13,198 research outputs found
A Virtual Element Method for elastic and inelastic problems on polytope meshes
We present a Virtual Element Method (VEM) for possibly nonlinear elastic and
inelastic problems, mainly focusing on a small deformation regime. The
numerical scheme is based on a low-order approximation of the displacement
field, as well as a suitable treatment of the displacement gradient. The
proposed method allows for general polygonal and polyhedral meshes, it is
efficient in terms of number of applications of the constitutive law, and it
can make use of any standard black-box constitutive law algorithm. Some
theoretical results have been developed for the elastic case. Several numerical
results within the 2D setting are presented, and a brief discussion on the
extension to large deformation problems is included
Four-body Efimov effect
We study three same spin state fermions of mass M interacting with a
distinguishable particle of mass m in the unitary limit where the interaction
has a zero range and an infinite s-wave scattering length. We predict an
interval of mass ratio 13.384 < M/m < 13.607 where there exists a purely
four-body Efimov effect, leading to the occurrence of weakly bound tetramers
without Efimov trimers.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure
Conocimiento didáctico del contenido curricular del profesorado de Química
Esta comunicación presenta los resultados finales del proyecto El conocimiento didáctico del contenido curricular, CDCC: una estrategia sustentada en el diseño de tramas conceptuales, financiado por el Centro de investigaciones de la UPN, (CIUP: DQU-025-07). Las preguntas centrales fueron: ¿cuáles son los referentes teórico/prácticos que definen el CDCC, de qué manera el CDCC le permite al profesorado de química diseñar Tramas Histórico Epistemológicas (THE) y tramas didácticas (TD), qué aspectos tienen en cuenta al seleccionar, diseñan e implementan los contenidos de enseñanza en química? El trabajo se realizó con profesores de química en formación inicial (PFI) de educación media en Bogotá, durante el 2007 y 2008, que hacían su práctica pedagógica/didáctica y profesores en ejercicio, PE que tienen varios años de experiencia docente
A census of Oph candidate members from Gaia DR2
The Ophiuchus cloud complex is one of the best laboratories to study the
earlier stages of the stellar and protoplanetary disc evolution. The wealth of
accurate astrometric measurements contained in the Gaia Data Release 2 can be
used to update the census of Ophiuchus member candidates. We seek to find
potential new members of Ophiuchus and identify those surrounded by a
circumstellar disc. We constructed a control sample composed of 188 bona fide
Ophiuchus members. Using this sample as a reference we applied three different
density-based machine learning clustering algorithms (DBSCAN, OPTICS, and
HDBSCAN) to a sample drawn from the Gaia catalogue centred on the Ophiuchus
cloud. The clustering analysis was applied in the five astrometric dimensions
defined by the three-dimensional Cartesian space and the proper motions in
right ascension and declination. The three clustering algorithms systematically
identify a similar set of candidate members in a main cluster with astrometric
properties consistent with those of the control sample. The increased
flexibility of the OPTICS and HDBSCAN algorithms enable these methods to
identify a secondary cluster. We constructed a common sample containing 391
member candidates including 166 new objects, which have not yet been discussed
in the literature. By combining the Gaia data with 2MASS and WISE photometry,
we built the spectral energy distributions from 0.5 to 22\microm for a subset
of 48 objects and found a total of 41 discs, including 11 Class II and 1 Class
III new discs. Density-based clustering algorithms are a promising tool to
identify candidate members of star forming regions in large astrometric
databases. If confirmed, the candidate members discussed in this work would
represent an increment of roughly 40% of the current census of Ophiuchus.Comment: A&A, Accepted. Abridged abstrac
A second order minimality condition for the Mumford-Shah functional
A new necessary minimality condition for the Mumford-Shah functional is
derived by means of second order variations. It is expressed in terms of a sign
condition for a nonlocal quadratic form on , being a
submanifold of the regular part of the discontinuity set of the critical point.
Two equivalent formulations are provided: one in terms of the first eigenvalue
of a suitable compact operator, the other involving a sort of nonlocal capacity
of . A sufficient condition for minimality is also deduced. Finally, an
explicit example is discussed, where a complete characterization of the domains
where the second variation is nonnegative can be given.Comment: 30 page
Software infrastructure for solving non-linear partial differential equations and its application to modelling crustal fault systems
In this paper we will give a brief introduction into the Python-based modelling language escript. We will present a model for the dynamics of fault systems in the Earth's crust and then show how escript is used to implement solution algorithms for a dynamic as well as a quasi-static scenario
Globally Guided Trajectory Planning in Dynamic Environments
Navigating mobile robots through environments shared with humans is
challenging. From the perspective of the robot, humans are dynamic obstacles
that must be avoided. These obstacles make the collision-free space nonconvex,
which leads to two distinct passing behaviors per obstacle (passing left or
right). For local planners, such as receding-horizon trajectory optimization,
each behavior presents a local optimum in which the planner can get stuck. This
may result in slow or unsafe motion even when a better plan exists. In this
work, we identify trajectories for multiple locally optimal driving behaviors,
by considering their topology. This identification is made consistent over
successive iterations by propagating the topology information. The most
suitable high-level trajectory guides a local optimization-based planner,
resulting in fast and safe motion plans. We validate the proposed planner on a
mobile robot in simulation and real-world experiments.Comment: 7 pages, 6 figures, accepted to IEEE International Conference on
Robotics and Automation (ICRA) 202
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