Different Effects of Myoinositol plus Folic Acid versus Combined Oral Treatment on Androgen Levels in PCOS Women

Recently, myoinositol (myo-ins) and folic acid combination has gained an important role for treating Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), in addition to combined oral contraceptives (COC). We aimed to examine myo-ins effects on anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) levels and compare them with those ones obtained administering COC. In this prospective study, 137 PCOS patients, diagnosed according to Rotterdam criteria and admitted to the Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility Outpatient Clinic at Dokuz Eylul University (Izmir, Turkey), were included. After randomization to COC (n=60) and myo-ins (n=77) arms, anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, Modified Ferriman Gallwey scores were calculated. Biochemical and hormonal analysis were performed, and LH/FSH and Apo B/A1 ratios were calculated. Data analysis was carried out in demographically and clinically matched 106 patients (COC = 54; myo-ins = 52). After 3-month treatment, increase in HDL and decreases in LH and LH/FSH ratio were statistically more significant only in COC group when compared with baseline (in both cases p>0.05). In myo-ins group, fasting glucose, LDL, DHEAS, total cholesterol, and prolactin levels decreased significantly (for all p<0.05). Progesterone and AMH levels, ovarian volume, ovarian antral follicle, and total antral follicle counts lessened significantly in both groups (for all p<0.05). In PCOS treatment, MYO is observed more effective in reductions of total ovarian volume and AMH levels

Comparación de los efectos de la dexmedetomidina administrada en 2 momentos diferentes para lesión de isquemia-reperfusión renal en ratones

ResumenJustificación y objetivosinvestigar los efectos de la dexmedetomidina sobre la insuficiencia renal isquémica en ratones.Métodosen el presente estudio, 26 ratones machos adultos, albinos Wistar, con un peso de 230-300g fueron divididos aleatoriamente en 4 grupos: seudooperado (n=5), isquemia-reperfusión (grupo IR, n=7), IR/tratamiento de reperfusión con dexmedetomidina (grupo Dex-R, n=7) e IR/tratamiento preisquemia con dexmedetomidina (grupo Dex-I, n=7). En el primer grupo, se realizó una seudooperación y no se aplicaron pinzamientos renales. En el grupo IR, la isquemia renal fue inducida por oclusión de las arterias y venas renales bilaterales durante 60min seguida por reperfusión durante 24h. En los grupos Dex-R y Dex-I, se llevó a cabo el mismo procedimiento quirúrgico destinado al grupo IR, y la dexmedetomidina (100μg /kg intraperitoneal) fue administrada 5min después de la reperfusión y antes de la isquemia. Al final de la reperfusión, fueron recogidas muestras de sangre, los ratones fueron sacrificados y el riñón izquierdo procesado para histología.Resultadoslos niveles de nitrógeno ureico en la sangre (BUN) de los grupos Dex-R y Dex-I eran significativamente más bajos que los del grupo IR (p=0,015; p=0,043), aunque el flujo urinario era significativamente mayor en el grupo Dex-R (p=0,003). La puntuación histopatológica renal del grupo IR fue significativamente mayor que la de los otros grupos. No hubo diferencia significativa entre los grupos Dex-R y Dex-I.Conclusioneslos resultados demostraron que la administración de dexmedetomidina redujo histomorfológicamente la lesión de IR renal. La administración de dexmedetomidina durante el período de reperfusión fue considerada más eficaz debido al aumento de producción de orina y a la disminución de los niveles de nitrógeno ureico en la sangre

The Effects of Remote Ischemic Preconditioning and N-Acetylcysteine with Remote Ischemic Preconditioning in Rat Hepatic Ischemia Reperfusion Injury Model

Background. Remote ischemic preconditioning (RIP) and pharmacological preconditioning are the effective methods that can be used to prevent ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of RIP and N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) with RIP in the rat hepatic IR injury model. Materials and Methods. 28 rats were divided into 4 groups. Group I (sham): only laparotomy was performed. Group II (IR): following 30 minutes of hepatic pedicle occlusion, 4 hours of reperfusion was performed. Group III (RIP + IR): following 3 cycles of RIP, hepatic IR was performed. Group IV (RIP + NAC + IR): following RIP and intraperitoneal administration of NAC (150 mg/kg), hepatic IR was performed. All the rats were sacrificed after blood samples were taken for the measurements of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels and liver was processed for conventional histopathology. Results. The hepatic histopathological injury scores of RIP + IR and RIP + NAC + IR groups were significantly lower than IR group (P = 0.006, P = 0.003, resp.). There were no significant differences in AST and ALT values between the IR, RIP + IR, and RIP + NAC + IR groups. Conclusions. In the present study, it was demonstrated histopathologically that RIP and RIP + NAC decreased hepatic IR injury significantly

