Análisis de la relación entre la estrategia de diversificación y el desempeño de la empresa: el rol del ciclo económico

[EN] The relationship between corporate strategies and firm performance has been one of the key debates in the discipline of Strategic Management. There are studies that analyse the moderating role that certain variables may play in that relationship. These variables tend to refer to aspects within the firm or, at the very least, within the competitive environment in which a firm operates. Nevertheless, the empirical evidence on the part the general environment plays from an economic perspective is much less common, and focuses on large corporations and on periods of economic growth. Accordingly, using a panel of 1,828 Spanish manufacturing firms of different sizes, an analysis is conducted of the differences in Return On Assets (ROA), Growth in Sales (GS) and Labor Productivity (LP) between specialised firms, those with related diversification, and those with unrelated diversification, between 2002 and 2011, in which there was a period of growth alternated with another one of economic recession. Although some superiority is noted of related diversification and specialisation over unrelated diversification, the differences between strategies are less significant in periods of economic recession, and vary according to the dimension of performance considered. These results reveal the need to consider the economic cycle as a contingent factor that affects the impact corporate strategies have on firm performance.[ES] La relación entre las estrategias corporativas y el desempeño empresarial ha sido uno de los debates centrales en la disciplina de la dirección estratégica. Diversos estudios analizan el rol moderador que juegan diversas variables en esta relación. Dichas variables tienden a referirse a aspectos internos de la empresa o, si acaso, a aspectos del entorno competitivo en el que la empresa opera. Sin embargo, es más escasa la evidencia empírica sobre el rol que desempeña el entorno general y suele enfocarse en grandes empresas y en períodos de crecimiento económico. En consecuencia, utilizando un panel de 1.828 empresas manufactureras españolas de diferentes tamaños, se realiza un análisis de las diferencias de rentabilidad sobre activos, crecimiento de ventas y productividad laboral entre empresas especializadas, con diversificación relacionada y con diversificación no relacionada, entre los años 2002 y 2011, en los cuales hubo un período de crecimiento alternado con otro de recesión económica. Aunque se destaca cierta superioridad de la diversificación relacionada y la especialización sobre la diversificación no relacionada, las diferencias entre estrategias son menos significativas en los períodos de recesión económica y varían de acuerdo a la dimensión de desempeño considerada. Estos resultados revelan la necesidad de considerar el ciclo económico como un factor contingente que afecta el impacto que las estrategias corporativas tienen sobre el desempeño de la empresa.This paper has been supported by Project ECO2015-67434-R of Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (Spain) and for the Excellent Research Group “Strategor” of URJC-Bank of Santander

Parentalidad positiva y autorregulación de aprendizaje en los adolescentes

The Self-Determination Theory study the motivation for student learning in relation to parenting, facilitating the factor of autonomy for self-regulated learning. In this conceptual framework, the objective of this work is to analyze the influence of parental achievement goals, support for autonomy and parental control on self-regulation of learning in adolescents in the city of Cuenca (Ecuador). A quantitative, descriptive and correlational cross-sectional focus is assumed. 1056 adolescents (47% female and 53% male) from 18 educational institutions, aged 14-19 years, and 1692 parents (56% mothers and 44% fathers) participated. The scales of: Self-regulation of Learning (Chávez & Merino., 2016), Achievement-Oriented Goals (Inda-Caro et al., 2020) and Autonomy Support Scale (Mageau et al., 2015) were applied. The data reveal a positive relationship between support for autonomy provided by parents and the autonomous regulation of adolescent learning. Consequently, it is confirmed that positive parenting is a promoter of this type of learning, of an active and self-directed nature, which could be associated with satisfactory academic results. From this derives the need for close family-school collaboration so that parents strengthen the type of parental behavior that facilitates the involvement of the student as protagonist of their learning process.La Teoría de la Autodeterminación estudia la motivación para el aprendizaje de los adolescentes en relación con la parentalidad, esta última un factor facilitador de la autonomía para el aprendizaje autorregulado. En este marco conceptual, el objetivo de esta investigación es conocer el papel de las metas de logro parental, el apoyo a la autonomía y el control parental en la autorregulación del aprendizaje en los adolescentes de la ciudad de Cuenca (Ecuador). Se asume un enfoque cuantitativo, correlacional de corte transversal. Participaron 1056 adolescentes (47% mujeres y 53% varones) de 18 instituciones educativas, con edades entre 14-19 años, y 1692 progenitores (56% madres y 44% padres). Se aplicaron las escalas de: Autorregulación del Aprendizaje (Chávez & Merino, 2016), Metas Orientadas al Logro (Inda-Caro et al., 2020) y Autonomy Support Scale (Mageau et al., 2015). Los datos revelan una relación positiva entre el apoyo a la autonomía que proporcionan los progenitores y la regulación autónoma del aprendizaje de los adolescentes. En consecuencia, se confirma que la parentalidad positiva es un factor promotor de este tipo de aprendizaje, de carácter activo y autodirigido, que podría estar asociado con resultados académicos satisfactorios. De ello se deriva la necesidad de una estrecha colaboración familia-escuela para que los padres y madres robustezcan el tipo de comportamiento parental que facilita la implicación del estudiante como protagonista de su proceso de aprendizaj

