Influence of age, gender and obesity on pressure discomfort threshold of the foot: A cross-sectional study

[EN] Background: Foot pain is a highly prevalent health problem for which measures such as a pattern of Pressure Discomfort Threshold of the foot plantar surface can provide valuable information for orthosis design. This study aimed to describe such pattern as a tool for the assessment of painful conditions of the feet and to analyse how it modifies according to age, gender and obesity. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed with participants allocated in: Group 1 people aged 20 to 35 years, Group 2 aged 50 to 65 years and Group 3 aged over 65. Pressure Discomfort Threshold on twelve points of the foot plantar surface was measured with an adapted manual dynamometer. Inferential analyses of the data were performed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) considering foot areas, age group, gender and obesity. Findings: 36 participants were analysed. The pattern of Pressure Discomfort Threshold for all individuals showed a significantly higher threshold on the heel and external foot (P < 0.001, eta(2) = 0.124) and was statistical significantly influenced by age (P < 0.001, eta(2) = 0.17), especially in participants aged over 65; by gender, with women having higher values (P < 0.001, eta(2) = 0.13), and by obesity (P < 0.001, eta(2) = 0.19). Interpretation: A Pressure Discomfort Threshold pattern exists in the foot plantar surface. The characteristics of the discomfort pattern of the foot and its association with aging, gender and obesity may have considerable implications for orthosis and footwear design.Dueñas, L.; Arnal-Gómez, A.; Aparicio, I.; Balasch-Bernat, M.; López-Bueno, L.; Gonzalez Garcia, JC.; Solves Camallonga, C.... (2021). Influence of age, gender and obesity on pressure discomfort threshold of the foot: A cross-sectional study. 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Remote control of movement disorders using a photoactive adenosine A(2A) receptor antagonist

G protein-coupled adenosine receptors are promising therapeutic targets for a wide range of neuropathological conditions, including Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the ubiquity of adenosine receptors and the ultimate lack of selectivity of certain adenosine-based drugs have frequently diminished their therapeutic use. Photopharmacology is a novel approach that allows the spatiotemporal control of receptor function, thus circumventing some of these limitations. Here, we aimed to develop a light-sensitive caged adenosine A(2A) receptor (A(2A)R) antagonist to photocontrol movement disorders. We synthesized MRS7145 by blocking with coumarin the 5-amino position of the selective A(2A)R antagonist SCH442416, which could be photoreleased upon violet light illumination (405 nm). First, the light-dependent pharmacological profile of MRS7145 was determined in A(2A)R-expressing cells. Upon photoactivation, MRS7145 precluded A(2A)R ligand binding and agonist-induced cAMP accumulation. Next, the ability of MRS7145 to block A(2A)R in a light-dependent manner was assessed in vivo. To this end, A(2A)R antagonist-mediated locomotor activity potentiation was evaluated in brain (striatum) fiber-optic implanted mice. Upon irradiation (405 nm) of the dorsal striatum, MRS7145 induced significant hyperlocomotion and counteracted haloperidol-induced catalepsy and pilocarpine-induced tremor. Finally, its efficacy in reversing motor impairment was evaluated in a PD animal model, namely the hemiparkinsonian 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-lesioned mouse. Photo-activated MRS7145 was able to potentiate the number of contralateral rotations induced by L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA). Overall, MRS7145 is a new light-operated A(2A)R antagonist with potential utility to manage movement disorders, including PD

The Parkinson's disease-associated GPR37 receptor interacts with striatal adenosine A2A receptor controlling its cell surface expression and function in vivo

G protein-coupled receptor 37 (GPR37) is an orphan receptor associated to Parkinson's disease (PD) neuropathology. Here, we identified GPR37 as an inhibitor of adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR) cell surface expression and function in vivo. In addition, we showed that GPR37 and A2AR do oligomerize in the striatum. Thus, a close proximity of GPR37 and A2AR at the postsynaptic level of striatal synapses was observed by double-labelling post-embedding immunogold detection. Indeed, the direct receptor-receptor interaction was further substantiated by proximity ligation in situ assay. Interestingly, GPR37 deletion promoted striatal A2AR cell surface expression that correlated well with an increased A2AR agonist-mediated cAMP accumulation, both in primary striatal neurons and nerve terminals. Furthermore, GPR37−/− mice showed enhanced A2AR agonist-induced catalepsy and an increased response to A2AR antagonist-mediated locomotor activity. Overall, these results revealed a key role for GPR37 controlling A2AR biology in the striatum, which may be relevant for PD management

Criterios de Interpretación de la Edad en los Otolitos del Jurel negro (Trachurus trachurus) del Atlántico Nordeste

