Effect of Regular Consumption of a Miraculin-Based Food Supplement on Taste Perception and Nutritional Status in Malnourished Cancer Patients: A Triple-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial-CLINMIR Pilot Protocol

This study is funded by Medicinal Gardens S.L. by the Center for Industrial Technological Development (CDTI), "Cervera" Transfer R & D Projects. Ref. IDI-20210622. (Science and Education Ministry, Spain).Supplementary Materials: The following supporting information can be downloaded at: https://www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/nu15214639/s1Taste disorders are common among cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy, with a prevalence ranging from 20% to 86%, persisting throughout treatment. This condition leads to reduced food consumption, increasing the risk of malnutrition. Malnutrition is associated not only with worse treatment efficacy and poor disease prognosis but also with reduced functional status and quality of life. The fruit of Synsepalum dulcificum (Daniell), commonly known as miracle berry or miracle fruit, contains miraculin, a taste-modifying protein with profound effects on taste perception. The CLINMIR Protocol is a triple-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial designed to evaluate the regular consumption of a food supplement containing a miraculin-based novel food, dried miracle berry (DMB), on the taste perception (measured through electrogustometry) and nutritional status (evaluated through the GLIM Criteria) of malnourished cancer patients under active antineoplastic treatment. To this end, a pilot study was designed with 30 randomized patients divided into three study arms (150 mg DMB + 150 mg freeze-dried strawberries, 300 mg DMB, or placebo) for three months. Throughout the five main visits, an exhaustive assessment of different parameters susceptible to improvement through regular consumption of the miraculin-based food supplement will be conducted, including electrical and chemical taste perception, smell perception, nutritional and morphofunctional assessment, diet, quality of life, the fatty acid profile of erythrocytes, levels of inflammatory and cancer-associated cytokines, oxidative stress, antioxidant defense system, plasma metabolomics, and saliva and stool microbiota. The primary anticipated result is that malnourished cancer patients with taste distortion who consume the miraculin-based food supplement will report an improvement in food taste perception. This improvement translates into increased food intake, thereby ameliorating their nutritional status and mitigating associated risks. Additionally, the study aims to pinpoint the optimal dosage that provides maximal benefits. The protocol adheres to the SPIRIT 2013 Statement, which provides evidence-based recommendations and is widely endorsed as an international standard for trial protocols. The clinical trial protocol has been registered at the platform for Clinical Trials (NCT05486260).Center for Industrial Technological Development (CDTI) IDI-20210622Science and Education Ministry, Spai

A dairy product to reconstitute enriched with bioactive nutrients stops bone loss in high-risk menopausal women without pharmacological treatment

Osteoporosis is a multifactorial disease characterized by the loss of bone mass and deterioration of the internal structure of the bone, increasing the risk of fractures, and is becoming an economic and social problem. The main treatment is pharmacological, however, the population demands other therapies, such as foods with nutrients beneficial to bone health. Seventy-eight healthy menopausal women at risk of osteoporosis or untreated osteopenia were recruited for a randomized, parallel, double-blind clinical trial with two intervention groups: one group consumed a serving a day of the experimental enriched product (experimental group (EG)) and the other group (control group (CG)) consumed the same product without enrichment. The main objective was to compare the effect of consuming a dairy preparation to reconstitute, similar to yogurt when prepared, enriched in calcium, vitamin D, vitamin K, vitamin C, zinc, magnesium, L-leucine and probiotic (Lactobacillus plantarum 3547) on bone metabolism markers for 24 weeks. The EG showed a significantly increased bone mass compared to the CG (0.01 ± 0.03 vs. −0.01 ± 0.03 kg; p < 0.05). In addition, the EG maintained their bone mineral density (BMD) compared to the CG, whose BMD significantly decreased at the end of the study. For biochemical markers, the EG significantly increased the serum levels of the N-terminal propeptide of type I collagen (P1NP) bone formation marker (13.19 ± 25.17 vs. −4.21 ± 15.62 ng/mL; p < 0.05), and decreased the carbo-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTx) bone resorption marker compared to the CG (−0.05 ± 0.19 vs. 0.04 ± 0.14 ng/mL; p < 0.05). On the other hand, the EG exhibited a significantly decreased systolic and diastolic blood pressure compared to the start of the study. Finally, the EG significantly increased their dietary calcium and vitamin D intake compared to the CG. In conclusion, the regular consumption of a dairy product to reconstitute enriched with bioactive nutrients improves bone health markers in menopausal women at risk of osteoporosis without pharmacological treatment.This study was supported by the CARINSA S.A. through the project IDI-20131125 from the Centre for the Development of Industrial Technology (CDTI) of Economy and Competitiveness Ministry of Spain (MINECO)

