The vanishing role of money in the macroeconomy: An Empirical investigation based on spectral and wavelet analysis

The recent de-emphasizing of the role of "money" in both theoretical macroeconomics as well as in the practical conduct of monetary policy sits uneasily with the idea that inflation is a monetary phenomenon. Empirical evidence has, however, been accumulating, pointing to an important leading indicator role for money and credit aggregates with respect to long term inflationary trends. Such a role could arise from monetary aggregates furnishing a nominal anchor for inflationary expectations, from their influence on the term structure of interest rates and from their affecting transactions costs in markets. Our paper attempts to assess the informational content role of money in the Indian economy by a separation of these effects across time scales and frequency bands, using the techniques of wavelet analysis and band spectral analysis respectively. Our results indicate variability of causal relations across frequency ranges and time scales, as also occasional causal reversals.money, inflation, cointegration, causality, decomposition, band spectra, wavelets

Irradiation Effects on Microstructure and Dielectric Properties of Ba[(Mg0.32Co0.02)Nb0.66]O3 [BMCN] Thin Films

Ba[(Mg0.32Co0.02)Nb0.66]O3 [BMCN] thin films prepared on Pt-Si, MgO, Silicon and ITO coated glass substrates by Pulsed Laser Deposition Technique are investigated. Relative growth parameters suggest that ITO coated glass substrate has good potential for growing films with near Nano size columnar grains. In comparison to bulk, dielectric constant and dielectric loss increases in BMCN films. This undesirable rise in dielectric loss can be drastically reduced by a factor of more than 1/100th times through Ag15+ ion irradiation at 1 × 1012 ions/cm2 dose. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/3025

Modification of intergrain connectivity, upper critical field anisotropy, and critical current density in ion irradiated MgB2 films

We study the effect of 100 MeV Silicon and 200 MeV Gold ion irradiation on the inter and intra grain properties of superconducting thin films of Magnesium Diboride. Substantial decrease in inter-grain connectivity is observed, depending on irradiation dose and type of ions used. We establish that modification of sigma band scattering mechanism, and consequently the upper critical field and anisotropy, depends on the size and directional properties of the extrinsic defects. Post heavy ion irradiation, the upper critical field shows enhancement at a defect density that is five orders of magnitude less compared to neutron irradiation. The critical current density however is best improved through light ion irradiation.Comment: 18 pages, 4 figures, submitte

Ab initio density functional investigation of B_24 cluster: Rings, Tubes, Planes, and Cages

We investigate the equilibrium geometries and the systematics of bonding in various isomers of a 24-atom boron cluster using Born-Oppenheimer molecular dynamics within the framework of density functional theory. The isomers studied are the rings, the convex and the quasiplanar structures, the tubes and, the closed structures. A staggered double-ring is found to be the most stable structure amongst the isomers studied. Our calculations reveal that a 24-atom boron cluster does form closed 3-d structures. All isomers show staggered arrangement of nearest neighbor atoms. Such a staggering facilitates $sp^2$ hybridization in boron cluster. A polarization of bonds between the peripheral atoms in the ring and the planar isomers is also seen. Finally, we discuss the fusion of two boron icosahedra. We find that the fusion occurs when the distance between the two icosahedra is less than a critical distance of about 6.5a.u.Comment: 8 pages, 9 figures in jpeg format Editorially approved for publication in Phys. Rev.

Casimir Effect, Achucarro-Ortiz Black Hole and the Cosmological Constant

We treat the two-dimensional Achucarro-Ortiz black hole (also known as (1+1) dilatonic black hole) as a Casimir-type system. The stress tensor of a massless scalar field satisfying Dirichlet boundary conditions on two one-dimensional "walls" ("Dirichlet walls") is explicitly calculated in three different vacua. Without employing known regularization techniques, the expression in each vacuum for the stress tensor is reached by using the Wald's axioms. Finally, within this asymptotically non-flat gravitational background, it is shown that the equilibrium of the configurations, obtained by setting Casimir force to zero, is controlled by the cosmological constant.Comment: 20 pages, LaTeX, minor corrections, comments and clarifications added, version to appear in Phys. Rev.

