251 research outputs found
Trypanosoma brucei brucei infection impairs MHC class II antigen presentation capacity of macrophages
During African trypanosomiasis, macrophages play a central role in T cell hyporesponsiveness to parasite-related and unrelated antigens. In this study, the ability of macrophages from Trypanosoma b. brucei-infected mice to present exogenous antigens to a major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II-restricted CD4(+) T cell hybridoma was analysed. We demonstrate that the antigen presentation capacity of macrophages from infected mice is markedly reduced as a result of a lower expression of [MHC class II-peptide] complexes on their plasma membrane. This defect did not result from a decreased antigen uptake/catabolism, a reduced MHC class II and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 expression on the surface of macrophages, a decreased affinity of MHC class II molecules for antigenic peptides, a competition between exogenous and parasite antigens, or the generation of inhibitory peptides. Our data indicate that the step resulting in coexpression of processed antigens and MHC class II molecules is affected in T. b. brucei-infected mice. Additionally, macrophages from infected mice secreted IL-10 that in turn contributes to the impairment of T cell activation
Scrutinizing the mechanisms underlying the induction of anemia of inflammation through GPI-mediated modulation of macrophage activation in a model of African trypanosomiasis
Monitoring protection against porcine cysticercosis with a monoclonal antibody to conformational epitopes of TSOL18 vaccine
Realidad aumentada para teléfonos inteligentes en las misiones jesuíticas guaraníes
La Realidad Aumentada (RA) es el término que se usa para definir una experiencia de visualización del mundo real, la que se complementa con elementos virtuales con el fin último de crear una realidad mixta en tiempo real.
La RA puede considerarse una evolución tecnológica de la Realidad Virtual, ya que si bien comparten algunas características comunes como ser la inclusión de información y objetos gráficos en el campo visual del observador, la RA no reemplaza el mundo real por uno virtual, sino que basándose en el mundo real, lo potencia superponiendo información a los objetos reales que visualiza el observador. El observador nunca pierde el contacto con el mundo real sino que interactúa y aumenta su percepción con la información virtual que es superpuesta.
Ronald Azuma dice que la realidad aumentada: a) combina elementos reales y virtuales, b) es interactiva en tiempo real, c) está registrada en 3D (Azuma, 2001).
Puede inferirse en una definición resumida, que la RA es la incorporación de datos e información digital en un entorno real, por medio del reconocimiento de patrones que se realiza mediante un software (Barfield & Caudell, 2001), (Bimber & Raskar, 2005).
Como una actividad de la Catedra de Gestion del Conocimiento del Departamento de Informática, la propuesta planteada como trabajo de investigación parte de un relevamiento de las 30 reducciones jesuíticas guaraníes que se asentaron en Argentina, Brasil y Paraguay, a los efectos de determinar los puntos de interés (PDI), georreferenciarlos, y describirlos.
La Informacion relevada y curada se publicará en la enciclopedia universal Wikipedia y posteriormente será vinculada con una aplicación de realidad aumentada para teléfonos inteligentes.Eje: Innovación en Sistemas de SoftwareRed de Universidades con Carreras en Informática (RedUNCI
Effects of low carbohydrate diets high in red meats or poultry, fish and shellfish on plasma lipids and weight loss
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Low carbohydrate diets (LCDs) have been demonstrated to be effective tools for promoting weight loss and an improved plasma lipid profile. Such diets are often associated with increased meat consumption, either poultry, fish, and shellfish (PFS), which are generally high in polyunsaturated fat (PUFA) or red meats (RM), generally high in saturated fat (SFA). The fatty acid profile and content of a diet may influence the plasma lipid profile of humans. This study examined whether the type of meat consumed could influence the outcome of an LCD.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Moderately obese subjects consumed two different LCDs as part of a weight loss regimen: 1) a diet high in foods of mammalian origin (RM) intended to contain more SFA, or 2) a diet high in PFS intended to contain more PUFA. Diet dependent changes in body weight, nutritional intake, and plasma lipids were evaluated during a 28 day study period.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Both diets were associated with significant weight loss after 28 days, -5.26 ± 0.84 kg and -5.74 ± 0.63 kg for RM and PFS groups, respectively. The PFS diet was associated with a significantly higher intake of PUFA and cholesterol. Despite high cholesterol and fat intakes, neither diet was associated with significant changes in plasma cholesterol or the plasma lipoprotein cholesterol profile. While plasma triglycerides were reduced in both groups, the effect was only statistically significant for the PFS diet.</p
Limited dispersion and quick degradation of environmental DNA in fish ponds inferred by metabarcoding
Background Environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding is a promising tool for rapid, non‐invasive biodiversity monitoring.
Aims In this study, eDNA metabarcoding is applied to explore the spatial and temporal distribution of fish communities in two aquaculture ponds and to evaluate the detection sensitivity of this tool for low‐density species alongside highly abundant species.
Materials & Methods This study was carried out at two artificially stocked ponds with a high fish density following the introduction and removal of two rare fish species.
