Pomološke osobine ploda nekih sorti trešnje

Pomological properties of five sweet cherry cultivars, grafted on Colt rootstock, were studies in Brcko District, during 2014. year. Studies have included time of flowering and maturing, the physical properties of fruits, and susceptibility cultivars to cracking of fruits. Cultivar Sweet Heart had the greatest abundance of flowering, and, at the same time the lowest weight of fruit. The highest weight of fruit was found in cultivar Burlat, and, at the same time the earliest time of maturing. The lowest value of cracking of fruits was in cultivar Napoleon, while the highest value of cracking of fruit was in cultivar Burlat.U radu su prikazane pomološke osobine pet visokokvalitetnih sorti trešnje okalemljenih na vegetativnoj podlozi Kolt u uslovima Brčko Distrikta u toku vegetacije, 2014. godine. Od pomoloških osobina proučavane su fenološke osobine (cvetanje i zrenje), fizičke osobine ploda, kao i osetljivost proučavanih sorti prema pucanju plodova. Sorta Svit Hart je imala najobilnije cvetanje, a ujedno i najmanju masu ploda. Najveća masa ploda je zabeležena kod sorte Burlat, koja je ujedno imala i najranije vreme zrenja ploda. Najmanju vrednost indeksa pucanja ploda pokazala je sorta Napoleon, dok je najveća vrednost evidentirana kod sorte Burlat

Temperatura vazduha i njen uticaj na rodnost kod nekih sorti jabuke

Cilj rada je bio da se u trogodišnjem periodu ispita uticaj temperature vazduha i padavina na prinos i da se utvrde razlike između proučavanih sorti. Značajnija kolebanja u vrijednostima srednjih dnevnih temperatura vazduha u trogodišnjem periodu uticala su značajno na rodnost, što se manifestovalo u ispoljenim razlikama u prinosu između proučavanih sorti. Razlike u prinosu su konstatovane i u okviru ispitivanih godina. Rezultati istraživanja potvrdili su da je uticaj faktora sorte, godine, kao i njihove interakcije na proučavano obilježje bio statistički visoko značajan

Fizičko–hemijska svojstva ploda nekih sorti kruške (Pyrus communis L.) na području Sarajevske regije

The paper presents the results of two-year study of the important physical-chemical properties some cultivars of pear (Pyrus communis L.) in the region of Sarajevo. During the research on a sample of 30 fruits of each cultivar of pears physical characteristics were analyzed: weight of fruit, length and width of fruit, length of stem, number and weight of normally developed seeds. From the chemical properties of the fruit is determined by the content of soluble solids, total acid content, the content of total, invert sugar, sucrose content and pH value.U radu su prikazani rezulati dvogodišnjih proučavanja važnijih fizičko–hemijskih svojstva ploda nekih sorti kruške (Pyrus communis L.) na području sarajevske regije. Tokom sprovedenih istraživanja na uzorku od 30 plodova od svake sorte kruške od fizičkih osobina analizirane su: masa ploda, dužina i širina ploda, dužina peteljke, broj normalno razvijenih sjemenki i masa normalno razvijenih sjemenki. Od hemijskih osobina ploda određen je sadržaj rastvorljivih suvih materija, sadržaj ukupnih kiselina, sadržaj ukupnih, invertnih šećera, sadržaj saharoze i pH vrijednost

Fizičko-hemijske karakteristike ploda značajnijih autohtonih sorti jabuke sa područja Majevice

