Geographical Analysis of US Green Sector Industry Concentration

This paper analyzes the geographic distribution of “green energy” sector clustering in the lower 48 United States using recent developments in industry concentration analysis. Evidence suggests that the ten green energy subsectors and the aggregate of the firms comprising the green energy sector are regionally concentrated. Positive changes in industry concentration from 2002 to 2006 tended to be greatest in non-metropolitan counties, suggesting comparative advantage with respect to site location for the composite of firms making up these sectors.Agglomeration, Location Quotient, Renewable Energy, Community/Rural/Urban Development, Industrial Organization, Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies,

Effect of kinetic resonances on the stability of Resistive Wall Mode in Reversed Field Pinch

The kinetic effects, due to the mode resonance with thermal particle drift motions in the reversed field pinch (RFP) plasmas, are numerically investigated for the stability of the resistive wall mode, using a non-perturbative MHD-kinetic hybrid formulation. The kinetic effects are generally found too weak to substantially change the mode growth rate, or the stability margin, re-enforcing the fact that the ideal MHD model is rather adequate for describing the RWM physics in RFP experiments.Comment: Submitted to: Plasma Phys. Control. Fusio

New genus and two new species of Hyaliodini from the Philippines (Miridae, Deraeocorinae)

Philicoris, a new genus of the mirid subfamily Deraeocorinae, tribe Hyaliodini, is described from the Philippines. New species Philicoris mayon sp. n. and Philicoris palali sp. n. from the island of Luzon are documented with photographic images of the dorsal habitus and male genital structures.We thank the Biodiversity Management Bureau (BMB) of the Philippine Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) for facilitating collecting and export permits necessary for this and related studies; we are particularly grateful to M. Lim, C. Custodio, J. de Leon, and A. Tagtag. Fieldwork was conducted under the Sam Noble Museum’s existing Memorandum of Agreement with the BMB of the Philippines (2015–2020), Gratuitous Permits to Collect No. 247 (2016) and 260 (Renewal; 2017), and Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) approved protocols R13-012 and R17-019. Financial support for fieldwork was provided by National Science Foundation, Division of Integrative Organismal Systems grant (NSF IOS 1353683) to CDS. Preston Larson is thanked for assistance with preparing and imaging the specimens using the SEM at the Samuel Roberts Noble Microscopy Laboratory. For access to the Sam Noble Museum Invertebrate Paleontology Stacking Photography Lab, S. Westrop and R. Burkhalter are appreciated. In the field Jason Fernandez and the Philippine Field Team were critical for field assistance during faunal surveys of Mt. Mayon and Mt. Palali on Luzon Island, and Dr. Thomas Henry and Dr. Michael Schwartz are thanked for their advice on dissections of Deraeocorinae to prepare the figures. Lastly, we thank members of the Menard and Siler labs, and Dr. Alfred Wheeler for his helpful critiques of the manuscript. Open access fees fees for this article provided whole or in part by OU Libraries Open Access Fund.Ye

Panchromatic observations and modeling of the HV Tau C edge-on disk

We present new high spatial resolution (<~ 0.1") 1-5 micron adaptive optics images, interferometric 1.3 mm continuum and 12CO 2-1 maps, and 350 micron, 2.8 and 3.3 mm fluxes measurements of the HV Tau system. Our adaptive optics images reveal an unusually slow orbital motion within the tight HV Tau AB pair that suggests a highly eccentric orbit and/or a large deprojected physical separation. Scattered light images of the HV Tau C edge-on protoplanetary disk suggest that the anisotropy of the dust scattering phase function is almost independent of wavelength from 0.8 to 5 micron, whereas the dust opacity decreases significantly over the same range. The images further reveal a marked lateral asymmetry in the disk that does not vary over a timescale of 2 years. We further detect a radial velocity gradient in the disk in our 12CO map that lies along the same position angle as the elongation of the continuum emission, which is consistent with Keplerian rotation around an 0.5-1 Msun central star, suggesting that it could be the most massive component in the triple system. We use a powerful radiative transfer model to compute synthetic disk observations and use a Bayesian inference method to extract constraints on the disk properties. Each individual image, as well as the spectral energy distribution, of HV Tau C can be well reproduced by our models with fully mixed dust provided grain growth has already produced larger-than-interstellar dust grains. However, no single model can satisfactorily simultaneously account for all observations. We suggest that future attempts to model this source include more complex dust properties and possibly vertical stratification. (Abridged)Comment: 26 pages, 11 figures, editorially accepted for publication in Ap

Growth, Structure and Properties of BiFeO3-BiCrO3 Films obtained by Dual Cross Beam PLD

The properties of epitaxial Bi2FeCrO6 thin films, recently synthesized by pulsed laser deposition, have partially confirmed the theoretical predictions (i.e. a magnetic moment of 2 muB per formula unit and a polarization of ~80 microC/cm2 at 0K). The existence of magnetic ordering at room temperature for this material is an unexpected but very promising result that needs to be further investigated. Since magnetism is assumed to arise from the exchange interaction between the Fe and Cr cations, the magnetic behaviour is strongly dependent on both their ordering and the distance between them. We present here the successful synthesis of epitaxial Bi2FexCryO6 (BFCO x/y) films grown on SrTiO3 substrates using dual crossed beam pulsed laser deposition. The crystal structure of the films has different types of (111)-oriented superstructures depending on the deposition conditions. The multiferroic character of BFCO (x/y) films is proven by the presence of both ferroelectric and magnetic hysteresis at room temperature. The oxidation state of Fe and Cr ions in the films is shown to be 3+ only and the difference in macroscopic magnetization with Fe/Cr ratio composition could only be due to ordering of the Cr3+ and Fe3+ cations therefore to the modification of the exchange interaction between them.Comment: Manuscript accepted for publication in IEEE-UFF

Tracer studies in the coffee plant (Coffea arabica L.)