Predictor variables for low adherence to a lifestyle modification program of overweight treatment in primary health care

Objetivos: Identificar variables predictoras de baja adherencia a un programa piloto de Modificación de Estilos de Vida (MEV) para el tratamiento del exceso de peso en Atención Primaria (AP). Material y métodos: Se reclutaron 60 sujetos con IMC > 27 kg/m². Profesionales sanitarios dirigieron el programa, en formato grupal y con una periodicidad quincenal, basado en educación nutricional, pautas dietéticas individualizadas, promoción de actividad física y apoyo motivacional. Para identificar las variables relacionadas con la adherencia al programa se utilizó un cuestionario validado sobre Hábitos de Vida de personas con Sobrepeso y Obesidad y se midieron variables antropométricas al inicio y a los seis meses del tratamiento. Una baja adherencia al programa fue considerada cuando los sujetos del estudio acudían a menos del 80% de las visitas quincenales. Resultados: Se adhirieron al programa 27 sujetos (45%). Las variables asociadas a baja adherencia estuvieron relacionadas al inicio del estudio con IMC ≥ 35 kg/m2 (p < 0,05); período de exfumador ≤ 4 meses (p < 0,01); mayor contenido calórico de la dieta (p < 0,01) y menor práctica de ejercicio físico (p < 0,05). A los 6 meses los sujetos que finalizaron el programa presentaron una disminución significativa de: peso (86,0 ± 15,6 vs 79,2 ± 13,4 kg; p < 0,001);% de masa grasa (41,6 ± 4,6 vs 38,8 ± 5,4%; p < 0,001) y glucemia (108 ± 45,48 vs 94,38 ± 11,97 mg/dl; p < 0,01). Además mejoró el perfil calórico de su dieta, disminuyendo sobretodo el porcentaje de grasa sobre el valor calórico total (39,6 ± 4,8 vs. 35,5 ± 5,6%; p < 0,01). Conclusión: Haber dejado de fumar recientemente, padecer obesidad de grado dos o superior, el alto contenido calórico de la dieta y la menor práctica de ejercicio físico fueron las variables basales identificadas como predictoras de una baja adherencia a un programa de MEV para el tratamiento de sobrepeso y obesidad en AP. Esta experiencia piloto una vez evaluada no la consideramos satisfactoria y otras nuevas estrategias están en fase de desarrolloObjectives: To identify predictive variables of low adherence to a pilot Lifestyle Modification Program (LMP) for overweight and obesity treatment in primary health care (PC ). Material and methods: Sixty subjects with BMI > 27 kg/m² were recruited. Health professionals directed the program in a group structure and biweekly, based on nutrition education with individualized dietary guidelines, promotion of physical activity and motivational support. A validated questionnaire on lifestyle habits for overweight and obesity subjects was used to identify variables related with program adherence and anthropometric variables were measured before and 6 months after intervention. Low adherence was considered when patients attended to less than 80% of visits. Results: Twenty-seven subjects (45%) presented high adherence to the program. The variables associated to low adherence were related to baseline with IMC ≥ 35 kg/m2 (p < 0.05); ex smoker period ≤ 4 months (p < 0.01); high caloric diet (p < 0.01) and scarce physical activity (p < 0.05). At 6 months the subjects who finalized the program presented a significant decrease of weight (86.0 ± 15.6 vs 79.2 ± 13.4 kg; p < 0,001); fat mass percentage (41,6 ± 4,6 vs 38.8 ± 5,4%; p < 0.001), blood glucose (108 ± 45.48 vs 94.38 ± 11.97 mg/dl; p < 0.01). It also improved caloric diet profile, above all decreasing the percentage of fat (39.6 ± 4.8 vs 35.5 ± 5.6%; p < 0.01). Conclusion: Have recently left smoking, obesity degree two or higher, a high caloric diet and scarce physical activity were basal variables identified as predictive of a low adhesion to a LMP for the treatment of overweight and obesity in primary health care. We do not consider this pilot experience as satisfactory and other new strategies are under developmentEste proyecto ha sido subvencionado a través del “Subprograma de Proyectos de Investigación de Evaluación de Tecnologías Sanitarias e Investigación en servicios de salud” de la convocatoria 2008 de ayudas de la Acción Estratégica en Salud, en el marco del Plan Nacional de I+D+I 2008-201

