49. Radykalność onkologiczna a operacje oszczędzające zwieracze (CS) w leczeniu raka odbytnicy

Wyniki leczenia raka odbytnicy są zależne od wielu czynników, w tym obejmujących taktykę operacyjną oraz neo i adjuwancyjne leczenie skojarzone. Operacje oszczędzające zwieracze odbytu (CS) są obecnie wykonywane coraz częściej, a wskazania obejmują również lokalizację w dolnej części odbytnicy.Celem pracy była ocena własnych wyników w kategoriach radykalności onkologicznej zależnej od modelu leczenia tj. radykalnego odjęcia brzuszno-kroczowego w porównaniu z operacjami oszczędzającymi zwieracze odbytu.MateriałW latach 1984–2002 było leczonych operacyjnie n = 1671 chorych z rakiem jelita grubego, w tym chorych = 859 chorych z rakiem odbytnicy i 56 z wielomiejscowym zaawansowanym rakiem odbytnicy i okrężnicy. Operacje oszczędzające zwieracze odbytu (CS) wykonano u 51.7% chorych. W całej grupie leczonych uzyskano poziom resekcyjności 93.8%. Adjuwancyjnej chemioterapii, poddano wszystkich chorych (spełniających kryteria włączenia z uwagi na stan ogólny, wiek < 75 r.ż) w grupie II,III i IV stopniu zaawansowania wg UICC/AJCC. Neoadjuwancyjnej radio- lub radiochemioterapii poddano n = 98 chorych z rakiem odbytnicy w II lub III stopniu zaawansowania wg.UICC/AJCC. W dwóch różnych okresach analizy stosowano 2 modele usunięcia węzłów chłonnych – standardowy model D1/D2 w latach 1984–1991 oraz model D3 w latach 1982–2002 podczas operacji resekcyjnych.WynikiUzyskano poziom 5-cio letnich przeżyć ogółem 57 %. Przeprowadzono analizę regresyjną Coxa celem określenia wartości poszczególnych czynników prognostycznych. W całej grupie leczonych najważniejsze znaczenie miały takie czynniki jak: zaawansowanie choroby wg. UICC (w kolejności cech M,T,N) oraz zakres wycięcia układu chłonnego, a następnie stosowanie leczenia skojarzonego. Wykazano lepsze wyniki u chorych z operacjami oszczędzającymi zwieracze odbytu (CS). Wysoki odsetek operacji odjęcia brzuszno–kroczowego był związany z miejscowym zaawansowaniem raka i radykalizacją leczenia chirurgicznego.WnioskiWykazana analiza wskazuje na zależność nie tylko stopnia zaawansowania choroby, ale również od roli chirurgii oraz leczenia skojarzonego jako podstawowych czynników poprawiających wyniki w leczeniu raka odbytnicy

Auswirkungen der Rohproteinversorgung auf die Qualität von Schweinefleisch

The current experiment was conducted to specify the effect of different diets on the quality of pork with emphasis on the intramuscular fat content in the M. longissimus. The results confirm the preliminary conclusions of a former experiment that it is possible to affect the amount of intramuscular fat content by a feeding strategy adapted to the organic framework conditions without increasing the overall fat content of the carcass

QSAR studies on a number of pyrrolidin-2-one antiarrhythmic arylpiperazinyls

The activity of a number of 1-[3-(4-arylpiperazin-1-yl)propyl]pyrrolidin-2-one antiarrhythmic (AA) agents was described using the quantitative structure–activity relationship model by applying it to 33 compounds. The molecular descriptors of the AA activity were obtained by quantum chemical calculations combined with molecular modeling calculations. The resulting model explains up to 91% of the variance and it was successfully validated by four tests (LOO, LMO, external test, and Y-scrambling test). Statistical analysis shows that the AA activity of the studied compounds depends mainly on the PCR and JGI4 descriptors

A cholesterol analog stabilizes the human β2-adrenergic receptor nonlinearly with temperature

