Public sector debt dynamics in Brazil

1. INTRODUCTION 2. POLICY MIX AND THE PUBLIC-SECTOR NET DEBT 3. SKELETONS IN THE CLOSET, PRIVATIZATION PROCEEDS AND SEIGNIORAGE 4. SIMULATING DEBT DYNAMICS 5. SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS 6. CONCLUDING REMARKS APPENDIX: THE SIMULATION MODEL

O genero "Cheilanthes" Swartz em Portugal

A A. estudou minuciosamente os espécimes de Cheilanthes spp. existentes nos principais herbários portugueses (COI, LISI, LISU e PO) e concluiu que grande parte dos espécimes em tempos identificados como Ch. pteridioides ou Ch. fragrans não pertenecen de facto a esta espécie mas sim ás afins Ch. guanchica C. Bolle, Ch. maderensis Lowe e Ch. tinaei Tod. São apresentadas chaves de identificação para as espécies portuguesas, bem como listas dos exemplares estudados e respectivos mapas de distribuição.Hemos estudiado minuciosamente las especies de Cheilanthes ssp. existentes en los principales herbarios portugueses (COI, LISI, LISU e PO), concluyendo que la mayor parte de estas, identificadas anteriormente como Ch. pteridioides o Ch. fragrans, no pertenecen de hecho a esta especie sino a aquellas afines, Ch. guanchica C. Bolle, Ch. maderensis Lowe e Ch. tinaei Tod. Se presentan unas claves de identificación para las especies portuguesas, así como listas de los ejemplares estudiados y los correspondientes mapas de distribución

Constraining the Location of Microlensing Objects by using the Finite Source Effect in EAGLE events

We propose a new method to constrain the location of microlensing objects using EAGLE (Extremely Amplified Gravitational LEnsing) events. We have estimated the rate of EAGLE events by taking the finite-source effect in to account. We found that the EAGLE event rate for using a 1-m class telescope w hose limiting magnitude is $V \sim 21$ is the same as or higher than that of the ordinary microlensing events which have been found to date. We have also found that the fraction of transit EAGLE events is large enough to detect: between $4 \sim 80$ depending on the lens location. Since the lens proper motion can be measured for a transit event, one can distinguish whether the lens is a MACHO (MAssive Compact Halo Object) in our hal o or one of the known stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) from the proper motion measurement for each transit EAGLE event. Moreover, we show that the fraction of transit EAGLEs in all EAGLE events signif icantly depends on the lensing locations: the transit EAGLE fraction for the sel f-lensing case is $2 \sim 15$ times larger than that for halo MACHOs. Thus, one can constrain the location of lens objects by the statistics of the tr ansit events fraction. We show that we can reasonably expect $0 \sim 6$ transit events out of 21 EAGLE events in 3 years. We can also constrain the lens population properties at a gre ater than 99% confidence level depending on the number of transit events de tected. We also present the duration of EAGLE events, and show how an hourly ob servational mode is more suitable for an EAGLE event search program.Comment: 18 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Ap

On the Determination of Star Formation Rates in Evolving Galaxy Populations

The redshift dependence of the luminosity density in certain wavebands (e.g. UV and H-alpha) can be used to infer the history of star formation in the populations of galaxies producing this luminosity. This history is a useful datum in studies of galaxy evolution. It is therefore important to understand the errors that attend the inference of star formation rate densities from luminosity densities. This paper explores the self-consistency of star formation rate diagnostics by reproducing commonly used observational procedures in a model with known galaxy populations, evolutionary histories and spectral emission properties. The study reveals a number of potential sources of error in the diagnostic processes arising from the differential evolution of different galaxy types. We argue that multi-wavelength observations can help to reduce these errors.Comment: 13 pages (including 5 encapsulated postscript figures), aastex, accepted for publication in Ap

A low-cost ZigBee-based wireless industrial automation system

This paper describes the development of an industrial automation system based on a ZigBee wireless sensor network, designed for the monitoring and control of multiple refrigeration equipments in an industrial area, replacing the existing cabled network, which is based on the LonWorks platform. For this purpose, ZigBee routers were used to replace the local controllers at the refrigeration equipments, while the central management controller was re-placed by a ZigBee coordinator and a PC. The proposed system was devel-oped using a hardware platform based in the CC2530 integrated circuit and the Z-Stack software. Results from experimental field tests performed in an industrial environment are provided in order to assess the performance of the developed ZigBee network.This work is supported by FCT (Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia) with the reference project UID/EEA/04436/2013, and by FEDER funds through the COMPETE 2020 – Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização (POCI) with the reference project POCI-01-0145-FEDER-006941

The Phoenix Deep Survey: The 1.4 GHz microJansky catalogue

The initial Phoenix Deep Survey (PDS) observations with the Australia Telescope Compact Array have been supplemented by additional 1.4 GHz observations over the past few years. Here we present details of the construction of a new mosaic image covering an area of 4.56 square degrees, an investigation of the reliability of the source measurements, and the 1.4 GHz source counts for the compiled radio catalogue. The mosaic achieves a 1-sigma rms noise of 12 microJy at its most sensitive, and a homogeneous radio-selected catalogue of over 2000 sources reaching flux densities as faint as 60 microJy has been compiled. The source parameter measurements are found to be consistent with the expected uncertainties from the image noise levels and the Gaussian source fitting procedure. A radio-selected sample avoids the complications of obscuration associated with optically-selected samples, and by utilising complementary PDS observations including multicolour optical, near-infrared and spectroscopic data, this radio catalogue will be used in a detailed investigation of the evolution in star-formation spanning the redshift range 0 < z < 1. The homogeneity of the catalogue ensures a consistent picture of galaxy evolution can be developed over the full cosmologically significant redshift range of interest. The 1.4 GHz mosaic image and the source catalogue are available on the web at http://www.atnf.csiro.au/~ahopkins/phoenix/ or from the authors by request.Comment: 16 pages, 11 figures, 4 tables. Accepted for publication by A

Sistema distribuído de monitorização de consumos e de qualidade de energia elétrica

Este artigo descreve a implementação e teste de um sistema distribuído de medição de grandezas elétricas, concebido para utilização com cargas tipicamente existentes nas residências, que possibilita a monitorização remota do consumo e também possui capacidade de deteção de eventos de qualidade de energia elétrica. O sistema é operado pelo utilizador a partir de um computador, através de um programa monitorizador dotado de interface gráfica, que recebe os dados recolhidos por um conjunto de nós sensores ligados às cargas que se deseja monitorizar. A comunicação de dados assenta sobre uma rede de sensores sem fios desenvolvida com base nos protocolos IEEE 802.15.4 e ZigBee. Os nós da rede são baseados no circuito integrado CC2530, da Texas Instruments, que integra um microcontrolador e um transceiver RF num mesmo chip. A implementação do sistema envolveu a concepção e desenvolvimento do hardware dos nós sensores, que efetuam a medição das grandezas elétricas, do software embebido nos nós da rede de sensores sem fios, que gere a aquisição e envio dos dados dos nós sensores até ao computador, e do software monitorizador no computador. Os resultados obtidos nos testes realizados excederam as expetativas iniciais, tendo os erros de medição ficado abaixo do patamar de 1%.Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT

Cotton Sector Policies and Performance in Sub-Saharan Africa: Lessons Behind the Numbers in Mozambique and Zambia

Research results from SIMA-Department of Statistics and Department of Policy Analysis MADER-Directorate of Economicsfood security, food policy, cotton, Mozambique, Zambia, Crop Production/Industries, Q18,