Can thiamine pyrophosphate prevent desflurane induced hepatotoxicity in rats?

Cetin, Nihal/0000-0003-3233-8009; Arslan, Aynur/0000-0001-5968-5823; yilmaz, adnan/0000-0003-4842-1173WOS: 000374189100004PubMed: 27050787PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) against desflurane induced hepatotoxicity. METHODS: Thirty experimental animals were divided into groups as healthy (HG), desflurane control (DCG), TPP and desflurane group (TDG). 20 mg/kg TPP was injected to intraperitoneally TDG. After one hour of TPP administration, desflurane was applied for two hours. After 24 hours, liver tissues of the animals killed with decapitation were removed. the oxidant/antioxidant levels and ALT, AST and LDH activities were measured. the histopathological examinations were performed in the liver tissues for all rats. RESULTS: Notwithstanding the levels of oxidants and liver enzymes were significantly increased (p<0.0001), antioxidant levels were significantly decreased in DCG (p<0.0001). on contrary to the antioxidant parameters were increased (p<0.05) the oxidant parameters and liver enzymes were decreased in TDG (p<0.0001). Whereas multiple prominent, congestion, hemorrhage and dilatation were observed in sinusoids and lymphocyte-rich inflammation results in the centrilobular and portal areas of liver tissue in DCG, these findings were observed less frequently in TDG. CONCLUSION: Thiamine pyrophosphate prevented liver oxidative damage induced with desflurane and may be useful in prophylaxis of desflurane induced hepatotoxicity.Erzincan University Scientific Research Projects DepartmentErzincan Binali Yildirim University [SAG-B-080715-0173]Erzincan University Scientific Research Projects Department (Project no SAG-B-080715-0173

Design, Performance and Calibration of the CMS Forward Calorimeter Wedges

We report on the test beam results and calibration methods using charged particles of the CMS Forward Calorimeter (HF). The HF calorimeter covers a large pseudorapidity region (3\l |\eta| \le 5), and is essential for large number of physics channels with missing transverse energy. It is also expected to play a prominent role in the measurement of forward tagging jets in weak boson fusion channels. The HF calorimeter is based on steel absorber with embedded fused-silica-core optical fibers where Cherenkov radiation forms the basis of signal generation. Thus, the detector is essentially sensitive only to the electromagnetic shower core and is highly non-compensating (e/h \approx 5). This feature is also manifest in narrow and relatively short showers compared to similar calorimeters based on ionization. The choice of fused-silica optical fibers as active material is dictated by its exceptional radiation hardness. The electromagnetic energy resolution is dominated by photoelectron statistics and can be expressed in the customary form as a/\sqrt{E} + b. The stochastic term a is 198% and the constant term b is 9%. The hadronic energy resolution is largely determined by the fluctuations in the neutral pion production in showers, and when it is expressed as in the electromagnetic case, a = 280% and b = 11%

Design, Performance, and Calibration of CMS Hadron-Barrel Calorimeter Wedges

Extensive measurements have been made with pions, electrons and muons on four production wedges of the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) hadron barrel (HB) calorimeter in the H2 beam line at CERN with particle momenta varying from 20 to 300 GeV/c. Data were taken both with and without a prototype electromagnetic lead tungstate crystal calorimeter (EB) in front of the hadron calorimeter. The time structure of the events was measured with the full chain of preproduction front-end electronics running at 34 MHz. Moving-wire radioactive source data were also collected for all scintillator layers in the HB. These measurements set the absolute calibration of the HB prior to first pp collisions to approximately 4%

Comparison of minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of tigecycline in 2011 and 2015 years against multidrug-resistance acinetobacter baumannii strains

Acinetobacter baumannii is an opportunistic pathogen that causing nosocomial infections. The microorganisms can be developed resistance to antimicrobials very quickly by different mechanisms. Infections defend by MDR strains, caused require long-term hospitalization high morbidity and mortality. Tigecycline is one of the few antimicrobials which have activity against MDR A. baumannii strains. In Meta-analyzes and clinical study reported that a rising risk of mortality in tigecycline-treated patients due to an increase in resistance of these strains. In our study, we aimed to compare the MICs values of tigecycline and determine the resistance rates of tigecycline against to MDR A. baumannii strains in 2011 and 2015. Tigecycline MIC values of 200 A. baumannii isolates were determined by the broth microdilution method. Final concentrations were prepared as 16&#956;g/ml to 0.06&#956;g/ml. Tigecycline MICs breakpoint values comments on breakpoint values of Enterobacteriaceae that have been proposed by FDA. In 2011, tigecycline values of MIC50 and MIC 90 found 0.5&#956;g/ml, 1&#956;g/ml, respectively against to MDR A. baumannii strains. In 2015, tigecycline values of MIC50 and MIC90 found 1&#956;g/ml, 4&#956;g/ml, respectively. In 2011 the 4%, while in 2015, 16% of A. baumannii strains tigecycline MICs were determined over 2&#956;g/ml. and that this was interpreted as the resistance. Tigecycline can be still use as an alternative antimicrobial for treatment of A. baumannii strains, especially in our hospitals intensive care units. However, to avoid the development of resistance against tigecycline, we should prevent the irrational use of antibiotics. The implementation of treatment should be based on antimicrobial susceptibility test results. [Med-Science 2017; 6(1.000): 26-9

Can endocan be a new biomarker in ventilator-associated pneumonia?

Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP) is a hospital-acquired bacterial infection with high incidence and mortality rate. The aim of this study is to investigate the correlation between the Endocan level and development of VAP and whether or not this correlation was correlated with the clinical findings. Demographic data, white blood cell (WBC) count, procalcitonin (PCT), c-reactive protein (CRP), and fever levels of 60 patients were recorded in serial measurements for 5 days. When there was the presence of fever or elevated Endocan, alveolar lavage culture was taken and chest radiographies were taken. Correlations of the Endocan levels with the culture results and laboratory values were examined. The rate of VAP was found as 10.4/1000 mechanical ventilator days. Endocan levels were significantly higher in patients with VAP (p  0.05). No correlation was found between Endocan levels and PCT, WBC and CRP levels in those with VAP (p > 0.05). A significant correlation was found between the Endocan level and the elevated fever 24 h later (p:0.001). The serum Endocan level on the day 3 had a specificity of 73.3%, a sensitivity of 68.9%, positive predictive value of 44%, and negative predictive value of 88.5% at the cut off level of 9.17 ng/mL. In this study, it was determined that high Endocan levels were associated with the development of VAP. The present study suggested that Endocan can be used as a screening tool for the development of VAP. Clinical Trials.gov ID: NCT02916277. Keywords: Biomarker, Endocan, Ventilator-associated pneumoni

An experimental study on the preventive effects of N-acetyl cysteine and ozone treatment against contrast-induced nephropathy

Purpose: To compare the preventive effects of N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), ozone preconditioning and ozone treatment against contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) in an experimental rat model