Un profesor experto en humanidad. Método y virtudes del educador

La aplicación del método científico a la tarea educativa ha tenido ventajas e inconvenientes. De una parte, ha permitido desarrollar ampliamente las técnicas educativas; de otra parte, entender la educación como una ciencia al modo moderno ha olvidado su finalidad más importante: el cultivo perfeccionador de la naturaleza humana. Se precisa recuperar este fin en la tarea educativa y se proponen para ello dos medidas. La primera, recuperar el método socrático para alcanzar lo verdadero, lo bueno y lo bello. La segunda, que el profesor desempeñe su tarea desde el desarrollo de su propia humanidad, es decir, desde las virtudes

A refined analysis of the low-mass eclipsing binary system T-Cyg1-12664

The observational mass-radius relation of main sequence stars with masses between ~0.3 and 1.0 Msun reveals deviations between the stellar radii predicted by models and the observed radii of stars in detached binaries. We generate an accurate physical model of the low-mass eclipsing binary T-Cyg1-12664 in the Kepler mission field to measure the physical parameters of its components and to compare them with the prediction of theoretical stellar evolution models. We analyze the Kepler mission light curve of T-Cyg1-12664 to accurately measure the times and phases of the primary and secondary eclipse. In addition, we measure the rotational period of the primary component by analyzing the out-of-eclipse oscillations that are due to spots. We accurately constrain the effective temperature of the system using ground-based absolute photometry in B, V, Rc, and Ic. We also obtain and analyze V, Rc, Ic differential light curves to measure the eccentricity and the orbital inclination of the system, and a precise Teff ratio. From the joint analysis of new radial velocities and those in the literature we measure the individual masses of the stars. Finally, we use the PHOEBE code to generate a physical model of the system. T-Cyg1-12664 is a low eccentricity system, located d=360+/-22 pc away from us, with an orbital period of P=4.1287955(4) days, and an orbital inclination i=86.969+/-0.056 degrees. It is composed of two very different stars with an active G6 primary with Teff1=5560+/-160 K, M1=0.680+/-0.045 Msun, R1=0.799+/-0.017 Rsun, and a M3V secondary star with Teff2=3460+/-210 K, M2=0.376+/-0.017 Msun, and R2=0.3475+/-0.0081 Rsun. The primary star is an oversized and spotted active star, hotter than the stars in its mass range. The secondary is a cool star near the mass boundary for fully convective stars (M~0.35 Msun), whose parameters appear to be in agreement with low-mass stellar model.Comment: 18 pages, 15 figures, 15 table

Rosen’s projection method for SVM training

This is an electronic version of the paper presented at the 17th European Symposium on Artificial Neural Networks, held in Bruges on 2009In this work we will give explicit formulae for the application of Rosen’s gradient projection method to SVM training that leads to a very simple implementation. We shall experimentally show that the method provides good descent directions that result in less training iterations, particularly when large precision is wanted. However, a naive kernelization may end up in a procedure requiring more KOs than SMO and further work is needed to arrive at an efficient implementation.With partial support of Spain’s TIN 2007–66862 project and Cátedra UAM–IIC en Modelado y Predicción. The first author is kindly supported by FPU-MICINN grant reference AP2007–00142

Least 1-Norm SVMs: a new SVM variant between standard and LS-SVMs

This is an electronic version of the paper presented at the 18th European Symposium on Artificial Neural Networks, held in Bruges on 2010Least Squares Support Vector Machines (LS-SVMs) were proposed by replacing the inequality constraints inherent to L1-SVMs with equality constraints. So far this idea has only been suggested for a least squares (L2) loss. We describe how this can also be done for the sumof-slacks (L1) loss, yielding a new classifier (Least 1-Norm SVMs) which gives similar models in terms of complexity and accuracy and that may also be more robust than LS-SVMs with respect to outliers.With partial support of Spain’s TIN 2007–66862 project and Cátedra IIC en Modelado y Predicción. The first author is kindly supported by FPU-MICINN grant reference AP2007– 00142

Determining Remaining Lifetime of Wind Turbine Gearbox Using a Health Status Indicator Signal