Este manual tiene como objetivo describir los métodos para la determinación de la edad anual del jurel negro (Trachurus trachurus, L 1758). Las técnicas para la determinación de la edad en estructuras calcificadas de especies pelágicas y bentónicas (disección, preparación y métodos) en el área del ICES (aguas atlánticas europeas) se han descrito recientemente en un manual publicado tanto en inglés como en castellano (Villamor et al., 2015; 2016). Este nuevo manual que presentamos aquí se centra solo, pero en mayor profundidad, en los criterios utilizados y estandarizados a nivel europeo para la interpretación de los anillos de crecimiento anual en los otolitos (lectura de otolitos) del jurel negro del Atlántico Nordeste. Este manual tiene como finalidad servir de referencia para los lectores de edad del jurel negro en los laboratorios del IEO y pretende también ser una guía para el entrenamiento de los nuevos participantes (lectores) en la determinación de la edad en los otolitos de jurel negro, para suplementar y complementar el entrenamiento que reciben del lector experto asignado para entrenarlos. También pretende ser una guía dinámica, que pueda cambiar a medida que sean introducidos nuevos criterios de interpretación tras ser evaluados y adoptados a nivel europeo. Este manual se basa en los últimos intercambios, talleres y publicaciones sobre la determinación de la edad del jurel negro (ICES, 1999; 2012; 2015). También se hace referencia a la biología de la especie ya que es fundamental tener conocimiento de ella para poder interpretar los otolitos con mayor precisión

Criterios de Interpretación de la Edad en los Otolitos del Jurel negro del Atlántico Nordeste (Trachurus trachurus) (versión 2)

Este manual tiene como objetivo describir los métodos para la determinación de la edad anual del jurel negro (Trachurus trachurus), centrándose en los criterios utilizados y estandarizados a nivel europeo para la interpretación de los anillos de crecimiento anual en los otolitos de jurel negro del Atlántico Nordeste. Este manual tiene como finalidad servir de referencia para los lectores de otolitos de jurel negro de los laboratorios del IEO y se basa en los últimos intercambios, talleres y publicaciones sobre la determinación de la edad del jurel negro (ICES 1999, 2012, 2015, 2018)

Criterios de Interpretación de la Edad en los Otolitos del Jurel blanco (Trachurus mediterraneus) del Atlántico Nordeste

Este manual tiene como objetivo describir los métodos para la determinación de la edad anual del jurel blanco (Trachurus mediterraneus, Steindachner, 1868). Las técnicas para la determinación de la edad en estructuras calcificadas de especies pelágicas y bentónicas (disección, preparación y métodos) en el área del ICES (aguas atlánticas europeas) se han descrito recientemente en un manual publicado tanto en inglés como en castellano (Villamor et al., 2015; 2016). Este nuevo manual que presentamos aquí se centra solo, pero en mayor profundidad, en los criterios utilizados y estandarizados a nivel europeo para la interpretación de los anillos de crecimiento anual en los otolitos (lectura de otolitos) del jurel blanco del Atlántico Nordeste. Este manual tiene como finalidad servir de referencia para los lectores de edad del jurel blanco en los laboratorios del IEO y pretende también ser una guía para el entrenamiento de los nuevos participantes (lectores) en la determinación de la edad en los otolitos de jurel blanco, para suplementar y complementar el entrenamiento que reciben del lector experto asignado para entrenarlos. También pretende ser una guía dinámica, que pueda cambiar a medida que sean introducidos nuevos criterios de interpretación tras ser evaluados y adoptados a nivel europeo. Este manual se basa en los últimos intercambios, talleres y publicaciones sobre la determinación de la edad del jurel blanco (ICES, 2012; 2015). También se hace referencia a la biología de la especie ya que es fundamental tener conocimiento de ella para poder interpretar los otolitos con mayor precisión

Review of concepts in therapeutic decision-making in HER2-negative luminal metastatic breast cancer

Purpose: Hormone receptor (HR)-positive, Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative metastatic breast cancer (MBC) requires a therapeutic approach that takes into account multiple factors, with treatment being based on anti-estrogen hormone therapy (HT). As consensus documents are valuable tools that assist in the decision-making process for establishing clinical strategies and optimize the delivery of health services, this consensus document has been created with the aim of developing recommendations on cretiera for hormone sensitivity and resistance in HER2-negative luminal MBC and facilitating clinical decision-making. Methods: This consensus document was generated using a modification of the RAND/UCLA methodology, which included the definition of the project and identification of issues of interest, a non-exhaustive systematic review of the literature, an analysis and synthesis of the scientific evidence, preparation of recommendations, and external evaluation with a panel of 64 medical oncologists specializing in breast cancer. Results: A Spanish panel of experts reached consensus on 32 of the 32 recommendations/conclusions presented in the first round and were accepted with an approval rate of 100% about definition of metastatic disease not susceptible to local curative treatment, definition of hormone sensitivity and hormone resistance in metastatic luminal disease and therapeutic decision-making. Conclusion: We have developed a consensus document with recommendations on the treatment of patients with HER2-negative luminal MBC that will help to improve therapeutic benefits

Usefulness of analysis of cerebrospinal fluid for the diagnosis of neurotransmitters and pterin defects and glucose and folate transport deficiencies across blood brain barrier

