1,058 research outputs found
Physics Reach of High-Energy and High-Statistics IceCube Atmospheric Neutrino Data
This paper investigates the physics reach of the IceCube neutrino detector
when it will have collected a data set of order one million atmospheric
neutrinos with energies in the 0.1 \sim 10^4 TeV range. The paper consists of
three parts. We first demonstrate how to simulate the detector performance
using relatively simple analytic methods. Because of the high energies of the
neutrinos, their oscillations, propagation in the Earth and regeneration due to
\tau decay must be treated in a coherent way. We set up the formalism to do
this and discuss the implications. In a final section we apply the methods
developed to evaluate the potential of IceCube to study new physics beyond
neutrino oscillations. Not surprisingly, because of the increased energy and
statistics over present experiments, existing bounds on violations of the
equivalence principle and of Lorentz invariance can be improved by over two
orders of magnitude. The methods developed can be readily applied to other
non-conventional physics associated with neutrinos.Comment: 21 pages, 7 figures, Revtex
Phase equilibria and thermodynamic properties of oxide systems on the basis of rare earth, alkaline earth and 3d-transition (Mn, Fe, Co) metals. A short overview of
Review is dedicated studies of phase equilibria in the systems based on rare earth elements and 3d transition metals. It’s highlighted several structural families of these compounds and is shown that many were found interesting properties for practical application, such as high conductivity up to the superconducting state, magnetic properties, catalytic activity of the processes of afterburning of exhaust gases, the high mobility in the oxygen sublattice and more
Prospects for identifying the sources of the Galactic cosmic rays with IceCube
We quantitatively address whether IceCube, a kilometer-scale neutrino
detector under construction at the South Pole, can observe neutrinos pointing
back at the accelerators of the Galactic cosmic rays. The photon flux from
candidate sources identified by the Milagro detector in a survey of the TeV sky
is consistent with the flux expected from a typical cosmic-ray generating
supernova remnant interacting with the interstellar medium. We show here that
IceCube can provide incontrovertible evidence of cosmic-ray acceleration in
these sources by detecting neutrinos. We find that the signal is optimally
identified by specializing to events with energies above 30 TeV where the
atmospheric neutrino background is low. We conclude that evidence for a
correlation between the Milagro and IceCube sky maps should be conclusive after
several years.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures; part of the text and some figures have changed,
conclusions remain the same; equals journal versio
Potential Neutrino Signals from Galactic Gamma-Ray Sources
The recent progress made in Galactic gamma-ray astronomy using the High
Energy Stereoskopic System (H.E.S.S.) instrument provides for the first time a
population of Galactic TeV gamma-rays, and hence potential neutrino sources,
for which the neutrino flux can be estimated. Using the energy spectra and
source morphologies measured by H.E.S.S., together with new parameterisations
of pion production and decay in hadronic interactions, we estimate the signal
and background rates expected for these sources in a first-generation water
Cherenkov detector (ANTARES) and a next-generation neutrino telescope in the
Mediterranean Sea, KM3NeT, with an instrumented volume of 1 km^3. We find that
the brightest gamma-ray sources produce neutrino rates above 1 TeV, comparable
to the background from atmospheric neutrinos. The expected event rates of the
brightest sources in the ANTARES detector make a detection unlikely. However,
for a 1 km^3 KM3NeT detector, event rates of a few neutrinos per year from
these sources are expected, and the detection of individual sources seems
possible. Although generally these estimates should be taken as flux upper
limits, we discuss the conditions and type of gamma-ray sources for which the
neutrino flux predictions can be considered robust.Comment: 20 pages, 4 figures; v2: ERROR in energy scale of KM3NeT effective
neutrino area corrected which resulted in event rates being about a factor 3
too low; v3: grammatical changes and update of references after receiving
proof
Matrix metalloproteinases as target genes for gene regulatory networks driving molecular and cellular pathways related to a multistep pathogenesis of cerebrovascular disease
The present study investigated a joint contribution of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) genes to ischemic stroke (IS) development and analyzed interactions between MMP genes and genome‐wide associated loci for IS. A total of 1288 unrelated Russians (600 IS patients and 688 healthy individuals) from Central Russia were recruited for the stud
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