In cell membranes, G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) interact with cholesterol, which modulates their assembly, stability, and conformation. Previous studies have shown how cholesterol modulates the structural properties of GPCRs at ambient temperature. Here, we characterized the mechanical, kinetic, and energetic properties of the human beta(2)-adrenergic receptor (beta(2)AR) in the presence and absence of the cholesterol analog cholesteryl hemisuccinate (CHS) at room temperature (25 degrees C), at physiological temperature (37 degrees C), and at high temperature (42 degrees C). We found that CHS stabilized various structural regions of beta(2)AR differentially, which changed nonlinearly with temperature. Thereby, the strongest effects were observed for structural regions that are important for receptor signaling. Moreover, at 37 degrees C, but not at 25 degrees or 42 degrees C, CHS caused beta(2)AR to increase and stabilize conformational substates to adopt to basal activity. These findings indicate that the nonlinear, temperature-dependent action of CHS in modulating the structural and functional properties of this GPCR is optimized for 37 degrees C.Peer reviewe

Non-operative management of posterior tibialis tendon dysfunction: design of a randomized clinical trial [NCT00279630]

BACKGROUND: Posterior tibialis tendon dysfunction (PTTD) is a common cause of foot pain and dysfunction in adults. Clinical observations strongly suggest that the condition is progressive. There are currently no controlled studies evaluating the effectiveness of exercise, orthoses, or orthoses and exercise on Stage I or IIA PTTD. Our study will explore the effectiveness of an eccentric versus concentric strengthening intervention to results obtained with the use of orthoses alone. Findings from this study will guide the development of more efficacious PTTD intervention programs and contribute to enhanced function and quality of life in persons with posterior tibialis tendon dysfunction. METHODS/DESIGN: This paper presents the rationale and design for a randomized clinical trial evaluating the effectiveness of a treatment regime for the non-operative management of Stage I or IIA PTTD. DISCUSSION: We have presented the rationale and design for an RCT evaluating the effectiveness of a treatment regimen for the non-operative management of Stage I or IIA PTTD. The results of this trial will be presented as soon as they are available

The role of tibialis posterior fatigue on foot kinematics during walking

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of localised tibialis posterior muscle fatigue on foot kinematics during walking. It was hypothesised that following fatigue, subjects would demonstrate greater forefoot and rearfoot motion during walking. It was also postulated that the magnitude of the change in rearfoot motion would be associated with standing anatomical rearfoot posture.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Twenty-nine subjects underwent an exercise fatigue protocol aimed at reducing the force output of tibialis posterior. An eight camera motion analysis system was used to evaluate 3D foot kinematics during treadmill walking both pre- and post-fatigue. The anatomical rearfoot angle was measured during standing prior to the fatigue protocol using a goniometer.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Peak rearfoot eversion remained unchanged following the fatigue protocol. Although increases in rearfoot eversion excursion were observed following fatigue, these changes were of a magnitude of questionable clinical significance (<1.0°). The magnitude of the change in rearfoot eversion due to fatigue was not associated with the anatomical measurement of standing rearfoot angle. No substantial changes in forefoot kinematics were observed following the fatigue protocol.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>These data indicate that reduced force output of the tibialis posterior muscle did not alter rearfoot and forefoot motion during gait. The anatomical structure of the rearfoot was not associated with the dependence of muscular activity that an individual requires to maintain normal rearfoot kinematics during gait.</p

Toxicity of mercury to hybridoma TA7 cells

Environmental mercury and mercury compound contamination has increased dramatically since the industrial revolution. This paper describes the toxic effects of mercury on a culture of hybridoma TA7 cells, which produce antibodies against the A-subunit of viskumin. Cells were cultivated on 96- well flat-bottomed plates with RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum at 37°C in 5% CO2/95% air. The cells were exposed to 0.1nM/l- 10μM/l Hg2(NO3)2·2H2O (mercury nitrate) during the exponential growth phase. Toxicity was assessed by using the colorimetric MTT (tetrazolium) assay after exposure for 48 hours. Cell growth and cell survival were evaluated by using percentage indices of cellular content in exposed cells when compared to non-exposed control cells. The concentrations of the no- effect level, the lowest observed effect level and the the highest toxic effect level were registered. The toxic effects of the mercury compound on the hybridoma cells occurred between 0.1μM/l and 10μM/l.Peer reviewe