La resolución por incumplimiento de la transacción

La transacción es un contrato poco tratado por los estudiosos del Derecho de las últimas décadas, de ahí la necesidad del presente trabajo basado en el análisis de la jurisprudencia, la doctrina y el derecho comparado e histórico. La falta de un estudio teórico preciso sobre el tema contrasta con la importancia práctica de la figura, entendida como una alternativa real al proceso judicial en una situación de colapso de los tribunales. Como el título de la obra sugiere, su hilo conductor gira en torno a las consecuencias del incumplimiento de lo acordado y si cabría que la parte cumplidora pudiera solicitar la resolución de la transacción o si, por el contrario, lo ya acordado tiene fuerza de cosa juzgada y vincula a las partes con la misma fuerza que las sentencias firmes o los laudos arbitrales. Ésta es la cuestión debatida y a la que se da respuesta a lo largo de la presente tesis doctoral.Settlement is a contractual type which has been quite neglected by law commentators for the last decades. Therefore, the present work is based on the analysis of case law, comparative and historical law doctrine. The lack of an accurate theoretical study on the subject contrasts with the current practical importance of settlement. This one appears as a real alternative to judicial proceeding facing the trouble of collapse in courts. As the title of the work suggests, its connecting theme rests on whether a settlement contract is rescindable or not in case of default. Provided one of the parties fails to comply with commitments derived from settlement, one wonders whether the other contractual party is entitled to regard settlement as it had never existed before, or this latter would still be binding with the same strength of a judgement or an arbitration award. This question is discussed and overcome throughout the thesis

El artículo 12 de la Convención y el deber de los estados partes de proteger a las personas con discapacidad en el ejercicio de su capacidad jurídica

El presente estudio pretende aportar una valoración crítica de la reciente reforma acaecida en el Código civil español en materia de capacidad jurídica. En concreto, en relación al deber de proteger el patrimonio de las personas con discapacidad contemplado en el artículo 12.5 in fine de la Convención de 2006, cuando impone a los Estados velar “por que las personas con discapacidad no sean privadas de sus bienes de manera arbitraria

Derecho ex cathedra. 1847-1936, diccionario de catedráticos españoles

Publicación de las entradas biográficas del Diccionario de catedráticos españoles de Derecho, accesible en http://www.uc3m.es/diccionariodecatedraticos. Al dar forma de libro al material hemos prescindido de algunos elementos informativos, que se mantienen en la página electrónica indicada. Se recogen ahora solamente a los ingresados en el cuerpo con anterioridad a la guerra civil.Publication of the biographical entries of the Diccionario de catedráticos españoles de Derecho, accessible at http://www.uc3m.es/diccionariodecatedraticos. By giving those material book form, we have dispensed with some informative elements, however kept on the web page. Only professors apointed prior to the Civil War are now included.Esta publicación forma parte del proyecto “La memoria del jurista español: génesis y desarrollo de las disciplinas jurídicas” (ref. DER2014-55035-C2-1-P/DER2014-55035-C2-2-P), financiado por el Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (España)

Violence of women againt men, myth or reality?

Artículo revisado por: Marzia Fiorini. Grupo de Investigación: Aprendizaje y Desarrollo en Contextos Educativos. Universidad de Granada; Jory Bolton. Trent UniversityEl sexismo ambivalente afectan de manera inmediata y permanente interfiriendo en la necesidad de cierre cognitivo, generando confusión, ambigüedad e incertidumbre en las personas victimas de la violencia de género. Este estudio explora la visión de que las mujeres puedan ejercer la violencia hacia los hombres. Método: Estudio exploratorio realizado en la Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación de la Universidad de Granada. Cuarenta y nueve mujeres, cumplimentaron el Inventario de Sexismo Ambivalente y la escala de Necesidad de Cierre Cognitivo. Resultados: El análisis estadístico muestra que no existen correlaciones significativas entre los resultados obtenidos. Conclusiones: La violencia de las mujeres hacia los hombres no es reconocida.Sexism affects victims in an immediate and permanent way, interfering with the need for cognitive closure and generating confusion, ambiguity and uncertainty in people victimized by gender-based violence. This study explores the idea that women can exercise violence against men. Method: Exploratory study carried out at the Faculty of Education of the University of Granada. Forty-nine women completed the Ambivalent Sexism Inventory and the Need for Cognitive Closure scale. Results: The statistical analysis shows that there is no significant correlation between the results obtained. Conclusions: Violence by women against men is not recognized.Universidad de Granada. Departamento de Psicología Social. Proyecto de Innovación Docente ReiDoCre