Regular consumption of LIPIGO® promotes the reduction of body weight and improves the rebound effect of obese people undergo a comprehensive weight loss program

Obesity is a global public health problem. Objective: To evaluate the effect of the regular consumption of the product Lipigo® on body weight and rebound effect on overweight/obese subjects undergoing a comprehensive weight loss program. Methods: A randomized, parallel, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted with male and female subjects presenting a BMI 25–39.9 kg/m . All subjects underwent a comprehensive weight loss program (WLP) for 12 weeks, which included an individualized hypocaloric diet, physical activity recommendations, nutritional education seminars, and three times a day consumption of the product Lipigo® or Placebo. After-WLP, subjects continued the treatment for 9 months to assess rebound effect. Body weight (BW), BMI, and body composition were measured at the beginning and the end of the WLP, and in the follow-up. Results: A total of 120 subjects (85% women) 49.0 ± 9.5 years old and with a BW of 81.57 ± 13.26 kg (BMI 31.19 ± 3.44 kg/m ) were randomized and 73 subjects finished the study. At the end of the WLP, there was a tendency toward reduced BW (p = 0.093), BMI (p = 0.063), and WC (p = 0.059) in the treated group. However, subjects with obesity type 1 (OB1) from the treated group significantly reduced body weight (−5.27 ± 2.75 vs. −3.08 ± 1.73 kg; p = 0.017) and BMI (−1.99 ± 1.08 vs. −1.09 ± 0.55 kg/m ; p = 0.01) compared with placebo. They also presented a minor rebound effect after 9 months with product consumption (−4.19 ± 3.61 vs. −1.44 ± 2.51 kg; p = 0.026), minor BMI (−1.61 ± 1.43 vs. −0.52 ± 0.96 kg/m ; p = 0.025) and tended to have less fat-mass (−3.44 ± 2.46 vs. −1.44 ± 3.29 kg; p = 0.080) compared with placebo. Conclusions: The regular consumption of the product Lipigo® promotes the reduction of body weight and reduces the rebound effect of obese people after 52 weeks (12 months), mainly in obesity type 1, who undergo a comprehensive weight loss program. 2 2 2 2This study was supported by the DAMM S.A. group through the project RTC-2016-5317-1 from the RETOS COLABORACIÓN 2016 program of Economy and Competitiveness Ministry of Spain (MINECO

Nutritional composition assessment of 3000 individualized parenteral nutrition bags in a tertiary referral hospital: Current prescribing patterns

Individualized parenteral nutrition is the most specialized type of nutritional support in the hospital setting. The composition and prescribing patterns for parenteral nutrition have evolved due to new emerging scientific evidence. In the last few years, there has been a tendency to increase the nitrogen and lipid content and decrease the carbohydrate content. To assess the prescribing pattern in a tertiary referral hospital in Spain, the nutritional composition of individualized parenteral nutrition was evaluated retrospectively from January to December of 2016. A total of 3029 parenteral nutrition units were analysed, corresponding to 257 hospitalized adult patients. Medical specialists in General Surgery and Haematology were the most common petitioners. The three most frequently prescribed parenteral nutrition formulae contained 13.4 (28.8%), 15.7 (19.54%) and 17.9 (17.79%) g of nitrogen. The quantity of carbohydrates and lipids showed a mean non-protein calories-to-nitrogen ratio of approximately 78:1 and a carbohydrate-to-lipid ratio that was near 50:50 in most cases. These results suggest a trend towards the administration of parenteral nutrition with a high content of nitrogen and smaller proportion of the non-protein components

