神谷美恵子とフランクル―苦難の経験が開く地平

講演othe

An Experimental Study of the Sleeve Technique in Graft Anastomosis

The effects of a sleeve anastomotic technique (SL), which was designed to avoid intimal injury, on the healing characteristics of a polytetrafluoro-ethylene (PTFE) graft were compared with the effects of the conventional end-to-end anastomotic technique (ETE). A segment of canine abdominal aorta was replaced with a PTFE graft. The grafts were explanted after 4 months and the anastomotic portion was examined macroscopically and by light microscopy. The animals were divided into 4 groups (A to D) according to the combination of the anastomotic methods (ETE or SL) used for the proximal and distal anastomosis. No substantial difference was found between the proximal and distal anastomosis for either ETE or SL. The pulling tests between the PTFE graft and the excised segment of the abdominal aorta revealed no significant difference in the breaking loads between ETE and SL. Macroscopic and microscopic examination revealed that SL resulted in better and more regular neointimal extension on the luminal surface of the PTFE graft. The results suggest that SL is less traumatic to the endothelium of the host artery and may be effective in preventing postoperative intimal hyperplasia

Jasmonate-dependent plant defense restricts thrips performance and preference

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The western flower thrips (<it>Frankliniella occidentalis </it>[Pergande]) is one of the most important insect herbivores of cultivated plants. However, no pesticide provides complete control of this species, and insecticide resistance has emerged around the world. We previously reported the important role of jasmonate (JA) in the plant's immediate response to thrips feeding by using an <it>Arabidopsis </it>leaf disc system. In this study, as the first step toward practical use of JA in thrips control, we analyzed the effect of JA-regulated <it>Arabidopsis </it>defense at the whole plant level on thrips behavior and life cycle at the population level over an extended period. We also studied the effectiveness of JA-regulated plant defense on thrips damage in Chinese cabbage (<it>Brassica rapa </it>subsp. <it>pekinensis</it>).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Thrips oviposited more on <it>Arabidopsis </it>JA-insensitive <it>coi1-1 </it>mutants than on WT plants, and the population density of the following thrips generation increased on <it>coi1-1 </it>mutants. Moreover, thrips preferred <it>coi1-1 </it>mutants more than WT plants. Application of JA to WT plants before thrips attack decreased the thrips population. To analyze these important functions of JA in a brassica crop plant, we analyzed the expression of marker genes for JA response in <it>B. rapa</it>. Thrips feeding induced expression of these marker genes and significantly increased the JA content in <it>B. rapa</it>. Application of JA to <it>B. rapa </it>enhanced plant resistance to thrips, restricted oviposition, and reduced the population density of the following generation.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Our results indicate that the JA-regulated plant defense restricts thrips performance and preference, and plays an important role in the resistance of <it>Arabidopsis </it>and <it>B. rapa </it>to thrips damage.</p

Protein detection using hydrogel-based molecularly imprinted polymers integrated with dual polarisation interferometry

A polyacrylamide-based molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) was prepared for bovine haemoglobin (BHb). A 3 mg/ml solution of BHb was injected over a dual polarisation interferometer (DPI) sensor to form a physisorbed layer typically of 3.5 ± 0.5 nm thickness. Onto the pre-adsorbed protein layer, MIP and NIP (non-imprinted polymer) were separately injected to monitor the interaction of BHb MIP or NIP particles under different loading conditions with the pre-adsorbed protein layer. In the case of NIP flowing of the protein layer, there was negligible surface stripping of the pre-adsorbed protein. When a protein-eluted sample of MIP particles was flowed over a pre-adsorbed protein layer on the sensor chip, the sensor detected significant decreases in both layer thickness and mass, suggestive that protein was being selectively bound to MIP after being stripped-off from the sensor surface. We also integrated thin-film MIPS for BHb and BSA onto the DPI sensor surface and were able to show that whereas BHb bound selectively and strongly to the BHb MIP thin film (resulting in a sustained increase in thickness and mass), the BHb protein only demonstrated transient and reversible binding on the BSA MIP. MIPs were also tested after biofouling with plasma or serum at various dilutions. We found that serum at 1/100 dilution allowed the MIP to still function selectively. This is the first demonstration of MIPs being integrated with DPI in the development of synthetic receptor-based optical protein sensors. © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Experimental Assessment of Restoration of the Bronchial Artery in Sleeve Lobectomy Combined with Pulmonary Angioplasty

The restoration of the bronchial artery after bronchoplasty combined with pulmonary angioplasty was studied in relation to the degree of stenosis of the pulmonary artery by means of the microangiographic technique. Thirty-three dogs were used in this study. They were divided into Group A (15 dogs) with sleeve lobectomy alone, Group B (10 dogs) with sleeve lobectomy and a 50% stenosis of the left main pulmonary artery and Group C (8 dogs) with sleeve lobectomy and a 75% stenosis of the left main pulmonary artery. The restoration of the bronchial artery was assessed by microangiography. 1) The restoration of th bronchial artery after bronchoplasty was completed on day 14. The trend toward a ready regeneration of the bronchial artery becomes apparent if some degree of stenosis of the pulmonary artery exists after a duration of seven days. 2) The interrupted bronchial artery starts to restore at the adventitial face and extends throughout the whole wall of the bronchus after the 7th day. 3) From these results, an operative procedure of sleeve lobectomy with pulmonary angioplasty is applicable even though stenosis of the pulmonary artery remains to some degree

Changes in Esophageal Blood Flow by Esophageal Transection with Devascularization

Changes in the blood flow in the wall of the esophagus were experimentally measured with the use of the hydrogen clearance method to evaluate the influence of operative procedure by transectional esophago-esophagostomy with paraesophageal and perigastric devascularization in the treatment of esophageal varices. As a result of this study, an approximately 30% reduction in blood flow of the adventitia was confirmed according to the procedure of paraesophageal devascularization. When performing a further procedure of esophageal transection, total blood flow was reduced to 50%. It is logical to conclude that the marked decrease in blood flow in the wall of the esophagus offers a great opportunity for the development of postoperative anastomosis insufficiency. It is of interest to note that the incidence of postoperative complications in the performance of this operation for esophageal varices has become significant on the basis of blood flow changes in the wall of the esophagus

Surgical Treatment of Acquired Tricuspid Regurgitation with Carpentier\u27s Ring

Between 1976 and 1982, nine patients underwent tricuspid annuloplasty with use of CARPENTIER\u27s ring for acquired tricuspid regurgitation associated with mitral valvular diseases or ruptured aneurysm of the sinus VALSALVA. Of these, one patient died of low cardiac output and respiratory failure. Postoperative cardiac functions were evaluated on remaining eight patients by physical examinations, findings of roentgenogram and contrast echogram. No postoperative regurgitation of the tricuspid valve was detected by contrast echogram in any of the five patients who received this examination after operation. In six of the eight patients, postoperative physical activity improved to grade I of the classification of NYHA, whereas the improvement was limited to grade II in two other patients in whom some forms of the left side cardiac lesions (e. g. mitral regurgitation) still seemed to remain

Hyperbaric Lung Preservation with Hypothermia

The tolerable period of ischemia to canine lung were evaluated in preservation at hyperbaria of 3 atomospheres (absolute 3 at.) and 7 at. fed with oxygen or nitrogen gases. 1) Three atomospheres (absolute) protect lung transplant from ischemic damage up to 12 hours. 2) A 72 hour preservation lung at three atomospheres of nitrogen gas provided lung function after allografting in only one. This led us to know effectiveness of hyperbaria at three atomospheres