1,180 research outputs found
Zastosowanie programu gwarancji dla zdrowia jamy ustnej w opiece nad kobietą w ciąży w rodzinnym centrum zdrowia w Concepción, Chile, w latach 2014–2015
Indexación: Scopus.Background. Oral health plays a crucial role in general health, quality of life and well-being of pregnant women and their newborns. In Chile, pregnant women have dental care guaranteed by law. However, due to the lack of previous epidemiological studies on the benefits of this guarantee, it is necessary to describe this situation and evaluate the need to change the methods of providing dental services. Objectives. The objective of this study was to describe the pattern of providing dental benefits resulting from the Explicit Health Guarantee – Integral Oral Health in Pregnant Women (GES-SOIE) program to pregnant women attending the Juan Soto Fernández Family Health Center, Concepción, Chile, in 2014–2015. Material and methods. A cross-sectional study of the electronic dental records of patients admitted to GES-SOIE was conducted. The variables studied were sociodemographic data, dental chair hours, non-attendance, treatment completion, and the type of referral to secondary healthcare (SHC). Results. Of 233 pregnant women, 65.2% were registered for non-attendance, 21.2% required referral to SHC and 76.4% completed their treatment. When performing logistic regression, it was found that for each non-attendance the chance of not completing the treatment increased 1.4 times. Conclusions. The level of non-attendance and opting out of the treatment in pregnant women is high, which hinders the proper functioning and effectiveness of GES-SOIE. © 2018 by Wroclaw Medical University and Polish Dental Society.http://www.dmp.umed.wroc.pl/en/article/2018/55/2/179
Biomaterials from beer manufacture waste for bone growth scaffolds
Agricultural wastes are a source of renewable raw materials (RRM), with structures that can be tailored for the use envisaged. Here, they have proved to be good replacement candidates for use as biomaterials for the growth of osteoblasts in bone replacement therapies. Their preparation is more cost effective than that of materials presently in use with the added bonus of converting a low-cost waste into a value-added product. Due to their origin these solids are ecomaterials. In this study, several techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), chemical analysis, mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and bioassays, were used to compare the biocompatibility and cell growth of scaffolds produced from beer bagasse, a waste material from beer production, with a control sample used in bone and dental regenerative processes
Safety assessment of chronic oral exposure to iron oxide nanoparticles
Iron oxide nanoparticles with engineered physical and biochemical properties are finding a rapidly increasing number of biomedical applications. However, a wide variety of safety concerns, especially those related to oral exposure, still need to be addressed for iron oxide nanoparticles in order to reach clinical practice. Here, we report on the effects of chronic oral exposure to low doses of γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles in growing chickens. Animal observation, weight, and diet intake reveal no adverse signs, symptoms, or mortality. No nanoparticle accumulation was observed in liver, spleen, and duodenum, with feces as the main excretion route. Liver iron level and duodenal villi morphology reflect the bioavailability of the iron released from the partial transformation of γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles in the acid gastric environment. Duodenal gene expression studies related to the absorption of iron from γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles indicate the enhancement of a ferric over ferrous pathway supporting the role of mucins. Our findings reveal that oral administration of iron oxide nanoparticles is a safe route for drug delivery at low nanoparticle doses.Peer Reviewe
The Freundlich model of adsorption for calculation of specific surface areaS
The specific surface area of solids and the surface area occupied by the active phase (metal or oxide) on a support are parameters of the utmost importance in adsorption and catalysis. For the determination of the former, the BET equation is universally established. For the evaluation of the latter the works of selective chemisorption, initiated by Emmett and Brunauer (I ), for metals and by Bridges et al. (2) and Weller et al. (3), for oxides have come to represent important contributions. Some of the classical models of adsorption have also been used for evaluation of specific surfaces (Langmuir equation) (4) and the dispersion of supported metals or oxides (Freundlich equation) (5). Both of them are applicable to physisorption as well as chemisorption processes
The societal cost of Huntington’s disease:are we underestimating the burden?
Background and purpose
Approximately 9000 people in the UK are affected by Huntington's disease (HD). People with HD require ongoing health and social care support. There is a knowledge gap about costs of health and social care use associated with HD in the UK. This paper estimates the economic cost in the UK.
Methods
Data on UK patients for the year 2013 were extracted from the European Huntington's Disease Network REGISTRY study, a full clinical dataset, including the full medical history and medication history for patients with HD. National unit costs for the price year 2013 were applied to health and social care services.
