to the longitudinal conductivity and the Hall coefficient of a low mobility, high density two-dimensional two-dimensional electron gas in a AlGaAs/GaAs/AlGaAs quantum well in a wide temperature range (1.5 K - 110 K). This temperature range covers both the diffusive and the ballistic interaction regimes for our samples. It was therefore possible to study the crossover region for the longitudinal conductivity and the Hall effect

Temperature effect on the temporal dynamic of terrestrial invertebrates in technosols formed after reclamation at a post-mining site in Ukrainian steppe drylands

The research was carried out at the Research Centre of the Dnipro State Agrarian and Economic University in Pokrov city. Sampling was carried out in 2013–2015 on a variant of artificial soil (technosols) formed on loess-like loam, red-brown clay, green-grey clay, technological mixture of rocks, and also formed on loess-like loam with a humus-rich 70 cm top soil layer. To&nbsp;investigate the spatiotemporal variation in the abundance, species richness and species composition of invertebrate assemblages within the experimental polygon, the animals were sampled using pitfall traps. In total, 60 pitfall traps were operated simultaneously during each sampling period. Each year the pitfalls were emptied 26 times every 7–9 days. Invertebrates (Arthropoda and Mollusca) of 6 classes, 13 orders, 50 families and 202 species or parataxonomic units were recorded. Diplopoda was most abundant taxonomic group, though it was represented by only one species Rossiulus kessleri (Lohmander, 1927). Coleoptera and Araneae were the most numerous taxonomic groups. Readily available water for plants, precipitation, wind speed, atmospheric temperature (daily minimum, daily maximum, daily mean), atmospheric humidity and atmospheric pressure were used as environmental predictors. Two dimension geographic coordinates of the sampling locations were used to generate a set of orthogonal eigenvector-based spatial variables. Time series of sampling dates were used to generate a set of orthogonal eigenvector-based temporal variables. The moisture content in the technosols was revealed to be the most important factor determining the temporal dynamics of the terrestrial invertebrate community in conditions of semi-arid climate and the ecosystem which formed as a result of the reclamation process. Following soil moisture, the factor most strongly affecting invertebrates in the technosols was temperature. From the total set of the invertebrates, two relatively homogeneous species groups in terms of thermal preferences were extracted: the microtemperature and mesotemperature groups. The microtemperature species are more tolerant to the thermal factor, and the mesotemperature species are more sensitive. The Huisman-Olff-Fresco approach expanded by Jansen-Oksanen provides a wide set of ecologically relevant models which are able to explain species response. The species response to temperature is affected by a complex of other environmental, temporal and spatial factors. The effect of other factors on the species response must be previously extracted to find real estimations of the species temperature optima and tolerance. The approaches to solving this problem may be the object of future investigation

Efficiency of local therapy with the use of a new preparation for oral care at periodontitis in the course of hyperpeptic gastritis after tobacco smoke intoxication

Periodontal diseases, arising against a background of stomach pathology at tobacco addiction remain an acute problem of modern dentistry. The aim of the work is an experimental study of efficiency of application of the new preparation for oral care during treatment of periodontitis simulated against a background of hyperpeptic gastritis under conditions of intoxication by tobacco smoke. At the first stage all experimental animals were divided into 4 groups: І - intact, II - with simulated periodontitis, III - with simulated periodontitis against a background of simulated hyperpeptic gastritis, IV - with simulated periodontitis against a background of hyperpeptic gastritis under conditions of tobacco smoking. Biochemical researches at periodontitis in rats were conducted for determination of influencing stomach pathology and tobacco smoke. On the II stage efficiency of local therapy was studied with the use of the new preparation for oral care and a comparator agent.Results: At experimental periodontitis against a background of hyperpeptic gastritis under conditions of smoking the considerable changes in periodontal tissues typical for the inflammatory process develop. The local therapy at rats with the use of the new preparation resulted in accelerating removing harmful influence of damaging factors and restoring the state of periodontal tissues, than in case of application of the comparator agent. The efficiency of the new preparation consists in normalizing influence on processes of lipid peroxidation, inflammation and activation of the protective systems of oral cavity during periodontitis which arises up against a background of hyperpeptic gastritis