Due to the great importance of coffee to the Brazilian economy, a good deal of the work carried out in the "Laboratório de Isótopos", E. E. A. "Luiz de Queiroz", Piracicaba, S. Paulo, Brazil, was dedicated to the study of some problems involving that plant. The first one was designed to verify a few aspects of the control of zinc deficiency which is common in many types of soils in Brazil. An experiment conducted in nutrient solution showed that the leaf absorption of the radiozinc was eight times as high as the root uptake; the lower surface of the leaves is particularly suited for this kind of absorption. Among the heavy metal micronutrients, only iron did not affect the absorption of the radiozinc; manganese, copper, and molybdenum brought about a decrease of fifty per cent in total uptake. In another pot experiment in which two soils typical of the coffee growing regions were used, namely, a sandy soil called "arenito de Bauru" and a heavy one, "terra roxa", only O.l and 0.2 per cent of the activity supplied to the roots was recovered", respectively. This indicates that under field conditions the farmer should not attempt to correct zinc deficiency by applying zinc salts to the soil: leaf sprays should be used wherever necessary. In order to find out the most suitable way to supply phosphatic fertilizers to the coffee plant, under normal farm conditions, an experiment with tagged superphosphate was carried out with the following methods of distribution of this material: (1) topdressed in a circular area around the trees; (2) placed in the bottom of a 15 cm deep furrow made around the plant; (3) placed in a semicircular furrow, as in the previous treatment; (4) sprayed directly to the leaves. It was verified that in the first case, circa 10 per cent of the phosphorus in the leaves came from the superphosphate; for the other treatments, the results ware, respectively: 2.4, 1.7, and 38.0 per cent. It is interesting to mention that the first and the last methods of distribution were those less used by the farmers; now they are being introduced in many coffee plantations. In a previous trial it was demonstrated that urea sprays were an adequate way to correct nitrogen deficiency under field conditions. An experiment was then set up in which urea-C14 was used to study the metabolism of this fertilizer in coffee leaves. In was verified that in a 9 hours period circa 95 per cent of the urea supplied to the leaves had been absorbed. The distribution of the nitrogen of the urea was followed by standard chemical procedures. On the other hand the fate of the carbonic moiety was studied with the aid of the radiochromatographic technique. Thus, the incorporation of C14 in aminoacids, sugars and organic acids was ascertained. Data obtained in this work gave a definite support to the idea that in coffee leaves, as in a few other higher plants, a mechanism similar to the urea cycle of animals does exist

Growth of children receiving a dehydrated potato-soy protein concentrate or corn-soy blend as part of a food aid program in Northern Senegal

Rations distributed by food aid programs are intended to improve the growth of&nbsp;undernourished children. In practice, food programs target individual children and&nbsp;provide a supplement to the family that is intended to increase the energy and nutrient&nbsp;intake of undernourished children. Multiple food rations are available yet few studies&nbsp;have compared their differential effect on the growth of children. The objective of the&nbsp;study was to compare growth in undernourished Senegalese children who received a&nbsp;newly developed dehydrated potato-soy protein concentrate blend (PSB) to those&nbsp;supplemented with the currently available corn-soy blend (CSB). The first child at&nbsp;each site was randomly assigned to receive PSB or CSB and subsequent children&nbsp;alternately received PSB or CSB. Eligibility for obtaining the food ration was basedon criteria determined by the USAID (P.L. 480) Title II Food Aid Program. Children&nbsp;received iso-caloric amounts of the two supplements each month (23,000kcals).&nbsp;Weight, height and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) were taken over a fourmonth&nbsp;period. Z-scores were calculated for weight-for-age (WAZ), weight-for-height&nbsp;(WHZ) and for length/height-for-age measures (HAZ).The study was conducted at 7&nbsp;clinics which served as food distribution sites in northern Senegal. The study enrolled348 children 18-56 months old with a weight-for-age z-score below the �yellow� zone&nbsp;of the locally available growth chart (equivalent to WAZ &lt; -1.0). WAZ and HAZ&nbsp;significantly increased over time but there was no difference between the two ration&nbsp;groups. In a subset of 280 children (145 PSB, 135 CSB) who attended all four&nbsp;appointments and received the full complement of ration, there was significant and&nbsp;equivalent increase for both groups in WAZ and WHZ. These findings indicate thatchildren participating in the food aid program significantly improved their growth&nbsp;over a four-month period. Using the new PSB as a ration had the same impact on&nbsp;growth as the standard CSB and required less fuel to prepare