Proceso de inducción a personal en una empresa de alimentos.

El objetivo de la investigación fue, identificar la importancia del proceso de inducción de personal en la empresa Alimesa, S.A. Así mismo, detectar los problemas que genera la ausencia del proceso de inducción. El estudio se llevó a cabo en el mes de julio del año 2015, con 10 colaboradores, comprendidos entre los 20 a 40 años de edad, 2 hombres y 8 mujeres, que tenían más de 1 año de antigüedad en la empresa de alimentos ubicada en la 28 calle 11-04 colonia Granai & Towson II, zona 11, Guatemala. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron: un cuestionario abierto y una encuesta. Producto del proceso de evaluación se estructuró y se entregó una guía de inducción con los contenidos y las actualizaciones pertinentes, de acuerdo a las necesidades de la organización. Concluyó que, los problemas causados por la ausencia de una inducción en la empresa de alimentos son: desconocimiento organizacional, ausencia e incumplimiento de objetivos organizacionales y falta de sentido de pertenencia

Perceived parenting styles and adjustment during emerging adulthood: a cross-national perspective

The aim of the present study is to determine whether the influence of parenting style on children’s wellbeing is sustained during emerging adulthood. This is a stage in which young people, despite feeling themselves to be adults, often remain in the family home and continue to be financially dependent on their parents. Moreover, since parents’ beliefs, attitudes and behaviors are constructed and interpreted within their cultural milieu, the study also aims to explore the situation in Spain (SP) and Portugal (PT). Those two Southern Europe countries are representative of what is known as the “family welfare regime”, in which the family acts as the main provider of care and security not only during childhood, but also during emerging adulthood. Thus, the present study examines, from a cross-cultural perspective, the relationship between perceived parenting styles and psychological adjustment among a sample of 1047 emerging adults from Spain and Portugal. The results reveal that the most beneficial styles during this stage are the authoritative and permissive ones, with the authoritarian style being more closely related to psychological distress. The study highlights intercultural similarities and the positive role played by more symmetrical relationships in the adjustment of emerging adults in both countries.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad EDU2013-45687-RMinisterio de Economía y Competitividad RTI2018-097405-B-I0

La comunicación oral como competencia transversal de los estudiantes de Pedagogía y Magisterio: presentación del diseño metodológico de una innovación para su trabajo en el aula

