EFFECT OF SHODHAN KARMA IN PSORIASIS (EKAKUSHTHA)

In Ayurveda all skin diseases have been described under Kustha. As per Charak samhita Chikitsasthana 7 Psoriasis observed to have same signs and symptoms, so correlated with Ekakustha. Psoriasis seemingly emerged from Greek word Psora means itch. Psoriasis is a non infectious chronic relapsing inflammatory skin disease having unknown etiology, characterized by well defined dry scaly erythymatous patches with itching and covered with adherent silvery white scales.Panchkarma (Shodhana) is an Ayurvedic detox for Psoriasis which is complete cleansing and rejuvenating therapy for body mind and consciousness. Panchkarma (Shodhan) i.e. body detoxification is first step towards Psoriasis healing, unless the toxins are eliminated and body is cleansed healing process doesnt begin.The present study was conducted on a 23 year old male having signs & symptoms of Psoriasis was selected & Pachan was done by Triphala, Musta, Sunthi followed by Snehapan with Panchtiktaguggulu Ghrita & then Virechan given with Haritaki churna, Katuki churna. It is found that Sodhan Karma in Psoriasis in terms of upper & lower limb scaling especially. External application also play a great role in treating psoriasis but its effective rate is higher if done after the Sodhan of the body. The present article reviews the concept of Psoriasis in Ayurveda and role of Shodhan in management of Psoriasis

Employment- Centered Skill Development and Social Policy in Urban India: Policy and Institutional Change

To the fulfilment of needs of growing Indian population, so many skill development policies and programmes has been established by the Government of India for the purpose of development of employments and providing livelihood opportunities for the urban poor people in which includes, National Urban Livelihood Mission, National Skill Development Mission, Skill India, National Policy for Skill Development and Entrepreneurship, Pradhan Mantri Kasushal Vikas Yojana, Swaena Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana etc. It is very true that most of the India lives in the villages but at the beginning of 21st Century most of the urban population contributes more in popular sectors, it indicates that India also lives in cities. Till the beginning of 20th century the target of five year plans was limited to rural India but in the last few years, due to the increasing crowds in cities, the generation of new employment opportunities in urban sector has become the main concern in front of policy makers. The main objective of this paper is to determine the effect of skill development on employment generation. Employment centered skill training process of India has been Centre oriented and it is built on the basis of top-down model

PROMOTING GLOBAL CITIZENSHIP EDUCATION WITH SCIENCE TEACHING AND ANALYSING THE WAY IT IS PERCEIVED BY STUDENTS AT SECONDARY LEVEL

This case study in Dhanbad, India explores 25 grade 9 students’ learning outcomes on the basis of gender and background in Global Citizenship Education related topics of science and also their perceptions about the Global Citizenship Education. It is time that we should realize that education itself has little value if it is merely meant for entrance straightaway into a profession instead we have to value the fact that Education needs to be open to the process of interpretation and complex engagements that is brought by teachers and the pupil within learning relationships. To create opportunity for Global Citizenship Education schools should adopt analytical approaches in knowledge acquisition and incorporate ways of teaching which supports the development of global citizens in educational programs. The study also examines the discourse of international organisations in order to promote better understanding of Global Citizenship Education and the study indicates that international organisations have developed a powerful GCE discourse. We are living in highly interconnected and interdependent world where to determine our collective future, we need to acquire profound understanding of global developments and expand our global consciousness. Findings revealed the existence of difference in knowledge based, value based and citizenship based outcomes of rural and urban background students as well as gender based differences were also found

REVIEW ON CERVICAL SPONDYLOSIS AND IT`S MANAGEMENT THROUGH PANCHAKARMA

Cervical Spondylosis, osteoarthritis of the cervical spine produces neck pain, radiating to the shoulders or arms with headache (posterior occipital region). At present time it is a common problem, degeneration of cervical vertebrae is mostly seen in elderly people but it`s prevalence is increasing in early or middle age also, due to occupational overstress on neck region, traumatic blunt or sharp injury, improper sitting posture, excessive smoking, sedentary lifestyle, false diet pattern and genetic factors. About 50% of people over the age of 50 and 75% of people over the age of 65 have typical radiographic changes of cervical spondylosis. In Ayurvedic context the disease cannot be correlated exactly as whole with any single disease or condition, but some features can be correlated nowadays with various conditions described in Ayurveda such as “Manyastambha”, “Greeva sandhigata vata”, and Greeva Stambha (all are Vatavyadhi) in our classical text. In this review the cervical spondylosis and its management has been explain closely to “Greeva sandhigata vata”. Ruka and Stambha (pain and stiffness) are the signs and symptoms told in our texts. The modern management, such as NSAID`s, muscle relaxants, corticosteroids and even operative procedures are not fulfilling the patients goal of healthy life as all the medicines only give symptomatic relief. Through Ayurveda especially Panchakarma, probable management that can be done are Abhyanga, Rukshaswedana, Patra pinda swedana, Greeva basti, Mridu shodhana, Basti, Nasya Karma etc. can help in the successful management

