Medication Therapy Management: The Perspective of the Case Manager

What is the case manager’s perspective on medication therapy management? The study consisted of 3 focus groups consisting of mental health case managers who work with clients in the community within the St. Paul and Minneapolis, Minnesota. This study analyzed how case managers engage with their client; more specifically, the perceived importance of engagement and effectiveness of client engagement was explored. This research also examined what barriers case managers face in engaging with their clients and how these barriers affect a client to be medication compliant. Finally, this research attempted to obtain data on the case manager’s attitude of the importance of medication as a form of treatment for clients. This study used a qualitative approach to interviewing case managers in agencies chosen from a convenience sample. Narrative information from interviews was transcribed and subjected to a content analysis to inductively explore themes from the sample

Medication Therapy Management: The Perspective of the Case Manager

What is the case manager’s perspective on medication therapy management? The study consisted of 3 focus groups consisting of mental health case managers who work with clients in the community within the St. Paul and Minneapolis, Minnesota. This study analyzed how case managers engage with their client; more specifically, the perceived importance of engagement and effectiveness of client engagement was explored. This research also examined what barriers case managers face in engaging with their clients and how these barriers affect a client to be medication compliant. Finally, this research attempted to obtain data on the case manager’s attitude of the importance of medication as a form of treatment for clients. This study used a qualitative approach to interviewing case managers in agencies chosen from a convenience sample. Narrative information from interviews was transcribed and subjected to a content analysis to inductively explore themes from the sample

Local measurements of cyclotron states in graphene

Multilayer epitaxial graphene has been shown to contain "massless Dirac fermions" and is believed to provide a possible route to industrial-scale graphene electronics. We used scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and spectroscopy (STS) in high magnetic fields to obtain local information on these fermions. A new STS technique was developed to directly measure graphene's energy-momentum relationship and resulted in the highest precision measurement of graphene's Dirac cone. STS spectra similar to ideal graphene were observed, but additional anomalies were also found. Extra peaks and an asymmetry between electron and hole states were shown to be caused by the work function difference between the Iridium STM tip and graphene. This tip effect was extracted using modeled potentials and performing a least square fit using degenerate perturbation theory on graphene's eigenstates solved in the symmetric gauge. Defects on graphene were then investigated and magnetic field effects were shown to be due to a mixture of potential effect from defects and the tip potential. New defect states were observed to localize around specific defects, and are believed to interact with the STM tip by Stark shifting in energy. This Stark shift gives a direct measurement of the capacitive coupling between the tip and graphene and agrees with the modeled results found when extracting the tip potential.Ph.D.Committee Chair: First, Phillip; Committee Member: Jiang, Zhigang; Committee Member: Kindermann, Markus; Committee Member: Stroscio, Joseph,; Committee Member: Zangwill, Andre

Klauzula przeciwko unikaniu opodatkowania. Aspekty prawno-podatkowe

The article covers the legal and tax aspects of the implementation of general anti-avoidance clause in Polish tax law, including the historical outline of the clause, its essence, and the usefulness of achieving the legislator’s intended effects. The article deals with the disadvantages and advantages of the clause, its compliance with constitutional regulations, as well as the institution of GAAR protective tax opinions and the position of the Council on counteracting tax evasion.Artykuł omawia prawne i podatkowe aspekty wdrożenia do polskiego prawa podatkowego klauzuli o przeciwdziałaniu unikania opodatkowania, rys historyczny klauzuli, jej istotę oraz przydatność dla osiągnięcia zamierzonych przez ustawodawcę efektów. Artykuł odnosi się również do kwestii wad i zalet klauzuli, konstytucyjności regulacji oraz instytucji opinii zabezpieczających i pozycji Rady do Spraw Przeciwdziałania Unikaniu Opodatkowania

Charakterystyka prawno-podatkowa opłaty za gospodarowanie odpadami komunalnymi i jej opodatkowanie podatkiem od towarów i usług

The article deals with the subject of the municipal waste management fee, including the structural elements of the fee and the rules of its collection. The author also qualifies the fee as a public levy and assesses whether it is closer to a fee in the constitutional sense, or a tax. The article also refers to the issue of tax consequences of the fee in the tax on goods and services

Telemetrische Erfassung von Fledermausquartieren im dicht bebauten Stadtgebiet Wiens

In der Stadt Wien wurden bislang 21 der insgesamt 26 österreichischen Fledermausarten nachgewiesen. Die hohe Aktivität von Fledermäusen im dicht verbauten Stadtgebiet lässt ein ebenso zahlreiches Quartiervorkommen vermuten. Als Vorarbeit für ein Fledermaus-Managementkonzept sollte in dieser Studie die Quartiersituation auf diesen Flächen charakterisiert werden. Dazu wurden im Sommer 2008 30 Tiere gefangen, mit Radiosendern bestückt und ihre Tagesquartiere mit Hilfe eines Empfangsgeräts ausfindig gemacht. Es konnten ausschließlich spaltennutzende Arten gefangen und telemetriert werden. Quartiere kamen im dicht bebauten Stadtgebiet sowohl in Bäumen als auch in Gebäuden sehr häufig vor. Als Quartiergebäude wurden bevorzugt nicht baufällige Bauten gewählt - vermutlich aufgrund des Mangels an baufälligen Gebäuden im Untersuchungsgebiet. Weiters konnte gezeigt werden, dass bereits ein Mindestmaß an Begrünung sich positiv auf die Wahl eines Gebäudequartiers auswirkte. Alle bezogenen Quartierbäume wiesen Specht-, Ast- oder Fäulnishöhlen, beziehungsweise Sturmschäden auf. Daher ist der Erhalt solcher Baumbestände als wichtige Managementmaßnahme anzusehen. Bedingt durch die spaltenbewohnende Lebensweise der telemetrierten Arten und dem entsprechend reichen Quartierangebot, konnte kein Mangel an Quartieren im dicht bebauten Stadtgebiet Wiens festgestellt werden. Dieses Ergebnis ist jedoch nur bedingt signifikant, da nur sechs der insgesamt 21 in Wien vorkommenden Arten untersucht werden konnten. Von einem Teil dieser sind darüber hinaus auch nicht ausreichend viele Individuen telemetriert worden.In the city of Vienna, 21 of the 26 Austrian bat species have been detected so far. The high activity of bats in the densely built area of the city suggests a correspondingly high occurrence of roosts. In order to prepare management concept for urban bat conservation, the situation of roosts in the city was characterized. I therefore trapped 30 bats during the summer of 2008, marked them with radio transmitters, and tried detect their daytime roosts with a receiver. Only species roosting in crevices were trapped and marked. Trees and buildings turned out to be equally important sources of bat roosts in densely built city areas. Roosts within buildings were mostly found in buildings of good condition – probably because of the lack of decrepit buildings in the investigated area. The presence of roosts correlated to the amount of surrounding urban green. The roost trees showed knotholes, woodpecker holes, holes caused of rottenness or storm damages. Thus, preserving such trees is substantial for bat conservation management. It seems that there is no lack of day roosts for bat species dwelling in crevices in the densely built part of Vienna. This result is of limited significance, because we could only detect six of the 21 species yet recorded in Vienna. Further, for some of the trapped bat species, the number of individuals was not sufficient to draw significant conclusions on their roosting preferences