Hope Works: Student Use of Education Tax Credits

Surveys University of California students on their use of Hope Scholarship and Lifetime Learning tax credit programs. Explores the debate over whether federal aid should emphasize incentives to attend college or relief to those already planning to attend

Temporal and spatial evolution of a waxing then waning catastrophic density current revealed by chemical mapping

We reconstruct the behavior of a catastrophic sustained radial pyroclastic density current as it waxed then waned during its brief lifespan. By subdividing the deposit into 8 time slices using a chemical tracer, we show that the sustained current initially was topographically restricted, but that its leading edge advanced in all directions, encroaching upon and gradually ascending hills. During peak flow the current reached its maximum extent and overtopped all topographic highs. After this, and while the current direction from source was maintained, the leading edge gradually retreated sourceward. High-resolution analysis of the depositional architecture reveals how the flow dynamics evolved and runout distance of the sustained density current rapidly increased then decreased, reflecting the dominant influence of changing mass flux, as demonstrated in numerical models but not previously distinguished in a natural deposit

Arthroscopic Primary Bundle-Specific Posterior Cruciate Ligament Repair with Transosseous Fixation.

Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) injuries are most commonly associated with multiligamentous knee injuries. Isolated rupture can be treated nonoperatively with bracing, but with concomitant surgical injuries or high-grade instability, operative intervention may be warranted. While historically PCL injuries were surgically managed with open primary repair, contemporary surgical options include arthroscopic primary repair and reconstruction. Appropriate patient selection is critical in avoiding residual laxity following primary repair, and innovations in advanced imaging and arthroscopic technology now allow for identification of suitable patients. In this technical vote, we describe a method for anatomic bundle-specific primary PCL repair with transosseous fixation. The appropriate patient for this procedure has a femoral-sided avulsion of 1 or both PCL bundles, presents with an acute or subacute injury, and has adequate tissue quality for bundle reapproximation to the footprint. This allows for minimally invasive, anatomic restoration of tension for each bundle

Units of Evidence for Analyzing Subdisciplinary Difference in Data Practice Studies

Digital libraries (DLs) are adapting to accommodate research data and related services. The complexities of this new content spans the elements of DL development, and there are questions concerning data selection, service development, and how best to align these with local, institutional initiatives for cyberinfrastructure, data-intensive research, and data stewardship. Small science disciplines are of particular relevance due to the prevalence of this mode of research in the academy, and the anticipated magnitude of data production. To support data acquisition into DLs – and subsequent data reuse – there is a need for new knowledge on the range and complexities inherent in practice-data-curation arrangements for small science research. We present a flexible methodological approach crafted to generate data units to analyze these relationships and facilitate crossdisciplinary comparisons.Library Services (LG-06-07-0032-07) and National Science Foundation (OCI-0830976).is peer reviewe

Buddhist Rebirth: A Survey of Pre-Modern Asian Thought

In an attempt to display the range of concerns and interests regarding rebirth, I plan to make a brief and sampled survey of a few select schools and sects of Buddhism. More emphasis will be placed on Indian Buddhism as it was here that much of the debates raged and were settled for the descendant forms of Buddhism in other parts of the globe, namely China and Japan. Special consideration will be given, however, to Tibetan and Pure Land schools as their understandings of or interest in rebirth vary significantly from that of traditional Indic-Buddhist views. While contemporary scholars, particularly those in the West, have begun to tackle the karma and rebirth debates once again, adding to the fray scientific reasoning, I will not be addressing their efforts here

Effects of attentional focus on kinematics and muscle activation patterns as a function of expertise

It has been demonstrated that for motor tasks, an external focus of attention can yield better results than an internal focus of attention. To be more specific, focusing on the effect of the movements seems to be more beneficial to performance and learning than focusing on the movements themselves (for a review, see Wulf & Prinz, 2001). To explain this phenomenon, Wulf, McNevin, and Shea (2001) proposed that an internal focus of attention is less effective because concentrating on the movements interferes with the motor system\u27s attempt to naturally self-organize, the constrained-action hypothesis. The purpose of this study was to find neurophysiological and/or mechanical evidence of this hypothesis using expert and novice American football field goal kickers (place kickers). Four experts and 12 novices (never kicked before) participated; they kicked seven kicks under control (no focus instructions), internal (focus on the part of the foot that would contact the ball), and external (focus on the part of the ball that would be contacted) focus conditions. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)

Organic management of Mexican bean beetle (Epilachna varivestis Mulsant) in snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

Various methods have been suggested to control or deter MBB from attacking bean crops, however conclusive data detailing the effectiveness of control methods and their effects on green bean yield are limited. Two separate experiments were performed to compare MBB management practices in snap bean crops and determine snap bean varieties with natural tolerance to MBB infestations. P. foveolatus in snap bean crops significantly (P\u3c0.05) reduced the larval and adult MBB populations, while increasing the bean yield in optimal growing conditions. The use of row cover and staggering of planting date proved to be unsuccessful (P\u3e0.05) increasing bean yield, however MBB larval, pupal, and adult populations were found to be different (P\u3c0.05) when growing conditions wee optimal. When MBB populations were above the economic threshold (1--1.5 MBB larvae per plant) in the test, tolerance to MBB infestation was not observed (P\u3e0.05) in any of the varieties studied

Not So Magical: Issues with Racism, Classism, and Ideology in Harry Potter

Although it is primarily a young adult fantasy series, the Harry Potter books are also focused on the battle against racial purification and the threat of a strictly homogeneous magical society. This thesis examines the intricacies and depth of the racial ideologies presented in the books, as well as how they can be equated with historical and real world issues. More specifically, this thesis will study the delineations of human and non-human beings, and how the institutional biases they struggle against are supported by traditional principles. Though these are important ideas worthy of discussion, I also hope that further examination of these aspects within the seven book series will add to the series’ literary merit