Wind turbine component's failure prognosis allows wind farm owners to apply predictive maintenance techniques to their fleets. This permits optimal scheduling of the maintenance actions considering the best time to stop the turbines and perform those actions. Determining the health status of a turbine's component typically requires verifying a wide number of variables that should be monitored simultaneously. The scope of this study is the investigation and the selection of an effective combination of variables and smoothing and forecasting methodologies for obtaining a wind turbine gearbox health status indicator, in order to interpret clearly the remaining lifetime of the gearbox. The proposed methodology is based on Gaussian Mixture Copula Model (GMCM) models combined with the smoothing treatment and the forecasting model to define the health index of the wind turbine gearbox. Then, the resulting index is tested using various warning and critical thresholds. These thresholds should be chosen adequately in order to indicate appropriate inspection visit and preventive maintenance intervention date. Then, the best combination found, for the studied cases, was 50% and 70% for warning and critical respectively. This combination ensures that the developed procedure is capable of providing long enough time window for maintenance decision making

Kinetics and mechanism of gas-phase thermolysis using headspace-gas chromatographic analysis

Headspace gas chromatography is employed in order to study the thermal decomposition reaction of gaseous di-tert-butyl peroxide (DTBP) in the 130°C to 160°C temperature range and in the presence of n-hexane as the internal standard and nitrogen as the carrier gas. The reaction exclusively yields acetone and ethane as products. First-order kinetics are observed, including when the surface-to-volume ratio (S/V) of the Pyrex 20-mL vial employed as the reactor is increased by packing it with silanized glass wool. However, a small increase in the rate constant values is observed at each temperature, which supports a heterogeneous surface process in DTBP decomposition. The rate constant's dependence on the homogeneous unimolecular decomposition reaction corresponds to the O-O bond rupture of the DTBP molecule in a stepwise three-stage mechanism. Thus, the relevant question of the participation of a surface catalytic effect in the DTBP gas-phase thermolysis can easily be assessed through the procedure described in this work. In general, this is advantageous for the rapid investigation of the reaction kinetics of volatile compounds at different temperatures.Laboratorio de Estudio de Compuestos Orgánico

Solvent and substituent effects on the kinetics of thermolysis of cis-fused 1,2,4-trioxanes

The kinetics of the thermal decomposition reaction of cis-6-phenyl-5,6-(2- phenylpropyliden)-3,3-pentamethylene-1,2,4-trioxacyclohexane (Ia) were investigated in benzene and methanol solutions in the temperature and concentration ranges of 353.3-413.2 K and (1.1 - 13.1)×10-3 M, respectively. First-order rate constant values were obtained for up to at least ca. 20% conversions of that cyclic peroxide. The activation parameter values for the initial unimolecular homolysis of that molecule, results supported by the effect of the addition of di-tert-butyl-p-cresol as a free radical scavenger, indicate a stepwise reaction mechanism which is in keeping with the reaction products analysis. The corresponding activation parameters for the reaction of Ia in methanol (ΔH# = 20.2 ± 0.6 kcal mol-1; ΔS# = 0.1 ± 1.6 cal mol-1K-1; ΔG# = 20.2 ± 0.6 kcal mol-1 and in benzene (ΔH# = 15.4 ± 0.2 kcal mol-1; ΔS# = -13.2 ± 0.5 cal mol-1K-1; ΔG# = 20.5 ± 0.2 kcal mol-1 solutions are compared with values obtained for cis-6-phenyl-5,6-(2-phenylpropyliden)-3,3- tetramethylene-1,2,4-trioxacyclohexane (Ib) thermolysis in the same solvents. The thermolysis kinetics of Ia are less sensitive to solvent changes compared to the behaviour already reported for the analogous reactions of Ib. Because both molecules in solution are flexible structures due to their configurations, the relatively small solvent effect found on the former trioxane reaction is attributed to the extent of the chain of methylene groups attached on C-3 of the corresponding molecular rings. Furthermore, the pertinent substituent effect on the peroxidic bond strength of those molecules in solution was evaluated.Facultad de Ciencias Exacta

Solvent and substituent effects on the thermolysis of antimalarial fluorophenyl substituted 1,2.4-trioxanes

The kinetics and mechanism of the thermal decomposition reaction of cis-6-(4-fluoropheny1)-5,6-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)-propylidene]-3, 3-tetramethylene-1,2,4-trioxacyclo-hexane (I) were investigated separately in n-hexane and in methanol solutions over the temperature and concentration ranges of 393.2-443.2 K and 2.7-54 × 10-5 M, respectively. The values of the activation parameters for both reactions were compared with the corresponding ones for the thermolysis of cis-6-(4-fluorophenyl-5,6-[2-(4- fluorophenyl)-3-hydroxypropylidene]-3,3-tetramethylene-1,2,4-trioxacyclohexane (II), investigated in the same solvents and temperature range. Substituent and solvent effects on the initial homolytic rupture of the O-O peroxydic bonds of those molecules were evaluated.Facultad de Ciencias Exacta