Multiaxial Kitagawa analysis of A356-T6

Experimental Kitagawa analysis has been performed on A356-T6 containing natural and artificial defects. Results are obtained with a load ratio of R = -1 for three different loadings: tension, torsion and combined tension-torsion. The critical defect size determined is 400 \pm 100 \mum in A356-T6 under multiaxial loading. Below this value, the microstructure governs the endurance limit mainly through Secondary Dendrite Arm Spacing (SDAS). Four theoretical approaches are used to simulate the endurance limit characterized by a Kitagawa relationship are compared: Murakami relationships [Y Murakami, Metal Fatigue: Effects of Small Defects and Nonmetallic Inclusions, Elsevier, 2002.], defect-crack equivalency via Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics (LEFM), the Critical Distance Method (CDM) proposed by Susmel and Taylor [L. Susmel, D. Taylor. Eng. Fract. Mech. 75 (2008) 15.] and the gradient approach proposed by Nadot [Y. Nadot, T. ~Billaudeau. Eng. Fract. Mech. 73 (2006) 1.]. It is shown that the CDM and gradient methods are accurate; however fatigue data for three loading conditions is necessary to allow accurate identification of an endurance limit.Comment: 27 pages, 11 figure

Evidence for MBM_B and MCM_C phases in the morphotropic phase boundary region of (1−x)[Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3]−xPbTiO3(1-x)[Pb(Mg_{1/3}Nb_{2/3})O_3]-xPbTiO_3 : A Rietveld study

We present here the results of the room temperature dielectric constant measurements and Rietveld analysis of the powder x-ray diffraction data on $(1-x)[Pb(Mg_{1/3}Nb_{2/3})O_3]-xPbTiO_3$(PMN-$x$PT) in the composition range $0.20 \leq x \leq 0.45$ to show that the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) region contains two monoclinic phases with space groups Cm (or $M_B$ type) and Pm (or $M_C$ type) stable in the composition ranges $0.27 \leq x \leq 0.30$ and $0.31 \leq x \leq 0.34$, respectively. The structure of PMN-$x$PT in the composition ranges $0 \leq x \leq$ 0.26, and $0.35 \leq x \leq1$ is found to be rhombohedral (R3m) and tetragonal (P4mm), respectively. These results are compared with the predictions of Vanderbilt & Cohen's theory.Comment: 20 pages, 11 pdf figure

Amplitude measurements of Faraday waves

A light reflection technique is used to measure quantitatively the surface elevation of Faraday waves. The performed measurements cover a wide parameter range of driving frequencies and sample viscosities. In the capillary wave regime the bifurcation diagrams exhibit a frequency independent scaling proportional to the wavelength. We also provide numerical simulations of the full Navier-Stokes equations, which are in quantitative agreement up to supercritical drive amplitudes of 20%. The validity of an existing perturbation analysis is found to be limited to 2.5% overcriticaly.Comment: 7 figure

Evolution of electronic and ionic structure of Mg-clusters with the growth cluster size

The optimized structure and electronic properties of neutral and singly charged magnesium clusters have been investigated using ab initio theoretical methods based on density-functional theory and systematic post-Hartree-Fock many-body perturbation theory accounting for all electrons in the system. We have systematically calculated the optimized geometries of neutral and singly charged magnesium clusters consisting of up to 21 atoms, electronic shell closures, binding energies per atom, ionization potentials and the gap between the highest occupied and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals. We have investigated the transition to the hcp structure and metallic evolution of the magnesium clusters, as well as the stability of linear chains and rings of magnesium atoms. The results obtained are compared with the available experimental data and the results of other theoretical works.Comment: 30 pages, 10 figures, 3 table

Multiwavelength Study of M8.9/3B Solar Flare from AR NOAA 10960

We present a multi-wavelength analysis of a long duration white-light solar flare (M8.9/3B) event that occurred on 4 June 2007 from NOAA AR 10960. The flare was observed by several spaceborne instruments, namely SOHO/MDI, Hinode/SOT, TRACE and STEREO/SECCHI. The flare was initiated near a small, positive-polarity, satellite sunspot at the centre of the AR, surrounded by opposite-polarity field regions. MDI images of the AR show considerable amount of changes in a small positive-polarity sunspot of delta configuration during the flare event. SOT/G-band (4305 A) images of the sunspot also suggest the rapid evolution of the positive-polarity sunspot with highly twisted penumbral filaments before the flare event, which were oriented in the counterclockwise direction. It shows the change in orientation and also remarkable disappearance of twisted penumbral filaments (~35-40%) and enhancement in umbral area (~45-50%) during the decay phase of the flare. TRACE and SECCHI observations reveal the successive activations of two helical twisted structures associated with this sunspot, and the corresponding brightening in the chromosphere as observed by the time-sequence images of SOT/Ca II H line (3968 A). The secondary-helical twisted structure is found to be associated with the M8.9 flare event. The brightening starts 6-7 min prior to the flare maximum with the appearance of secondary helical-twisted structure. The flare intensity maximizes as this structure moves away from the AR. This twisted flux-tube associated with the flare triggering, is found to be failed in eruption. The location of the flare is found to coincide with the activation site of the helical twisted structures. We conclude that the activations of successive helical twists in the magnetic flux tubes/ropes plays a crucial role in the energy build-up process and triggering of M-class solar flare without a CME.Comment: 22 pages, 12 figures, Accepted for Publication in Solar Physic