Results
Data were available for 131 people. The mean annual cost per person with HD was £21 605. The largest proportion of this cost (65%) was due to informal care (£14 085).
Conclusions
Informal care was the largest driver of costs across all stages of HD; thus there is a need to also consider the needs of carers when planning services for people with HD
Modelo analítico para el transporte electrónico en películas delgadas semiconductoras
Polycrystalline semiconductors are materials who often exhibit unusual electrical properties. In the model we assume that the crystals are composed of semiconductor material, the grain itself, which is surrounded by highly disordered and resistive materials, the grain boundary. The grain boundary disturbs the structural regularity of the crystal giving rise to localized electronic states within the energy gap. The existence of these states promotes the charge trapping at the grain boundaries and the bending of the energy bands. This bending is characterized by a potential barrier and a space charge zone which control the electron transport through the grain boundary. The model uses the diusion and drift carriers theories, and thermoionic emission, and the quantum tunneling of carriers through the potential barrier was also taken into consideration. Since the structure of the thin lms of molybdenum trioxide (MoO3) obtained through spray pyrolysis is granular and nanosize, the model described the behavior of the current-voltage characteristic (I-V) of the films.Los semiconductores policristalinos son materiales que a menudo exhiben propiedades eléctricas inusuales. En el modelo suponemos que los cristales están compuestos de material semiconductor, el grano mismo, que está rodeado de materiales altamente desordenados y resistentes, el límite del grano. El límite de grano perturba la regularidad estructural del cristal, dando lugar a estados electrónicos localizados dentro de la brecha de energía. La existencia de estos estados promueve la captura de carga en los límites del grano y la flexión de las bandas de energía. Esta flexión se caracteriza por una barrera potencial y una zona de carga espacial que controlan el transporte de electrones a través del límite del grano. El modelo utiliza las teorías de los portadores de deriva y deriva, y la emisión termoiónica, y también se tuvo en cuenta el túnel cuántico de los portadores a través de la barrera potencial. Dado que la estructura de las películas finas de trióxido de molibdeno (MoO3) obtenidas a través de la pirólisis por pulverización es granular y de tamaño nanométrico, el modelo describió el comportamiento de la característica de corriente-voltaje (I-V) de las películas
Uptake of N-acetylneuraminic acid by Escherichia coli K-235. Biochemical characterization of the transport system
A Comparative Study of Machine Learning Regression Methods on LiDAR Data: A Case Study
Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) is a remote sensor
able to extract vertical information from sensed objects. LiDAR-derived
information is nowadays used to develop environmental models for describing
fire behaviour or quantifying biomass stocks in forest areas. A
multiple linear regression (MLR) with previous stepwise feature selection
is the most common method in the literature to develop LiDAR-derived
models. MLR defines the relation between the set of field measurements
and the statistics extracted from a LiDAR flight. Machine learning has
recently been paid an increasing attention to improve classic MLR results.
Unfortunately, few studies have been proposed to compare the
quality of the multiple machine learning approaches. This paper presents
a comparison between the classic MLR-based methodology and common
regression techniques in machine learning (neural networks, regression
trees, support vector machines, nearest neighbour, and ensembles such
as random forests). The selected techniques are applied to real LiDAR
data from two areas in the province of Lugo (Galizia, Spain). The results
show that support vector regression statistically outperforms the rest of
techniques when feature selection is applied. However, its performance
cannot be said statistically different from that of Random Forests when
previous feature selection is skipped
Body Composition Evaluation and Clinical Markers of Cardiometabolic Risk in Patients with Phenylketonuria
Cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of mortality worldwide. Patients with phenylketonuria (PKU) may be at increased cardiovascular risk. This review provides an overview of clinical and metabolic cardiovascular risk factors, explores the connections between body composition (including fat mass and ectopic fat) and cardiovascular risk, and examines various methods for evaluating body composition. It particularly focuses on nutritional ultrasound, given its emerging availability and practical utility in clinical settings. Possible causes of increased cardiometabolic risk in PKU are also explored, including an increased intake of carbohydrates, chronic exposure to amino acids, and characteristics of microbiota. It is important to evaluate cardiovascular risk factors and body composition in patients with PKU. We suggest systematic monitoring of body composition to develop nutritional management and hydration strategies to optimize performance within the limits of nutritional therapy.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
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