Pseudospectral versus finite-differences schemes in the numerical integration of stochastic models of surface growth

We present a comparison between finite differences schemes and a pseudospectral method applied to the numerical integration of stochastic partial differential equations that model surface growth. We have studied, in 1+1 dimensions, the Kardar, Parisi and Zhang model (KPZ) and the Lai, Das Sarma and Villain model (LDV). The pseudospectral method appears to be the most stable for a given time step for both models. This means that the time up to which we can follow the temporal evolution of a given system is larger for the pseudospectral method. Moreover, for the KPZ model, a pseudospectral scheme gives results closer to the predictions of the continuum model than those obtained through finite difference methods. On the other hand, some numerical instabilities appearing with finite difference methods for the LDV model are absent when a pseudospectral integration is performed. These numerical instabilities give rise to an approximate multiscaling observed in the numerical simulations. With the pseudospectral approach no multiscaling is seen in agreement with the continuum model.Comment: 13 single column pages, RevTeX, 6 eps fig

Socioemotional development in children with callous-unemotional traits: A case study of a multimodal intervention

A subgroup of children with conduct disorder (CD) has callous unemotional traits (CU, e.g., lack of empathy, caring behaviours and remorse), which predicts a negative evolution of this disorder. Responses to empirically supported interventions are very low in children with CD and CU traits. This case study presents an individualized intervention with an 11-year-old child who shows a stable and aggressive pattern of disruptive behaviour (CD and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder) and severe CU traits. The goals of the intervention focused on both emotion recognition and parent training. The results of the treatment presented in this case study show advances in socioemotional development along with a decrease of problematic conduct, which improve the child’s ability to adapt to his environment. The need of personalizing and adjusting treatments aimed at modifying problematic conduct in children with CU is discussed to shed light on future approaches to clinical interventionDesarrollo socioafectivo de un niño con insensibilidad emocional: un estudio de caso. Un subgrupo de niños con problemas de conducta (PC) presenta también rasgos de insensibilidad emocional (falta de empatía, culpa y ausencia de conducta de cuidado) que predicen una evolución negativa del trastorno. Estos niños muestran baja respuesta a las intervenciones con apoyo empírico para los PC. Este estudio de caso presenta el tratamiento de un niño de 11 años con un comportamiento disruptivo severo (conducta problemática y TDAH) y pronunciados rasgos de insensibilidad emocional. Los objetivos de la intervención se centraron en el entrenamiento en reconocimiento emocional y en el entrenamiento parental. Los resultados del tratamiento muestran mejoras en el desarrollo socioafectivo del niño y disminución de las conductas problemáticas favoreciendo su adaptación al entorno. Se discute la necesidad de adaptar los tratamientos para modificar las conductas problema en los niños con insensibilidad emocionalLaura López-Romero’s contribution to this paper was partially supported by the Programa de Axudas á Etapa Posdoutoral da Xunta de Galicia (Consellería de Cultura, Educación e Ordenación Universitaria)S

Contenido mineral en aguas de riego de la costa de Granada

Este trabajo ha sido presentado en el V Congreso Nacional de la Sociedad Farmacéutica del Mediterráneo Latino, celebrado en Fuengirola (Málaga) en Diciembre de 1993.Este estudio recoge la determinación de Cu, Fe y Mn en aguas de riego de la costa de Granada (sureste de España). La técnica analítica utilizada ha sido la espectrofotometría de absorción atómica. Las concentraciones de Cu han oscilado entre no detectables y 0.20 mg/L, los niveles de Fe entre 0.1 y 1.00 mg/L, y las concentraciones de Mn entre no detectable y 2.80 mg/L. Se ha comprobado una correlación estadísticamente significativa entre los niveles de Fe y Mn.This study reports the determination of Cu, Fe and Mn in irrigation water from an area on coast of Granada (southeastem of Spain). The analytical technique used was atomic absorption spectrometry. The concentrations of Cu ranged from not detectable to 0.20 mg/L, the Fe levels from 0.1 to 1.00 mg/ L, and the Mn concentrations from not detectable to 2.80 mg/L. We could establish a significant correlation between Fe-Mn levels

Contenido mineral en aguas de riego de la costa de Granada

This study reports the determination of Cu, Fe and Mn in irrigation water from an area on coast of Granada (southeastem of Spain). The analytical technique used was atomic absorption spectrometry. The concentrations of Cu ranged from not detectable to 0.20 mg/L, the Fe levels from 0.1 to 1.00 mg/L, and the Mn concentrations from not detectable to 2.80 mg/L. We could establish a significant correlation between Fe-Mn levels.Este estudio recoge la determinación de Cu, Fe y Mn en aguas de riego de la costa de Granada (sureste de España). La técnica analítica utilizada ha sido la espectrofotometría de absorción atómica. Las concentraciones de Cu han oscilado entre no detectables y 0.20 mg/L, los niveles de Fe entre 0.1 y 1.00 mg/L, y las concentraciones de Mn entre no detectable y 2.80 mg/L. Se ha comprobado una correlación estadísticamente significativa entre los niveles de Fe y Mn