El presente trabajo pretende dar a conocer la experiencia de innovación desarrollada por el grupo de investigación ASOCED del Departamento de Ciencias de la Educación de la Univer - sidad de Oviedo en varias asignaturas de las titulaciones de Pedagogía y diversas especialidades de la Diplomatura de Magisterio, con el objetivo de trabajar dentro de las aulas la competencia de la comunicación oral. Se presentan para ello las diferentes fases llevadas a cabo en el desarrollo del proyecto, así como los instrumentos y el tipo de evaluación previstaThe present work presents the innovation experience developed by the research group ASOCED. This group has been constituted by several teachers of the Educational Sciences Department at the University of Oviedo. The project has affected several subjects with the aim to promote oral communication competence inside the classrooms. This paper copes with the different phases carried out in the development of the project, as well as with the instruments and the type of foreseen evaluatio

Documentos Históricos : VIII. Homenaje a Mariano Manuel Martínez. Primera parte

Fil: López, Hugo Luis. División Zoología Vertebrados; Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo; Universidad Nacional de La PlataFil: Bó, María Susana. Laboratorio de Vertebrados; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Universidad Nacional de Mar del PlataFil: Ponte Gómez, Justina. División Zoología Vertebrados; Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo; Universidad Nacional de La Plat

Affective commitment to the employer brand: development and validation of a scale

In recent years employer branding has become increasingly important as a source of sustainable competitive advantage. Companies are trying to engender affective commitment in the best employees in a global labor market. We develop and validate a multidimensional scale to measure the strength of an employee´s affective commitment to the employer brand in five separate studies. In Study 1 and 2 the Affective Commitment to the Employer Brand (ACEB) scale was developed and tested for its factor structure, reliability and convergent validity. Study 3 examines additional reliability and discriminant validity, showing that the scale is differentiated from measures of satisfaction and motivation. Study 4 provides evidence of external validity. Lastly, Study 5 examines the scale´s nomological validity by investigating three experiential dimensions within a nomological network and showing that a positive experience with the employer brand is important in making the employee develop an affective commitment towards it. The limitations of the scale and the boundary conditions of its applicability are also discussed

Red Cross Presence and Prominence in Spanish Headlines during the First 100 Days of War in Ukraine

This research seeks to find out to what extent the Spanish press reflects the role played by the Red Cross during the first 100 days of the war in Ukraine. It aims to identify the main characteristics of the information in which the organization has taken a leading role in the press. The theoretical framework includes a literature review on the strategic relationship between the press and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) for the benefit of their reputation, as well as the role of the Red Cross in armed conflicts, and the link between the third sector and geopolitics. In order to examine how different media treated the Red Cross as the protagonist of the news, articles published in the written press that included “Red Cross” as keywords in the headline were selected through the Onclusive platform (formerly Kantar Media). The period of analysis covered the first 100 days of war in Ukraine, from 24 February to 3 June 2022. The methodology used was developed in two phases: the first based on content analysis, and the second focused on the description and interpretation of the informative development of the sample. The results reveal that the role of the Red Cross in the conflict is not the focus of media attention and that its name has become a lure for political communication, for social events or for the publicity of the more traditional corporate social responsibility (CSR) of companies. We can say that the relationship between the Red Cross and the written press has not contributed to explaining or clearly expressing the institution’s task or mission in a war. This is why it can be deduced that the articles analyzed do not improve the brand value and its positioning among readers

A LQR-based controller with estimation of road bank for improving vehicle lateral and rollover stability via active suspension

In this article, a Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) lateral stability and rollover controller has been developed including as the main novelty taking into account the road bank angle and using exclusively active suspension for both lateral stability and rollover control. The main problem regarding the road bank is that it cannot be measured by means of on-board sensors. The solution proposed in this article is performing an estimation of this variable using a Kalman filter. In this way, it is possible to distinguish between the road disturbance component and the vehicle's roll angle. The controller's effectiveness has been tested by means of simulations carried out in TruckSim, using an experimentally-validated vehicle model. Lateral load transfer, roll angle, yaw rate and sideslip angle have been analyzed in order to quantify the improvements achieved on the behavior of the vehicle. For that purpose, these variables have been compared with the results obtained from both a vehicle that uses passive suspension and a vehicle using a fuzzy logic controller.This work might not have been possible without the funds provided by the Spanish Government through the projects TRA2013-48030-C2-1-R and TRA2008-05373/AUT