SAlBi educa (Tailored Nutrition App for Improving Dietary Habits): Initial Evaluation of Usability

In recent years, the use of applications to improve dietary habits has increased. Although numerous nutrition apps are available on the market, only few have been developed by health and nutrition professionals based on scientific evidence and subsequently tested to prove their usability. The main objective of this study was to design, develop, and evaluate the usability of a tailored nutrition application to be used to promote healthy eating habits. In order to decide app design and content, three focus groups took place with fifteen professionals from primary healthcare, nutrition, and food science and computer science, as well as expert users. For the general and feedback message design, a reference model based on the scientific literature was developed. To address the multi-perspective approach of users' and external healthcare professionals' feedback, a one-day pilot testing with potential users and healthcare professionals was conducted with four focus groups. To evaluate the relevance and potential usability of the app a 1-month pilot test was conducted in a real-life environment. A total of 42 volunteers participated in the one-day pilot testing, and 39 potential users participated in the 1-month pilot test. The SAlBi educa app developed includes an online dietary record, a self-monitoring tool to evaluate dietary patterns, general and feedback messages, and examples of traditional Mediterranean recipes. The usability study showed that volunteers think that SAlBi educa is pleasant (59%) and easy to learn to use (94%). Over 84% of the volunteers declared that the nutritional messages were clear and useful. Volunteers stated that general and tailored recommendations, as well as self-monitoring, were SAlBi educa's most motivating and useful features. SAlBi educa is an innovative, user-friendly nutritional education tool with the potential to engage and help individuals to follow dietary habits based on the Mediterranean model.Junta de Andalucía PIN-0050-201

Targeting Glioma Initiating Cells with A combined therapy of cannabinoids and temozolomide

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most frequent and aggressive type of brain tumor due, at least in part, to its poor response to current anticancer treatments. These features could be explained, at least partially, by the presence within the tumor mass of a small population of cells termed Glioma Initiating Cells (GICs) that has been proposed to be responsible for the relapses occurring in this disease. Thus, the development of novel therapeutic approaches (and specifically those targeting the population of GICs) is urgently needed to improve the survival of the patients suffering this devastating disease. Previous observations by our group and others have shown that Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC, the main active ingredient of marijuana) and other cannabinoids including cannabidiol (CBD) exert antitumoral actions in several animal models of cancer, including gliomas. We also found that the administration of THC (or of THC + CBD at a 1:1 ratio) in combination with temozolomide (TMZ), the benchmark agent for the treatment of GBM, synergistically reduces the growth of glioma xenografts. In this work we investigated the effect of the combination of TMZ and THC:CBD mixtures containing different ratios of the two cannabinoids in preclinical glioma models, including those derived from GICs. Our findings show that TMZ + THC:CBD combinations containing a higher proportion of CDB (but not TMZ + CBD alone) produce a similar antitumoral effect as the administration of TMZ together with THC and CBD at a 1:1 ratio in xenografts generated with glioma cell lines. In addition, we also found that the administration of TMZ + THC:CBD at a 1:1 ratio reduced the growth of orthotopic xenografts generated with GICs derived from GBM patients and enhanced the survival of the animals bearing these intracranial xenografts. Remarkably, the antitumoral effect observed in GICs-derived xenografts was stronger when TMZ was administered together with cannabinoid combinations containing a higher proportion of CBD. These findings support the notion that the administration of TMZ together with THC:CBD combinations - and specifically those containing a higher proportion of CBD - may be therapeutically explored to target the population of GICs in GBM.This work has been funded by the PI15/00339 grant, integrated into the State Plan for R & D + I2013-2016 and funded by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) (Spain) and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) and by grants from Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO)/ISCIII and ERDF (PS09/01401; PI12/02248,to GV), GW Pharma Ltd. (UK), Comunidad de Madrid (Spain) (S2011/BMD-2308 to MG), Fundación Mutua Madrileña (Spain) (AP101042012 to GV), Fundació La Marató de TV3 (Spain) (201334031 to GV), Voices Against Brain Cancer (US), and donations by The Medical Cannabis Bike Tour Foundation (The Netherlands) and Jeff Ditchfield. Israel López-Valero was supported by a predoctoral P-FIS contract from Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) and Cristina Sáiz was supported by a “Juan de la Cierva formación” contract of the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness.S