The galaxy major merger fraction to z ~ 1

Aims. The importance of disc-disc major mergers in galaxy evolution remains uncertain. We study the major merger fraction in a SPITZER/IRAC-selected catalogue in the GOODS-S field up to z ~ 1 for luminosity- and mass-limited samples. Methods. We select disc-disc merger remnants on the basis of morphological asymmetries/distortions, and address three main sources of systematic errors: (i) we explicitly apply morphological K-corrections; (ii) we measure asymmetries in galaxies artificially redshifted to z_d = 1.0 to deal with loss of morphological information with redshift; and (iii) we take into account the observational errors in z and A, which tend to overestimate the merger fraction, though use of maximum likelihood techniques. Results. We obtain morphological merger fractions (f_m^mph) below 0.06 up to z ~ 1. Parameterizing the merger fraction evolution with redshift as f_m^mph (z) = f_m^mph (0)(1 + z)^m, we find that m = 1.8 ± 0.5 for M(B)≤ -20 galaxies, while m = 5.4 ± 0.4 for M_* ≥ 10^10 M_⨀ galaxies. When we translate our merger fractions to merger rates (R_m^mph), their evolution, parameterized as R_m^mph (z) = R_m^mph (0)(1+ z)^n, is quite similar in both cases: n = 3.3 ± 0.8 for M(B) ≤ -20 galaxies, and n = 3.5 ± 0.4 for M_* ≥10^10 M_⨀ galaxies. Conclusions. Our results imply that only similar to 8% of today's M(star) ≥ 10^10 M_⨀ galaxies have undergone a disc-disc major merger since z ~ 1. In addition, ~ 21% of M_* ≥ 10(10) M_⨀ galaxies at z ~ 1 have undergone one of these mergers since z similar to 1.5. This suggests that disc-disc major mergers are not the dominant process in the evolution of M_* ≥ 10(10) M_⨀ galaxies since z 1, with only 0.2 disc-disc major mergers per galaxy, but may be an important process at z > 1, with ~ 1 merger per galaxy at 1 < z < 3

Effect of sperm concentration and storage temperature on goat spermatozoa during liquid storage

The use of cooled semen is relatively common in goats. There are a number of advantages of cooled semen doses, including easier handling of artificial insemination (AI) doses, transport, more AI doses per ejaculate, and higher fertility rates in comparison with frozen AI doses. However, cooled semen has a short shelf life. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of temperature and sperm concentration on the in vitro sperm quality during liquid storage for 48 h, including sperm motility and kinetics, response to oxidation, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and DNA fragmentation in goats. Three experiments were performed. In the first, the effects of liquid preservation of semen at different temperatures (5 °C or 17 °C), durations (0, 24 and 48 h) and sperm concentrations (250 × 106 sperm/mL (1:2 dilution rate), 166.7 × 106 sperm/mL (1:3 dilution rate) or 50 × 106 sperm/mL (1:10 dilution rate)) on sperm motility and kinetics were studied. In the second experiment, the effect of temperature, sperm washing and concentration on sperm motility and DNA fragmentation was studied. Finally, the effect of sperm concentration and duration of storage at 5 °C on sperm motility, response to oxidative stress and MMP was examined. We found that refrigerated liquid storage of goat sperm impaired sperm quality, such as motility, MMP and response to oxidation, as storage time increased; however, sperm DNA fragmentation index was not significantly affected. Liquid storage at 5 °C preserved higher total motility than at 17 °C. Moreover, we observed that the reduction of sperm concentration below 500 × 106 sperm/mL did not seem to improve the quality of spermatozoa conserved in milk-based extender in the conditions teste

The effect of seasoning with herbs on the nutritional, safety and sensory properties of reduced-sodium fermented Cobrançosa cv. table olives

This study aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of seasoning Cobrancosa table olives in a brine with aromatic ingredients, in order to mask the bitter taste given by KCl when added to reduced-sodium fermentation brines. Olives were fermented in two different salt combinations: Brine A, containing 8% NaCl and, Brine B, a reduced-sodium brine, containing 4% NaCl + 4% KCl. After the fermentation the olives were immersed in seasoning brines with NaCl (2%) and the aromatic herbs (thyme, oregano and calamintha), garlic and lemon. At the end of the fermentation and two weeks after seasoning, the physicochemical, nutritional, organoleptic, and microbiological parameters, were determined. The olives fermented in the reduced-sodium brines had half the sodium concentration, higher potassium and calcium content, a lower caloric level, but were considered, by a sensorial panel, more bitter than olives fermented in NaCl brine. Seasoned table olives, previously fermented in Brine A and Brine B, had no significant differences in the amounts of protein (1.23% or 1.11%), carbohydrates (1.0% or 0.66%), fat (20.0% or 20.5%) and dietary fiber (3.4% or 3.6%). Regarding mineral contents, the sodium-reduced fermented olives, presented one third of sodium, seven times more potassium and three times more calcium than the traditional olives fermented in 8% NaCl. Additionally, according to the panelists' evaluation, seasoning the olives fermented in 4% NaCl + 4% KCl, resulted in a decrease in bitterness and an improvement in the overall evaluation and flavor. Escherichia coli and Salmonella were not found in the olives produced.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Isolation of chick retina cones and study of their diversity based on oil droplet colour and nucleus position