Efecto de una suplementación láctea con ácido linoleico conjugado sobre el control de peso y la composición corporal de personas sanas con sobrepeso

Introduction: Conjugated linoleic acids (CLAs) have shown beneficial effects in weight control therapy however this relation is not clear. Objetive: The aim of the study was to examine the effects and safety of 3 g of a 1:1 mix of c9-t11 and t10-c12 on weight control and body composition in healthy overweight individuals. Methods: A prospective, placebo-controlled, randomised double-blind, parallel clinical trial lasting 24 weeks was carried out in 38 volunteers (29w, 9m) aged 30-55 years and BMI ≥27-<30 kg/m2 who consumed 200 ml/day of skimmed milk with 3g of CLAs or 3g olive oil (placebo). Anthropometric, biochemical and dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) tests were measured. Diet and physical activity were assessed. Results: Subjects maintained their habitual dietary and exercise patterns over the study. Only CLA group showed a significant decrease in weight (74.43 ± 10.45 vs 73.54 ± 11.66 kg, p = 0.029) and waist circumference (91.45 ± 10.33 vs 90.65 ± 9.84 cm, p = 0.012) between baseline and end of the study. BMI and waist height ratio decreased (28.44 ± 1.08 vs 27.81 ± 1.43 kg/m2, p = 0.030 and 0.57 ± 0.05 vs 0.56 ± 0.04 p = 0.013 respectively) in CLA group at the end. CLA group experienced a reduction in total fat mass after 24 weeks (38.62 ± 5.02 vs 36.65 ± 5.64%, p = 0.035). No decrease was observed in Control group. HOMA index had no changes. Conclusions: The consumption of skimmed milk enriched with 3g of a 1:1 mixture of c9-t11 and t10-c12 for 24 weeks led to a decrease in body weight and total fat mass in healthy, overweight subjects who maintained habitual diets and exercise patterns. No adverse effects were observed. Registered under ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier No. NCT01503047Introducción: Los ácidos linoleicos conjugados (ALC) han mostrado unos efectos beneficiosos en el tratamiento del control de peso; sin embargo, esta relación no está clara. Objetivo: El propósito de este estudio fue examinar los efectos y la seguridad de 3 g de una mezcla 1:1 de c9-t11 y t10-c12 sobre el control de peso y la composición corporal en individuos sanos con sobrepeso. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio clínico prospectivo, de grupos paralelos, de distribución aleatoria, a doble ciego y con control placebo, de 24 semanas de duración, en 38 voluntarios (29 mujeres, 9 hombres) con edades de 30-55 años y un IMC ≥27- < 30 kg/m2 que consumieron 200 ml/día de leche desnatada con 3 g de ALC o 3 g de aceite de oliva (placebo). Se midieron datos de antropometría, bioquímica y absorciometría dual de rayos X (DXA). Se evaluaron la dieta y la actividad física. Resultados: Los sujetos mantuvieron sus patrones habituales de dieta y ejercicio a lo largo del estudio. Sólo el grupo de ALC mostró una reducción significativa del peso (74,43 ± 10,45 vs 73,54 ± 11,66 kg, p = 0,029) y de la circunferencia de la cintura (91,45 ± 10,33 vs 90,65 ± 9,84 cm, p = 0,012) entre el periodo basal y el final del estudio. El IMC y el cociente cintura/talla disminuyeron (28,44 ± 1,08 vs 27,81 ± 1,43 kg/m2, p = 0,030 y 0,57 ± 0,05 vs 0,56 ± 0,04 p = 0,013, respectivamente) en el grupo ALC al final del estudio. El grupo ALC experimentó una reducción de la masa grasa total tras 24 semanas (38,62 ± 5,02 vs 36,65 ± 5,64 %, p = 0,035). No se observó reducción en el grupo control. El índice HOMA no experimentó cambios. Conclusiones: El consumo de leche desnatada enriquecida con 3 g de una mezcla 1:1 de c9-t11 y t10-c12 durante 24 semanas produjo un descenso del peso corporal y la masa grasa total en sujetos sanos con sobrepeso que mantuvieron sus patrones habituales de dieta y ejercicio físico. No se observaron efectos adversos. Registrado con el identificador núm. NCT01503047 en ClinicalTrials. govThis study was funded by CAPSA (Corporación Alimentaria Peñasanta