The task of the study was to examine the more significant physical-chemical properties of the fruits of the autochthonous cultivars of apple from Majevica area. Determination found that it was the fruit of next cultivars: Petrovaca, Bjelicnik, Zelenika, Bobovec, Ljepocvjetka i Sampanjka. Physical and chemical analyzes have determined that the cultivars of apple differed significantly according to the investigated properties. The morphometric characteristics of fruit show statistically significant significant difference between the studied cultivars. Cultivar of Petrovaca had the lowest weight of fruit, while cultivar of Sampanjka had the highest weight of fruit. Cultivar of Petrovaca had the lowest lenght of fruit, while cultivar of Bobovec had the highest lenght of fruit. Cultivar of Petrovaca had the lowest width of fruit, while cultivars of Bobovec and Šampanjka had the highest width of fruit. The chemical composition of the fruit varied considerably depending on the cultivar, location and numerous abiotic factors, such as ecological conditions and agrochemical properties of the soil. The fruits of the largest number of cultivars in our research had between 14 and 16% of soluble dry matter, which are cultivars of medium to high content of soluble dry matter. The total acid content in the cultivars was from 0.43% in cultivar of Petrovaca to 0.71% in cultivar of Sampanjka, while the cultivar of Petrovaca had the highest content of total sugars. The analyzed autochthonous cultivars of apple from the Majevica area can be of great importance for integral and organic production, but also as a hybridization starting material for the production of new, better cultivar resistant to certain pathogens of plant diseases and pests.Zadatak proučavanja je bio da se ispitaju značajnija fizičko–hemijska svojstva plodova zastupljenijih tradicionalnih sorati jabuke sa šireg područja Majevice. Determinacijom je utvrđeno da se radilo o plodovima sorti: Petrovača, Bjeličnik, Zelenika, Bobovec, Ljepocvjetka i Šampanjka Nakon sprovedenih fizičkih i hemijskih analiza, utvrđeno je da su se sorte značajno razlikovale po istraživanim svojstvima. Morfometrijske osobine ploda pokazuju statistički veoma značajne do značajne razlike između proučavanih sorti. Najmanju masu ploda imala je sorta Petrovača, dok je najveća bila kod sorte Šampanjka. Sorta Petrovača imala je i najmanju dužinu ploda, a najveću sorta Bobovec. Najmanja širina ploda bila je takođe kod sorte Petrovača, dok je najveća visina izmjerena kod sorti Bobovec i Šampanjka. Hemijski sastav ploda je značajno varirao u zavisnosti od sorte. Plodovi najvećeg broja sorata u našim istraživanjima imali su između 14 i 16% rastvorljivih suvih materija, što ih svrstava u sorte sa srednje visokim do visokim sadržajem RSM. Sadržaj ukupnih kiselina kod ispitivanih sorti kretao se od 0,43% kod sorte Petrovača do 0,71% kod sorte Šampanjka, dok je najveći sadržaj ukupnih šećera imala sorta Petrovača. Analizirane autohtone sorte jabuke sa šireg područja Majevice mogu biti od izuzetnog značaja za integralnu i organsku proizvodnju, ali i kao početni materijal u hibridizaciji za stvaranje novih kvalitetnijih sorti otpornih na pojedine prouzrokovače biljnih bolesti i štetočina

POMOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF SWEET CHERRY CULTIVARS ON GISELA 5 ROOTSTOCK IN THE REGION OF SARAJEVO

Pomological properties of five sweet cherry cultivars, grafted on Gisela 5 rootstock, were studied in the region of Sarajevo, during a two – year period (2010 – 2011). Studies have included time of flowering and maturing, and the most important physical and chemical properties of fruits. Cultivar ‘Karina’ had the greatest abundance of flowering, and, at the same time, the lowest weight of fruit. The highest weight of fruit was found in cultivar ‘Schneider's Spate Knorpelkirsche’, which also had the lowest abundance of flowering. In general, among the studied cultivars, ‘Kordia’ and ‘Regina’ were shown the best properties, and they can be recommended for commercial production in the region of Sarajevo