Results & Discussion When two rare species were introduced and kept at a fixed location in the ponds, eDNA concentration (i.e., proportional read counts abundance) of the introduced species typically peaked after two days. The increase in eDNA concentration of the introduced fish after 43 hrs may have been caused by increased eDNA shedding rates as a result of fish being stressed by handling, as observed in other studies. Thereafter, it gradually declined and stabilised after six days. These findings are supported by the highest community dissimilarity of different sampling positions being observed on the second day after introduction, which then gradually decreased over time. On the sixth day, there was no longer a significant difference in community dissimilarity between sampling days. The introduced species were no longer detected at any sampling positions on 48 hrs after removal from the ponds. eDNA is found to decay faster in the field than in controlled conditions, which can be attributed to the complex effects of environmental conditions on eDNA persistence or resulting in the vertical transport of intracellular DNA and the extracellular DNA absorbed by particles in the sediment. The eDNA signal and detection probability of the introduced species were strongest near the keepnets, resulting in the highest community variance of different sampling events at this position. Thereafter, the eDNA signal significantly decreased with increasing distance, although the signal increased slightly again at 85 m position away from the keepnets.
Conclusions Collectively, these findings reveal that eDNA distribution in lentic ecosystems is highly localised in space and time, which adds to the growing weight of evidence that eDNA signal provides a good approximation of the presence and distribution of species in ponds. Moreover, eDNA metabarcoding is a powerful tool for detection of rare species alongside more abundant species due to the use of generic PCR primers, and can enable monitoring of spatial and temporal community variance
Un modelo ontológico para el gobierno electrónico
La toma de decisiones muchas veces requiere información que debe suministrarse con el formato de datos enriquecidos. Atender apropiadamente estas nuevas exigencias hace necesario que las agencias gubernamentales orquesten grandes cantidades de información de diversas fuentes y formatos, para ser suministrados eficientemente a través de los dispositivos habitualmente utilizados por las personas, tales como computadoras, netbooks, tablets y smartphones.
Para superar estos problemas, se propone un modelo para la representación conceptual de las unidades de organización del Estado, vistos como entidades georeferenciadas del Gobierno Electrónico, basado en ontologías diseñadas bajo los principios de los Datos Abiertos Vinculados, lo que permite la extracción automática de información a través de las máquinas, que apoya al proceso de tomas de decisiones gubernamentales y da a los ciudadanos un acceso integral para encontrar y hacer trámites a través de las tecnologías móviles.Sociedad Argentina de Informática e Investigación Operativa (SADIO
Un modelo ontológico para el gobierno electrónico
La toma de decisiones muchas veces requiere información que debe suministrarse con el formato de datos enriquecidos. Atender apropiadamente estas nuevas exigencias hace necesario que las agencias gubernamentales orquesten grandes cantidades de información de diversas fuentes y formatos, para ser suministrados eficientemente a través de los dispositivos habitualmente utilizados por las personas, tales como computadoras, netbooks, tablets y smartphones.
Para superar estos problemas, se propone un modelo para la representación conceptual de las unidades de organización del Estado, vistos como entidades georeferenciadas del Gobierno Electrónico, basado en ontologías diseñadas bajo los principios de los Datos Abiertos Vinculados, lo que permite la extracción automática de información a través de las máquinas, que apoya al proceso de tomas de decisiones gubernamentales y da a los ciudadanos un acceso integral para encontrar y hacer trámites a través de las tecnologías móviles.Sociedad Argentina de Informática e Investigación Operativa (SADIO
Intrabody targeting HIF-1α mediates transcriptional downregulation of target genes related to solid tumors
Uncontrolled growth of solid tumors will result in a hallmark hypoxic condition, whereby the key transcriptional regulator of hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) will be stabilized to activate the transcription of target genes that are responsible for the metabolism, proliferation, and metastasis of tumor cells. Targeting and inhibiting the transcriptional activity of HIF-1 may provide an interesting strategy for cancer therapy. In the present study, an immune library and a synthetic library were constructed for the phage display selection of Nbs against recombinant PAS B domain protein (rPasB) of HIF-1α. After panning and screening, seven different nanobodies (Nbs) were selected, of which five were confirmed via immunoprecipitation to target the native HIF-1α subunit. The inhibitory effect of the selected Nbs on HIF-1 induced activation of target genes has been evaluated after intracellular expression of these Nbs in HeLa cells. The dramatic inhibition of both intrabody formats on the expression of HIF-1-related target genes has been confirmed, which indicated the inhibitory efficacy of selected Nbs on the transcriptional activity of HIF-1. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland
Realidad aumentada con tecnologías móviles para la preservación del patrimonio cultural
En este trabajo se aborda la difusión de información relativa a puntos de interés geolocalizados mediante las últimas técnicas de realidad aumentada.
En particular, se tratan las 30 reducciones jesuíticas guaraníes que se asentaron en Argentina, Brasil y Paraguay. La información geoespacial y los datos de interés cultural se han fusionado mediante las plataformas OpenStreetMap y Wikipedia, lo que permite su acceso desde cualquier lugar con acceso a internet.
En una segunda fase, estos datos se gestionan desde una aplicación móvil de realidad aumentada y código abierto que permite la inmersión del usuario en el entorno cultural. La metodología desarrollada es fácilmente trasladable a otras disciplinas, lo que abre las puertas a una nueva forma de divulgar in situ la información de interés cultural patrimonial.Sociedad Argentina de Informática e Investigación Operativa (SADIO
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