The chick retina has four morphological cone types that differ not only in shape, but also in the visual pigment in the outer segment, in the colour of the oil droplet in the inner segment and in synaptic connectivity. Neither the type of droplet nor the visual pigment has been definitively established for the four cone types. The main aim of the present work has been the isolation of entire live photoreceptors in order to study the oil droplet colour in each cone type and to quantify each type. We have improved an earlier retinal cell isolation method and obtained large numbers of entire cones. Principal cones (27% of the cones) possess a yellow or colourless droplet. Accessory cones (27% of the cones) all contain a small pale green droplet. Straight cones (44% of the cones) have a red, orange, yellow, or colourless droplet. Oblique cones (1.66% of the cones) all have a colourless droplet. We have found that straight cones with a red, orange, or yellow droplet differ in terms of the position of the nucleus and their percentage and conclude that they are distributed in three rows in the outer nuclear layer (ONL) of the central retina. Our study of 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole-stained retinal sections has revealed three rows of nuclei instead of the two currently thought to form the ONL. Together, our results show a larger cone diversity than previously known, suggest a larger functional diversity and provide an efficient method for isolating entire chick photoreceptors

Massive star formation in Wolf-Rayet galaxies: II. Optical spectroscopy results

(Abridged) We have performed a comprehensive multiwavelength analysis of a sample of 20 starburst galaxies that show the presence of a substantial population of very young massive stars. In this paper, the second of the series, we present the results of the analysis of long-slit intermediate-resolution spectroscopy of star-formation bursts for 16 galaxies of our sample. We study the spatial localization of the WR stars in each galaxy. We analyze the excitation mechanism and derive the reddening coefficient, physical conditions and chemical abundances of the ionized gas. We study the kinematics of the ionized gas to check the rotation/turbulence pattern of each system. When possible, tentative estimates of the Keplerian mass of the galaxies have been calculated. Our analysis has revealed that a substantial fraction of the galaxies show evidences of perturbed kinematics. With respect to the results found in individual galaxies, we remark the detection of objects with different metallicity and decoupled kinematics in Haro 15 and Mkn 1199, the finding of evidences of tidal streams in IRAS 08208+2816, Tol 9 and perhaps in SBS 1319+579, and the development of a merging process in SBS 0926+606 A and in Tol 1457-262. All these results reinforce the hypothesis that interactions with or between dwarf objects is a very important mechanism in the triggering of massive star formation in starburst galaxies, specially in dwarf ones. It must be highlighted that only deep and very detailed observationscan provide clear evidences that these subtle interaction processes are taking place.Comment: Accepted in A&A. 51 pages, 40 Figures, 19 Tables. Full Version: http://www.atnf.csiro.au/people/Angel.Lopez-Sanchez/papers/MSFinWRG_II_main_ACCEPTED_26sep09.pd

Spatially resolved analysis of neutralwWinds, stars, and ionized gas kinematics with MEGARA/GTC: new insights on the nearby galaxy UGC 10205

We present a comprehensive analysis of the multiphase structure of the interstellar medium (ISM) and the stellar kinematics in the edge-on nearby galaxy UGC 10205 using integral field spectroscopy (IFS) data taken with MultiEspectrógrafo en GTC de Alta Resolución para Astronomía (MEGARA) at the GTC. We explore both the neutral and the ionized gas phases using the interstellar Na I D doublet absorption (LR−V setup, R ∼ 6000) and the Hα emission line (HR−R setup, R ∼ 18000), respectively. The high-resolution data show the complexity of the Hα emission-line profile revealing the detection of up to three kinematically distinct gaseous components. Despite of this fact, a thin-disk model is able to reproduce the bulk of the ionized gas motions in the central regions of UGC 10205. The use of asymmetric drift corrections is needed to reconciliate the ionized and the stellar velocity rotation curves. We also report the detection of outflowing neutral gas material blueshifted by ∼ 87 km s^(−1) . The main physical properties that describe the observed outflow are a total mass M_(out) = (4.55 ± 0.06) × 10^(7) Mʘ and a coldgas mass outflow rate M_(out) = 0.78 0.03 Mʘ yr^(−1) . This work points out the necessity of exploiting highresolution IFS data to understand the multiphase components of the ISM and the multiple kinematical components in the central regions of nearby galaxies