Foliar nutrition in apple production

In order to create conditions conducive to sustainable fruit production, involving optimum utilization of all sources of plant nutrients with minimum environmental pollution, it is necessary to reorient agricultural producers to use those types of fertilization that are environmentally safe and appropriate which can also satisfy all fruit tree nutrient requirements. This gives particular importance to foliar nutrition as this model poses the lowest risk of soil and groundwater contamination with undesirable mineral elements. The objective of this study was to provide a comprehensive review of research papers dealing with the effect of foliar feeding on development parameters in apple trees in an attempt to obtain a more thorough insight into the advantages and disadvantages of this fertilization type and facilitate the potential use of this practice for apple producers.Keywords: Malus x domestica, foliar fertilization, nutrient, leave

Soil organic carbon in long–term experiments: Comparative analysis in Slovakia and Serbia

Soil organic carbon plays an important role in a long-term agroecosystem productivity, in the global C cycle, maintaining a soil nutrient pool and improving its availability. The objective of this study is the assess the impacts of long–term cropping practices on SOC dynamics in Slovakia and Serbia. Soil C sequestration is a complex process that is influenced by many factors, such as agricultural practice, climatic and soil conditions. For the both location the initial SOC decline was followed with the C stabilization and possible increase where proper practices were used. More intensive crop management systems that maintained residue cover provided the greatest benefit towards increasing the quantity of mineralizable nutrients within the active fraction of soil organic carbon (SOC), as well as increasing C sequestration as SOC. Long–term field experiments have contributed significantly to our current knowledge of soil quality and have been used to study the influence of crop management, fertilizer application and tillage practices on SOC content

Susceptibility of Sweet Cherry Cultivars to Rain Induced Fruit Cracking in the Region of Sarajevo

Susceptibility of 5 sweet cherry cultivars, grafted on Gisela 5, to rain induced fruit cracking was studied in the region of Sarajevo, during a two – year period (2010 – 2011). Testing of fruit cracking was done using index by Christensen. During the testing period, significant differences in susceptibility to fruit cracking among both the cultivars and the years of testing were found. All the cultivars had the highest fruit cracking index in 2010 year. The highest susceptibility to rain induced fruit cracking was evidenced in cultivar ‘Burlat’ during both years. Cultivars ‘Kordia’, ‘Regina’, ‘Karina’ and ‘Schneider's Spӓte Knorpelkirsche’ were moderately susceptible to fruit cracking

Urban agriculture in Bosnia: case of Sarajevo region

About 39% of the Bosnian population is urban. The main objective of this work is to get an insight into urban and peri-urban agriculture (UPA) in Bosnia with a focus on legal and regulatory framework, governance, and advisory services’ role. Information were collected by a literature review and semi-structured interviews of 30 urban gardeners as well as extension agents and municipal officers in Sarajevo region. The paper analyses references to UPA in the main agricultural development policies in Bosnia; assesses focus on UPA by extension agents; and analyses urban planning and zoning regulations and budget dedicated to agriculture in many municipalities of Sarajevo region. Semi-structured interviews focused also on economic, environmental, aesthetical and social benefits of UPA. Development of UPA requires improving the regulatory framework, promoting multilevel and multi-stakeholder governance, and fostering pluralistic extension and advisory services

Temporal Changes of Elytrigia repens Density in Intensive Cereal-Based Cropping Systems

The common effects of cultivation practices, weed management measures and crop rotation on Elytrigia repens population dynamics under condition of large scale fields were studied in South-Western Slovakia during 2007-2014. The evaluated fields reflect the changes of cultivation practices associated with the growing crops in intensive crop rotation systems characterized by high proportion of cereals, changes of tillage practices (mouldboard stubble cultivation replaced by less effective disc stubble cultivation) and exclusion of cover crops and leguminous forage crops. Introduction of management practices with lack of preventive measures into six evaluated large-scale fields led to increasing proliferation of E. repens. Therefore, intensive herbicide application (from 2 to 5 application during 8-year rotation period) was needed to manage E. repens satisfactorily. E. repens was substantially higher in crops following two crops period of sunflower and spring barley crops, but lower in crops following winter oilseed rape