The Effects of the Type of Exercise and Physical Activity on Eating Behavior and Body Composition in Overweight and Obese Subjects

The aim of this study was to examine whether a type of exercise favors better compliance with a prescribed diet, higher eating-related motivation, healthier diet composition or greater changes in body composition in overweight and obese subjects. One hundred and sixty-two (males n = 79), aged 18-50 years, were randomized into four intervention groups during 24 weeks: strength, endurance, combined strength + endurance and guideline-based physical activity; all in combination with a 25-30% caloric restriction diet. A food frequency questionnaire and a "3-day food and drink record" were applied pre- and post-intervention. Diet and exercise-related motivation levels were evaluated with a questionnaire developed for this study. Body composition was assessed by DXA and habitual physical activity was measured by accelerometry. Body weight, body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage decreased and lean body mass increased after the intervention, without differences by groups. No interactions were observed between intervention groups and time; all showing a decreased in energy intake (p < 0.001). Carbohydrate and protein intakes increased, and fat intake decreased from pre- to post-intervention without significant interactions with intervention groups, BMI category or gender (p < 0.001). Diet-related motivation showed a tendency to increase from pre- to post-intervention (70.0 ± 0.5 vs 71.0 ± 0.6, p = 0.053), without significant interactions with intervention groups, BMI or gender. Regarding motivation for exercise, gender x time interactions were observed (F(1,146) = 7.452, p = 0.007): Women increased their motivation after the intervention (pre: 17.6 ± 0.3, post: 18.2 ± 0.3), while men maintained it. These findings suggest that there are no substantial effects of exercise type on energy intake, macronutrient selection or body composition changes. After a six-month weight loss program, individuals did not reduce their motivation related to diet or exercise, especially women. Individuals who initiate a long-term exercise program do not increase their energy intake in a compensatory fashion, if diet advices are included.The PRONAF Study takes place with the financial support of the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Convocatoria de Ayudas I+D 2008, Proyectos de Investigación Fundamental No Orientada, del VI Plan de Investigación Nacional 2008-2011, (Contract: DEP2008-06354-C04-01). This study was financed in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior—Brasil (CAPES)—Finance Code 001

INSTrumento de Apoyo infoGRAFico (InstaGRAF)

El "INSTrumento de Apoyo infoGRAFico (InstaGRAF)" es una actividad docente basada en la creación de un recurso educativo innovador en abierto y virtual que utiliza infografías y redes sociales para motivar, apoyar e incentivar el aprendizaje activo de los estudiantes aplicando de forma integradora los diferentes conocimientos teóricos impartidos en clases teóricas de los Grados de Farmacia y Nutrición Humana y Dietética durante el curso academico 2020/2021. Los resultados de la implantación de InstaGRAF durante el curso académico ponen de manifiesto que La elaboración de infografías y su difusión a través de redes sociales constituyen un método didáctico original y creativo bien aceptado y valorado por los estudiantes que les ha permitido comprender mejor los conceptos explicados en clase y ha contribuido a obtener un mejor rendimiento académico de los estudiantes participantes. La plataforma InstaGRAF podría ser una herramienta útil y sencilla con gran versatilidad que podría ser utilizada en cualquier asignatura y grado académico