A new description of equivariant cohomology for totally disconnected groups

We consider smooth actions of totally disconnected groups on simplicial complexes and compare different equivariant cohomology groups associated to such actions. Our main result is that the bivariant equivariant cohomology theory introduced by Baum and Schneider can be described using equivariant periodic cyclic homology. This provides a new approach to the construction of Baum and Schneider as well as a computation of equivariant periodic cyclic homology for a natural class of examples. In addition we discuss the relation between cosheaf homology and equivariant Bredon homology. Since the theory of Baum and Schneider generalizes cosheaf homology we finally see that all these approaches to equivariant cohomology for totally disconnected groups are closely related

Length sensing and control for Einstein Telescope Low Frequency

In this paper we describe a feasible length sensing and control scheme for the low frequency interferometers of the Einstein Telescope (ET-LF) along with the techniques used to optimise several optical parameters, including the length of the recycling cavities and the modulation frequencies, using two numerical interferometer simulation packages: Optickle and Finesse. The investigations have suggested the use of certain combinations of sidebands to obtain independent information about the different degrees of freedom

Transient Dynamic System Behavior of Pressure Actuated Cellular Structures in a Morphing Wing

High aspect ratio aircraft have a significantly reduced induced drag, but have only limited installation space for control surfaces near the wingtip. This paper describes a multidisciplinary design methodology for a morphing aileron that is based on pressure-actuated cellular structures (PACS). The focus of this work is on the transient dynamic system behavior of the multi-functional aileron. Decisive design aspects are the actuation speed, the resistance against external loads, and constraints preparing for a future wind tunnel test. The structural stiffness under varying aerodynamic loads is examined while using a reduced-order truss model and a high-fidelity finite element analysis. The simulations of the internal flow investigate the transient pressurization process that limits the dynamic actuator response. The authors present a reduced-order model based on the Pseudo Bond Graph methodology enabling time-efficient flow simulation and compare the results to computational fluid dynamic simulations. The findings of this work demonstrate high structural resistance against external forces and the feasibility of high actuation speeds over the entire operating envelope. Future research will incorporate the fluid–structure interaction and the assessment of load alleviation capability

An oxaloacetate decarboxylase homologue protein influences the intracellular survival of Legionella pneumophila

Legionella pneumophila is a facultative intracellular parasite which is able to survive in various eukaryotic cells. We characterised a Tn5-mutant of the L. pneumophila Corby strain and were able to identify the insertion site of the transposon. It is localised within an open reading frame which shows high homology to the α-subunit of the oxaloacetate decarboxylase (OadA) of Klebsiella pneumoniae. The OadA homologous protein of L. pneumophila was detected in the wild-type strain by Western blotting. Since the intracellular multiplication of the oadA− mutant strain is reduced in guinea pig alveolar macrophages and human monocytes, it is concluded that the oadA gene product has an effect on the intracellular survival of L. pneumophil

Das Ehrenamt im Umfeld der Familie: die Bedeutung ehrenamtlicher Leistungen für junge Familien

"Freiwilligenarbeit ist ein Thema, das in den vergangenen Jahren zunehmende Aufmerksam-keit in der öffentlichen Diskussion und der Forschung erhalten hat. Das Internationale Jahr der Freiwilligen unterstreicht diese Entwicklung. Mit der vorliegenden Studie soll eine Fragestellung aufgegriffen werden, die bislang im Kontext der Freiwilligen-Forschung vernachlässigt wurde, nämlich: Welche Rolle spielt die Freiwilligenarbeit für Familien? Im Rahmen der Studie wird dabei Freiwilligenarbeit fokussiert, die Familien mit minderjährigen Kindern im Kontext von Betreuungs- und Erziehungsleistungen unterstützt. Dabei wird davon ausgegangen, dass die Arbeit von Freiwilligen einen wichtigen Beitrag zur Entlastung von jungen Familien leistet und die Bedeutung von Freiwilligenarbeit künftig noch weiter steigen wird. Folgende konkrete Fragestellungen werden bearbeitet: In welchen Bereichen und in welchem Umfang kommt Freiwilligenarbeit jungen Familien zu Gute? Welche Menschen engagieren sich für junge Familien und welche Motive sind für ihr Engagement ausschlaggebend? In welche Strukturen ist das Engagement eingebunden und welche Probleme, Chancen und Perspektiven der Freiwilligenarbeit für junge Familien werden aus Sicht von Expertinnen und Experten wahrgenommen?" (Textauszug

