Méthodes statistiques d'analyse spatiale en épidémiologie

LE KREMLIN-B.- PARIS 11-BU Méd (940432101) / SudocPARIS-BIUP (751062107) / SudocSudocFranceF

Utilisation de fonction d'une perte quadratique pondérée dans les approches bayésiennes : application à la cartographie d'indicateur de santé

National audienc

Le lien de l’individu et de la politique

L'article est consacré à l'analyse des approches de l'évaluation du lien entre l'individu et la politique. Dans l'article est présenté le concept du cycle de vie politique, qui permet de concilier les paradigmes existants, préciser les rôles et les fonctions des acteurs dans la politique publique

Misspecification of within-area exposure distribution in ecological Poisson models

International audienc

Associations between Green Space and Health in English Cities: An Ecological, Cross-Sectional Study

<div><p>Green space has been identified as a modifiable feature of the urban environment and associations with physiological and psychological health have been reported at the local level. This study aims to assess whether these associations between health and green space are transferable to a larger scale, with English cities as the unit of analysis. We used an ecological, cross-sectional study design. We classified satellite-based land cover data to quantify green space coverage for the 50 largest cities in England. We assessed associations between city green space coverage with risk of death from all causes, cardiovascular disease, lung cancer and suicide between 2002 and 2009 using Poisson regression with random effect. After adjustment for age, income deprivation and air pollution, we found that at the city level the risk of death from all causes and a priori selected causes, for men and women, did not significantly differ between the greenest and least green cities. These findings suggest that the local health effects of urban green space observed at the neighbourhood level in some studies do not transfer to the city level. Further work is needed to establish how urban residents interact with local green space, in order to ascertain the most relevant measures of green space.</p></div

Scatter plots of green space coverage and male and female age-standardised mortality ratios by causes of death a) all causes, b) lung cancer, c) suicide and d) cardiovascular disease, for each English city included in the analysis.

<p>Lines show fitted values from univariate regression analyses. All standardised mortality ratios are listed in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0119495#pone.0119495.s001" target="_blank">S1 Table</a>. Pearson’s correlation (r) for green space coverage and health outcome specific standardised mortality ratio: all causes M: −0.22, F: 0.23; lung cancer M: −0.18, F: −0.16; suicide M: 0.18, F: 0.13; cardiovascular disease M: −0.24, F: −0.21.</p

Cities included in the study.

<p>The inset of Peterborough shows the construction of the city boundaries through aggregation of SOAs.</p