Short-Term Pilot Study to Evaluate the Impact of Salbi Educa Nutrition App in Macronutrients Intake and Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet: Randomized Controlled Trial

Promoting a healthy diet is a relevant strategy for preventing non-communicable diseases. This study aims to evaluate the impact of an innovative tool, the SAlBi educa nutrition app, in primary healthcare dietary counseling to improve dietary profiles as well as adherence to the Mediterranean diet. A multi-center randomized control trial comprising 104 participants was performed. Both control (n = 49) and intervention (n = 55) groups attended four once-weekly sessions focusing on healthy eating habits and physical activity, over one month. As well as attending the meetings, the intervention group used the app, which provides self-monitoring and tailored dietary advice based on the Mediterranean diet model. In a second intervention (one arm trial), the potential of SAlBi educa was evaluated for three months during the COVID-19 pandemic. At 4 weeks, the intervention group had significantly increased their carbohydrate intake (7.7% (95% CI: 0.16 to 15.2)) and decreased their total fat intake (−5.7% (95% CI: −10.4 to −1.15)) compared to the control group. Significant differences were also found for carbohydrates (3.5% (95% CI: −1.0 to 5.8)), total fats (−5.9% (95% CI: −8.9 to −3.0)), fruits and vegetables (266.3 g/day (95% CI: 130.0 to 402.6)), legumes (7.7g/day (95% CI: 0.2 to 15.1)), starchy foods (36.4 g/day (95% CI: 1.1 to 71.7)), red meat (−17.5 g/day (95% CI: −34.0 to −1.1)), and processed meat (−6.6 g/day (95% CI: −13.1 to −0.1)) intakes during the COVID-19 pandemic. SAlBi educa is a useful tool to support nutrition counseling in primary healthcare, including in special situations such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Trial registration: ISRCTN57186362.Consejería de Salud y Familia, Junta de Andalucía (Innovative Project in Health) grant number PIN-0050-2018

Natural Course of the Diffusing Capacity of the Lungs for Carbon Monoxide in COPD: Importance of Sex

[Background] The value of the single-breath diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide (Dlco) relates to outcomes for patients with COPD. However, little is known about the natural course of Dlco over time, intersubject variability, and factors that may influence Dlco progression.[Research Question] What is the natural course of Dlco in patients with COPD over time, and which other factors, including sex differences, could influence this progression?[Study Design and Methods] We phenotyped 602 smokers (women, 33%), of whom 506 (84%) had COPD and 96 (16%) had no airflow limitation. Lung function, including Dlco, was monitored annually over 5 years. A random coefficients model was used to evaluate Dlco changes over time.[Results] The mean (± SE) yearly decline in Dlco % in patients with COPD was 1.34% ± 0.015%/y. This was steeper compared with non-COPD control subjects (0.04% ± 0.032%/y; P = .004). Sixteen percent of the patients with COPD, vs 4.3% of the control subjects, had a statistically significant Dlco % slope annual decline (4.14%/y). At baseline, women with COPD had lower Dlco values (11.37% ± 2.27%; P < .001) in spite of a higher FEV1 % than men. Compared with men, women with COPD had a steeper Dlco annual decline of 0.89% ± 0.42%/y (P = .039).[Interpretation] Patients with COPD have an accelerated decline in Dlco compared with smokers without the disease. However, the decline is slow, and a testing interval of 3 to 4 years may be clinically informative. The lower and more rapid decline in Dlco values in women, compared with men, suggests a differential impact of sex in gas exchange function.[Trial Registry] ClinicalTrials.gov; No.: NCT01122758; URL: www.clinicaltrials.govThis study was funded in part by an unrestricted grant from AstraZeneca, and also by the COPD Research Program of the Spanish Respiratory Society (PII de EPOC of SEPAR).Peer reviewe