Seroprevalence of SARS‑CoV‑2 in German secondary schools from October 2020 to July 2021: a longitudinal study

Purpose: To quantify the number of SARS-CoV-2 infections in students and teachers in 14 Secondary schools in eastern Saxony, Germany. Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in study population. Number of undetected cases. - Methods: Serial seroprevalence study. - Results: The role of educational settings in the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic is still controversial. Seroprevalence increases from 0.8 to 5.9% from October to December when schools remained open and to 12.2% in March/April during a strict lockdown with closed schools. The ratio of undetected to detected cases decreased from 0.76 to 0.44 during the study period. - Conclusion: During the second and third wave of the pandemic in Germany, students and teachers are not overrepresented in SARS-CoV-2 infections. The percentage of undetected cases is moderate and decreases over time. The risk of contracting SARS-CoV-2 within the household is higher than contracting it in educational settings making school closures rather ineffective in terms of pandemic control measures or individual risk reduction in children and adolescents. - Trial registration: DRKS00022455 (July 23rd, 2020)

Second International Consensus Conference on Advanced Breast Cancer (ABC2), Lisbon, 11/09/2013: The German Perspective

The Advanced Breast Cancer Second International Consensus Conference (ABC2) on diagnosis and treatment of advanced breast cancer took place in Lisbon, Portugal, on November 7-9, 2013. The focus of the conference was inoperable, locally advanced breast cancer. The diagnosis and treatment of metastatic breast cancer had already been discussed 2 years before at the ABC1 Consensus and were only updated regarding special issues as part of this year's ABC2 Consensus. Like 2 years ago, a working group of German breast cancer experts commented on the voting results of the ABC panelists, with special consideration of the German guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer (German Gynecological Oncology Working Group (AGO) recommendations, S3 Guideline) in order to adapt them for daily clinical practice in Germany. The goal of both the ABC Consensus and the German comments is to facilitate evidence-based therapy decisions

Coherent Bayesian analysis of inspiral signals

We present in this paper a Bayesian parameter estimation method for the analysis of interferometric gravitational wave observations of an inspiral of binary compact objects using data recorded simultaneously by a network of several interferometers at different sites. We consider neutron star or black hole inspirals that are modeled to 3.5 post-Newtonian (PN) order in phase and 2.5 PN in amplitude. Inference is facilitated using Markov chain Monte Carlo methods that are adapted in order to efficiently explore the particular parameter space. Examples are shown to illustrate how and what information about the different parameters can be derived from the data. This study uses simulated signals and data with noise characteristics that are assumed to be defined by the LIGO and Virgo detectors operating at their design sensitivities. Nine parameters are estimated, including those associated with the binary system, plus its location on the sky. We explain how this technique will be part of a detection pipeline for binary systems of compact objects with masses up to 20 \sunmass, including cases where the ratio of the individual masses can be extreme.Comment: Accepted for publication in Classical and Quantum Gravity, Special issue for GWDAW-1

World Ocean Review 2015 : living with the oceans 3. Marine resources - opportunities and risks

The third issue of the World Ocean Review, WOR 3, is devoted to marine resources – metals and energy – and their utilization. It gives the facts about the extraction of known oil and gas deposits below the ocean floor and examines the impacts upon flora and fauna. It explains how gas hydrates form on continental shelves and what potential they hold. The review further explores in detail the opportunities and risks presented and posed by extracting mineral resources from the seabed: manganese nodules, cobalt crusts and massive sulphides

World Ocean Review 2015 : Mit den Meeren leben 3. Rohstoffe aus dem Meer - Chancen und Risiken

Die dritte Ausgabe des „World Ocean Review“ widmet sich den metallischen und energetischen Ressourcen des Meeres und ihrer Nutzung. Er liefert Fakten über den Abbau der bekannten Öl- und Gasvorkommen unterhalb des Meeresbodens und beleuchtet die Auswirkungen auf Flora und Fauna. Er erklärt die Entstehung und Potenziale der Gashydratvorkommen an den Kontinentalrändern und liefert detaillierte Informationen über Chancen und Risiken der Nutzung mineralischer Rohstoffe: Manganknollen, Kobaltkrusten und Massivsulfide