Educational Administration: Theory and Practice

Educational Administration: Theory & Practice: Vol 25, Issue

Studies on physico-chemical characteristics and microbial diversity of top-soil collected from proposed coal mining area of Latehar district, Jharkhand

Mining is the extraction of valuable minerals from earth. Mining creates pollution which affects the surrounding environment. Loss of many biological species and deterioration of soil quality were the ultimate consequences. During mining, companies should adopt mitigation measures for maintaining good environmental conditions. EIA (Environment Impact Assessment) is required to understand the status of the environment that will help in taking up appropriate strategy to combat any adverse effect on it. Soil status is one of the key factors in the EIA. Land rehabilitation and mine reclamation are very crucial after finishing of mining. For this purpose the present study was conducted on physico-chemical characteristics and microbial diversity of top soil from selected villages (Nawari, Tubed and Dhobiajharan) in the proposed coal mining area of Tubed Coal Mines Ltd., Latehar district, Jharkhand, India. The results showed that the pH of the soil was found to be slightly acidic in nature. The bulk density and the specific gravity of the soil samples were very low, that indicates that the soil samples contain higher organic matter which is suitable for the growth of plants. The Chloride content ranged between 8.62 – 12.69 mg/g which is far higher than normal range (0.3 -1 mg/g). Potassium content is extremely high in all the soil samples which ranged between 566- 597 Kg/ha except the soil samples from Dhobiajharan village which is found to be very low 63 Kg/ha (normal range is 198.5-254.1 Kg/ha). 5 bacterial species (Bacillus species, Micrococcus species, Pseudomonas species, Staphylococcus species and Enterobacter species) and one fungal species (Aspergillus sp.) were identified from the soil samples. From the result it is concluded that the soils is rich in macronutrients which is essential for the growth of plants. Hence the suitability of the soil should be maintained after completion of mining in the proposed area

Fabrication of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) and CNT Filled PVA Nanofibers by Electro Hydro Jets Spinning

Electrospinning is a versatile tool for the formation of nanofibers from the materials of diverse origin like organic polymers, ceramics, and polymers/ceramics composites. Here we demonstrate the formation of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) nanofibers with an average diameter in the range of 60 nm to 150 nm. The FTIR data gives the presence of PolyvinylAlcohol (PVA) and their chemical bonding. The structure and the alignment of the nanofibers were observed using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)

Synthesis of spirocyclic enones by rhodium-catalyzed dearomatizing oxidative annulation of 2-alkenylphenols with alkynes and enynes

The dearomatizing oxidative annulation of 2-alkenylphenols with alkynes and enynes proceeds with high yields and regioselectivities under Rh(III) catalysis. These reactions are successful using Cu(OAc)2 or air as the stoichiometric oxidant, and provide spirocyclic enones, the basic ring system of which appears in several natural products. Application of this process to the preparation of a highly functionalized tetracycle is also demonstrated

Genome-wide association study reveals novel genomic regions governing agronomic and grain quality traits and superior allelic combinations for Basmati rice improvement

BackgroundBasmati is a speciality segment in the rice genepool characterised by explicit grain quality. For the want of suitable populations, genome-wide association study (GWAS) in Basmati rice has not been attempted.MaterialsTo address this gap, we have performed a GWAS on a panel of 172 elite Basmati multiparent population comprising of potential restorers and maintainers. Phenotypic data was generated for various agronomic and grain quality traits across seven different environments during two consecutive crop seasons. Based on the observed phenotypic variation, three agronomic traits namely, days to fifty per cent flowering, plant height and panicle length, and three grain quality traits namely, kernel length before cooking, length breadth ratio and kernel length after cooking were subjected to GWAS. Genotyped with 80K SNP array, the population was subjected to principal component analysis to stratify the underlying substructure and subjected to the association analysis using Bayesian-information and Linkage-disequilibrium Iteratively Nested Keyway (BLINK) model.ResultsWe identified 32 unique MTAs including 11 robust MTAs for the agronomic traits and 25 unique MTAs including two robust MTAs for the grain quality traits. Six out of 13 robust MTAs were novel. By genome annotation, six candidate genes associated with the robust MTAs were identified. Further analysis of the allelic combinations of the robust MTAs enabled the identification of superior allelic combinations in the population. This information was utilized in selecting 77 elite Basmati rice genotypes from the panel.ConclusionThis is the first ever GWAS study in Basmati rice which could generate valuable information usable for further breeding through marker assisted selection, including enhancing of heterosis