The Scope, Quality And Safety Requirements Of Drug Abuse Testing

The aim of this review is to inform about the scopes and requirements of drug abuse testing. Drug abuse testing is one of the tools for determination of drug use. It must fulfill the quality and safety requirements in judgmental legal and administrative decisions. Drug abuse testing must fulfill some requirements like selection of the appropriate test matrix, appropriate screening test panel, sampling in detection window, patient consent, identification of the donor, appropriate collection site, sample collection with observation, identification and control of the sample, specimen custody chain in preanalytical phase; analysis in authorized laboratories, specimen validity tests, reliable testing methods, strict quality control, two-step analysis in analytical phase; storage of the split specimen, confirmation of the split specimen in the objection, result custody chain, appropriate cut-off concentration, the appropriate interpretation of the result in postanalytical phase. The workflow and analytical processes of drug abuse testing are explained in last regulation of the Department of Medical Laboratory Services, Ministry of Health in Turkey. The clinical physicians have to know and apply the quality and safety requirements in drug abuse testing according to last regulations in Turkey.WoSScopusTr-Dizi

Effect of dexmedetomidine on acute lung injury in experimental ischemia-reperfusion model

WOS: 000397558100004PubMed: 27692370Purpose: Ischemia-reperfusion injury is one of the consequences of tourniquet application for extremity surgery. The aim of the study was to establish the effect of dexmedetomidine on the acute lung injury following lower extremity experimental ischemia-reperfusion model in rats. Methods: Twenty-eight Wistar-Albino breed rats were recruited after Ethics Committee approval and allocated into 4 groups, each with 7 subjects. Group 1 (SHAM) received only anesthesia. Group 2 (IR) had experienced 3 h of ischemia and 3 h of reperfusion using left lower extremity tourniquet after anesthesia application. Groups 3 (D-50) and 4 (D-100) had undergone the same procedures as in the Group 2, except for receiving 50 and 100 mg.kg(-1), respectively, dexmedetomidine intraperitoneally 1 h before the tourniquet release. Blood samples were obtained for the analysis of tumor necrosing factor-alpha and interleukin-6. Pulmonary tissue samples were obtained for histological analysis. Results: No significant difference regarding blood tumor necrosing factor -alpha and interleukin-6 values was found among the groups, whereas pulmonary tissue injury scores revealed significant difference. Histological scores obtained from the Group 2 were significantly higher from those in the Groups 1, 3 and 4 with p-values 0.001 for each comparison. Moreover, Group 1 scores were found to be significantly lower than those in the Groups 3 and 4 with p-values 0.001 and 0.011, respectively. No significant difference was observed between the Groups 3 and 4. Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine is effective in reduction of the experimental ischemia-reperfusion induced pulmonary tissue injury in rats, formed by extremity tourniquet application. (C) 2016 Sociedade Brasileira de Anestesiologia. Published by Elsevier Editora Ltda

Leptin and leptin receptor gene polymorphisms in obese and healthy children

Purpose: The of this study is to explore the differences between leptin (LEPG2548A), which is considered efficacious in respect of adiposity and leptin receptor gene variants (LEPRQ223R, K109R, K656N). Furthermore, the relationship between these differences and the serum leptin level shall be scrutinized

The effect of prolactin levels on MPV in women with PCOS

WOS: 000352717000017PubMed ID: 25359296ObjectivePolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with cardiovascular risk factors including hypertension, obesity, hyperlipidaemia and glucose intolerance. Several studies demonstrated the link between PCOS and an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Platelets play a crucial role in the development of atherothrombotic disease. Mean platelet volume (MPV) is a marker of platelet size that reflects its activity. Research points to a link between prolactin (PRL) and platelet activation. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether prolactin levels are associated with MPV in women with PCOS. DesignThe research was designed as a cross-sectional study. PatientsParticipants were divided into three groups-PCOS patients with mildly elevated PRL levels (n=72), patients with PCOS with normal PRL levels (n=207) and healthy controls (n=90). They were body mass index and age-matched and consecutively recruited. MeasurementsComplete blood counts, serum glucose, prolactin, insulin, lipids, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and free-testosterone levels were measured. ResultsAmong the three groups, MPV levels were higher in women with PCOS having mildly elevated PRL levels (P<0001) and MPV was found to be correlated with PRL levels (r=0387, P<0001). Multiple regression analysis showed that PRL levels were associated with MPV levels (R-2=0239, =0354, P<0001). ConclusionMean platelet volume levels are significantly increased in women with PCOS having mildly elevated PRL. Our results suggest that there is a link between prolactin and MPV levels. In women with PCOS, elevated PRL levels may increase the risk of developing atherothrombotic events via the activation of platelets

The inappropriate use of HbA1c testing to monitor glycemia: is there evidence in laboratory data?

Rationale, aims and objectives Diabetes is a chronic illness and have relatively high prevalence. Glycemic control is fundamental to the management of diabetes. Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) is a commonly used laboratory test to monitor glycemia and to manage diabetes. This study aimed to assess the appropriateness of the frequency of HbA1c test order with respect to the commonly approved guidelines for monitoring glycaemia of patients