Diurnal Variation of Air Quality Parameters- PM2.5 and PM10 During and Post Pandemic Period in Delhi, India

Particulate matter in the air is the contamination, considered dangerous to human health. Particulate Matter includes a mixture of solid and liquid particles suspended in the environment. Its tiny size allows the particles to enter the circulation system through breath and travel all through the body, causing asthma and heart illness. Coronavirus has been pronounced as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern by WHO on 30th January 2020. The current examination aims to compare air quality (with respect to PM2.5 and PM10) at pre-selected locations during and post COVID- 19 phase. To lead this investigation the monitoring station for air quality measuring chose is close to Hauz Khas metro station, Delhi. Complete 4 locations are chosen around CPCB Air pollution monitoring station, Hauz Khas. PM testing has been accomplished for nonstop 12 days. The monitoring time considered is from 10 am to 6 pm (8 hours). The dataset of the period (March and April of 2020) of the lockdown stage is gathered from CPCB and compared with the dataset of a similar time span (March and April 2021) utilizing Origin software programming. The contamination level increased after the lockdown stage as per the present study and improvement in air quality couldn't keep going long after the returning of businesses and vehicular exercises as per this examination

A study to assess the effectiveness of clinical teaching on the level of knowledge regarding nursing care bundle to prevent ventilator associated pneumonia among ICU nursing officers at AIIMS Bhopal

Background: Healthcare is a professional area bound to the ethical foundation of “do no harm.”, But in the current scenario, a rush to promote the curative scenario has led to the total downplay of the preventive aspect of care. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge regarding nursing care bundle for the prevention of VAP among nursing officers before and after clinical teaching and to evaluate the effectiveness of clinical teaching. Methods: This pretest-post-test study was conducted on nursing officers working in the ICU of the All-India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh. 100 nursing officers were enrolled in the study via convenience sampling technique. The self-structured tool was validated by 10 experts with a mean CVI value of 0.94. The reliability of the self-structured knowledge questionnaire was determined by the test-retest method and found to be 0.87. The collected data was analysed for frequency, mean, standard deviation, t-test, and association. Results: Findings showed that the mean knowledge score was 18.46±3.543 before intervention. After the intervention of video-assisted clinical teaching, a post-test was conducted, and the mean post-test knowledge scores was 25.07±2.801 at the p value <0.01. Knowledge of subjects about nursing care bundle for prevention of VAP was found to have a significant association with only educational qualification. Conclusions: This study's findings concluded that educational interventions are necessary for the enhancement of knowledge and better compliance of nursing officers with guidelines regarding the bundle of care for the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia

Synthesis and Optimization of Sodium Alginate-Tween 80 nanocarrier for Berberine delivery

The present study focuses at the synthesis of berberine loaded sodium alginate nanoparticles using tween 80 (BSAT) as a surfactant. Berberine has poor solubility and bioavailability because of its hydrophobic nature, hence modified ionic complexation method was applied to enhance its efficacy. The synthesized nanoformulation was optimized by using Central Composite Design. The BSAT nanoparticles were experimentally characterized for particle size distribution, morphology of nanoparticles and drug encapsulation potential. It was experimentally found that BSAT nanoparticles possessed size within the limits of 50-100 nm with good encapsulation efficiency of 96.00 %. Moreover, sodium alginate at 0.05 %, w/v and tween 80 at 1 %, v/v was capable to produce isolated and free flowing nanoparticles. The nanoparticles of BSAT showed enhanced antimicrobial activity compared to pure berberine by agar well diffusion method against Klebsiella pneumonia, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis. The current investigation points that sodium alginate-tween 80 nanocarrier can prove to be a promising nanocarrier for hydrophobic drugs