Med Clin (Barc). 2006 Jun 17;127(3):81-5. [Usefulness of analysis of cerebrospinal fluid for the diagnosis of neurotransmitters and pterin defects and glucose and folate transport deficiencies across blood brain barrier] [Article in Spanish] Ormazabal A, García Cazorla A, Pérez Dueñas B, Pineda M, Ruiz A, López Laso E, García Silva M, Carilho I, Barbot C, Cormand B, Ribases M, Moller L, Fernández Alvarez E, Campistol J, Artuch R. Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues, Barcelona, España. Abstract BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: In the last few years, it has been described inborn errors of neurotransmitter and pterin metabolism and defects in folate and glucose transport across blood brain barrier. All these defects are classified as rare diseases and needs cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) sample analysis for diagnosis. Our aim was to evaluate the results of the application of a CSF analysis protocol in a pediatric population from Spain and Portugal presenting with neurological disorders of unknown origin. PATIENTS AND METHOD: We studied CSF samples from and 283 patients with neurological disorders of unknown origin and 127 controls. Neurotransmitters were analysed by HPLC with electrochemical detection, and pterins and 5-methyltetrahydrofolate were determined by HPLC with fluorescence detection. RESULTS: We diagnosed 3 patients with tyrosine hidroxylase deficiency, 2 with dopa responsive dystonia, 14 with GTP-ciclohydrolase deficiency, 2 with glucose transport deficiency and 43 with cerebral folate deficiency. CONCLUSIONS: This study allowed us to diagnose new patients, and more importantly, the establishment in all of them of a pharmacological or nutritional treatment. The most frequent defect found was CSF 5-methyltetrahydrofolate deficiency, which was present in different groups of patients. PMID: 16827996 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE

Routine management of locally advanced cervical cancer with concurrent radiation and cisplatin. Five-year results

BACKGROUND: Globally, cervical cancer primarily affects socially disadvantaged women. Five randomized trials were the foundation for adopting cisplatin-based chemotherapy during radiation as the standard of care for high-risk patients after primary radical hysterectomy who require adjuvant radiation and for locally advanced patients treated with definitive radiation. These results were obtained in clinical trials performed in carefully prepared academic centers; hence, we sought to determine whether these results could be reproduced when patients were treated on an out-of-protocol basis. METHODS: We reviewed the files of 294 patients with locally advanced cervical cancer who received radiation plus weekly cisplatin as routine management between 1999 to 2003, and analyzed treatment compliance, response rate, toxicity, and survival. RESULTS: A total of 294 patients who received radiation and cisplatin were analyzed. Mean age was 43.8 years (range, 26–68 years). The majority of cases were squamous cell carcinoma (87.8%), and distribution according to International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage was as follows: IB2-IIA, 23%; IIB, 53.3%, and IIIB, 23%; there were only two IVA cases. Overall, 96% of patients completed external beam, and intracavitary therapy. The majority of patients (67%) received the planned six courses of weekly cisplatin. Complete responses were achieved in 243 (83%) patients, whereas 51 (17%) had either persistent (32 patients, 10.8%) or progressive (19 patients, 6.4%) disease. At median follow-up (28 months; range, 2–68 months), 36 patients (12.2%) have relapsed (locally 30.5, and systemically, 69.5%). The most common toxicities were hematologic and gastrointestinal, in the majority of cases considered mild-moderate. At median follow-up (28 months; range, 2–68 months), overall and progression-free survival are 76.5 and 67%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Our results support use of chemoradiation with six weekly applications of cisplatin at 40 mg/m(2 )during external radiation for routine management of locally advanced cervical cancer

Decisiones estratégicas y de alta dirección para la empresa Baldwin

El presente reporte de obtención de grado tiene como finalidad demostrar los conocimientos obtenidos en la maestría de administración de empresas, a través de un análisis detallado de desempeño de la empresa Baldwin de la cual los autores de este trabajo formaron el equipo directivo, en el simulador de negocios Capstone durante de ocho años de operación. El primer capítulo contiene el marco teórico, donde se encuentran teorías relacionadas con la planeación, desarrollo e implementación de una estrategia, modelos de negocios y liderazgo que permiten a las empresas ser exitosas en cualquier industria. Además, se citan diversos casos de éxito de empresas reales, donde se demuestra que la adecuada incorporación de estos conceptos ayuda alcanzar objetivos a largo plazo. El segundo capítulo expone el funcionamiento del simulador Capstone, las condiciones de la industria, los segmentos, los clientes y la competencia en general. Así mismo, se plantea la estrategia general de la empresa Baldwin, su filosofía empresarial y las diferentes tácticas por departamento. Los capítulos comprendidos del tres al seis evidencian los resultados obtenidos por la empresa en los años 2021 a 2028, analizando de manera detallada cuales fueron las tácticas por área y los desaciertos que implementó la compañía a través de los ocho años. Por último, el capítulo siete indica las conclusiones y enseñanzas generales por parte de cada uno de los integrantes del equipo que dejó el simulador y la maestría. Este trabajo es reflejo de las habilidades gerenciales, de los integrantes del equipo, ya que cada uno tenía a su cargo un área, aplicando diversos conocimientos adquiridos durante el MBA y sus respectivas trayectorias laborales.ITESO, A.C