A clinical study on maternal and fetal outcome in pregnancy with oligohydromnios

Background: Oligohydramnios is associated with various maternal and fetal complication. It’s correlated fetal complications like FGR, increased risk of meconium aspiration syndrome, Birth asphyxia, low APGAR scores and increased congenital abnormalities in fetus. It’s also associated with maternal morbidities in view of operative interventions for delivery. To study effect of oligohydramnios in mother in form of, operative delivery and progress of labour. To study effect of oligohydramnios in fetus in form of fetal compromise i.e.  FGR, fetal distress, altered APGAR score, need for NICU admission. congenital anomaly and perinatal death.Methods: 50 patients with ≥ 28 weeks POG with oligohydramnios, confirmed by ultrasonographic measurement of AFI using four quadrant technique; were selected randomly after fulfilling inclusion and exclusion criteria.Results: Incidence of oligohydramnios were more found in primigravida (56%) in present study. Most common cause of oligohydramnios was idiopathic (62%) followed by PIH (20%). Most common cause of caesarean was fetal distress (23%) either due to cord compression or FGR. oligohydramnios was related to higher rate of Fetal Growth restriction and NICU admission (24%).Conclusions: Oligohydramnios is very common encounter during pregnancy, Because of its frequent occurrence; it demands intensive fetal monitoring and systemic approach to antepartum and intrapartum fetal surveillance. There is increased risk of intrapartum complication, perinatal morbidity, perinatal mortality; thus, the rate of caesarean increasing day by day.one should always know the fine line between vaginal delivery and caesarean section; move ahead with best option without hampering fetal wellbeing and avoid unnecessary operative morbidity

A RAY OF HOPE THROUGH AYURVEDIC MANAGEMENT IN OSTEOARTHRITIS: A CASE STUDY

Osteoarthritis (OA) is degenerative condition, increasing due to today’s life style and age related changes. It mostly affects woman. A 70 years female patient, housewife by occupation, known case of osteoarthritis since 30 years was admitted in IPD of Panchkarma department with following presenting complaints: continuous pain in both knee joints and pain in lower back and hands. On the basis of strong similarity between etiological factor, symptoms, and Doshika involvement in the etiopathology and complication, OA can be correlated with Sandhigata Vata. There is need to search a safe, effective and less-expensive treatment that can alter the course of the disease. In this condition, Ayurveda is a ray of hope to stop disease progression. Considering these points in mind, Sarvang Abhyang with Narayan Tail, Swedana, Matra vasti with Panchguna Tail was administered in patient for 10 days. After this, Sarvang Patra Pottali Swedana was given for 7 days along with oral medication like Tryodashang Gugglu 2 tablets thrice a day, Tablet Neo 2 tablets twice in day after meal. Activities which were hampered due to symptoms and after 45 days of treatment, patient can perform daily tasks easily with mild pain in some joints and complete relief in others. Ayurvedic management provides better result within limited time periods with least oral medications

Design and Performance Analysis of the Dynamic Reduction of Intrinsic Interference Suppression and BER using QAM-based FBMC for MU-MIMO Communications

The present research work is focused on the study of co-channel interface with its minimization techniques without influencing its performance, in turn, which is desired to achieve the minimized complexity of Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM)-based Filter Bank Multi-Carrier (FBMC) to minimize the interference and increase the spectral features with consideration of intrinsic features extractions for the ML (Maximum Likelihood) synthesis systems. The valid measures are given various concerns under consideration, to start with the consideration of the evaluation of the Cyclic Prefix Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (CP-OFD performance metrics along with the FBMC/QAM in signal transmission in a dedicated fading channel for the evaluation of the modulation order and BER as a required trade-off for quality assessments. From the results, it can be noted that the proposed FBMC QAM has performed better when compared with conventional FBMC systems. The present research also includes considering and calculating the efficiency of nonlinear channels with the Multi-User Multiple Input Multiple Output (MU-MIMO) and FBMC/QAM techniques. In continuation, the obtained results are dominating significantly to access the possible solution to meet the efficiency of the proposed system. In the next part of the research, it is considered with implementation of the sub-detector during the downlink of the system with the technique of threshold-driven strategy for better accuracy and minimization of the complexity in terms of ML detection in terms of order of its modulation. The calculations of the proposed technique with better BER are done on the recent MATLAB platform with its simulation demonstration for its detailed observation