Pt(II) and Pd(II) Complexes with β-Alanine

A sequence of stages in the syntheses of isomeric bisamino acid complexes of Pt(II) with β-aminopropionic acid (β-alanine = β-AlaH) has been studied by the 195Pt NMR spectroscopy. The techniques have been developed of the synthesis of the cis- and trans-bischelates of Pt(II) and Pd(II) with β-alanine as well as of the halide complexes of trans-[M(β-AlaH)2Cl2] (M = Pt, Pd) and trans-K2[Pt(β-Ala)2I2] types. The NMR spectroscopy and IR spectroscopy (in the nuclei of 195Pt,13C,1H) and X-ray diffraction analysis have been used to examine the structures of the synthesized compounds

EEG revealed improved vigilance regulation after stress exposure under Nx4: A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, cross-over trial

ObjectivesVigilance is characterized by alertness and sustained attention. The hyper-vigilance states are indicators of stress experience in the resting brain. Neurexan (Nx4) has been shown to modulate the neuroendocrine stress response. Here, we hypothesized that the intake of Nx4 would alter brain vigilance states at rest.MethodIn this post-hoc analysis of the NEURIM study, EEG recordings of three, 12 min resting-state conditions in 39 healthy male volunteers were examined in a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, cross-over clinical trial. EEG was recorded at three resting-state sessions: at baseline (RS0), after single-dose treatment with Nx4 or placebo (RS1), and subsequently after a psychosocial stress task (RS2). During each resting-state session, each 2-s segment of the consecutive EEG epochs was classified into one of seven different brain states along a wake-sleep continuum using the VIGALL 2.1 algorithm.ResultsIn the post-stress resting-state, subjects exhibited a hyper-stable vigilance regulation characterized by an increase in the mean vigilance level and by more rigidity in the higher vigilance states for a longer period of time. Importantly, Nx4-treated participants exhibited significantly lower mean vigilance level compared to placebo-treated ones. Also, Nx4- compared to placebo-treated participants spent comparably less time in higher vigilance states and more time in lower vigilance states in the post-stress resting-state.ConclusionStudy participants showed a significantly lower mean vigilance level in the post-stress resting-state condition and tended to stay longer in lower vigilance states after treatment with Nx4. These findings support the known stress attenuation effect of Nx4

The analysis of the existing techniques of the ecological and geographical assessment of the regions

The modern historical geography plays an important part in the complex historical and geographical study of a region and creation of the techniques of the ecological and geographical assessment of its landscapes. The retrospective analysis of the evolution of the definition of the concept of the "ecological and geographical assessment" in the works of the leading Russian geographers showed the dependence of its treatment on the applied approaches, i.e. historical-landscape, comprehensive physical-geographical, socio-geoecological, etc. The distinction between the approaches to the ecological-geographical assessment of various Russian scientific schools is shown through practical examples. The analysis of the structure of the criteria and the set of the indicators of the ecological-geographical assessment is carried out in the paper. The potential of the stability of the landscapes, included by many authors along with the ecological and resource potentials into the structure of the ecological-geographical assessment, is important. The landscape potential assessment (ecological, natural-resource) is carried out within natural and administrative boarders. The paper considers the approaches to the integral assessment of the landscape potential based on the analysis of the duration and intensity of the territory’s development at a regional level

Phylogeny and Diversification Patterns among Vesicomyid Bivalves

Vesicomyid bivalves are among the most abundant and diverse symbiotic taxa in chemosynthetic-based ecosystems: more than 100 different vesicomyid species have been described so far. In the present study, we investigated the phylogenetic positioning of recently described vesicomyid species from the Gulf of Guinea and their western Atlantic and Pacific counterparts using mitochondrial DNA sequence data. The maximum-likelihood (ML) tree provided limited support for the recent taxonomic revision of vesicomyids based on morphological criteria; nevertheless, most of the newly sequenced specimens did not cluster with their morphological conspecifics. Moreover, the observed lack of geographic clustering suggests the occurrence of independent radiations followed by worldwide dispersal. Ancestral character state reconstruction showed a significant correlation between the characters “depth” and “habitat” and the reconstructed ML phylogeny suggesting possible recurrent events of ‘stepwise speciation’ from shallow to deep waters in different ocean basins. This is consistent with genus or species bathymetric segregation observed from recent taxonomic studies. Altogether, our results highlight the need for ongoing re-evaluation of the morphological characters used to identify vesicomyid bivalves

ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА ЭНДЕМИЧЕСКИХ ФАКТОРОВ РИСКА ХРОНИЧЕСКОЙ ОБСТРУКТИВНОЙ БОЛЕЗНИ ЛЕГКИХ В РЕСПУБЛИКЕ КОМИ

Introduction. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is one of the most widespread pulmonary diseases. The important feature of conditions of emergence of COPD is long influence of etiological factors and risk factors. Detection of risk factors is urgent and necessary for well-timed diagnosis, purpose of adequate treatment, improvement of scheduled maintenance. The objective is to show the negative impact of individual etiological factors and of risk factors of COPD among adult population in one of the regions of the Komi Republic for the 2013–2016 period. Material and methods. Materials of medical examination among the adult population in the urban-type settlement Zheshart of the Komi Republic for the period of 2013–2016. The patients were divided into three age groups: from 21 to 36 years, from 39 to 60 years, from 60 years and older; men and women. Among the unfavorable etiological and risk factors a special attention was paid to climate, smoking, low physical activity, irrational nutrition. Results. The Komi Republic is characterized by a cold and severe climate. The adverse climatic factors promote development of COPD, especially in patients with genetic predisposition to pulmonary diseases. The percentage of smokers is high among the population and male smokers on average by 40.6 % more than women smokers. Smoking is mainly common at the age from 21 years old up to 36 years old. The number of patients with low physical activity remains at steadily high level. The number of women with low physical activity exceeds number of men in two and more times. Most of all patients with low physical activity (as well as with irrational nutrition) are noted at the age of 39–60 years. An alarming tendency is prevalence of an irrational nutrition. The number of the women eating irrationally exceeds the number of men in 1.5 -2 times. The number of patients with irrational nutrition is less at the age of 21–36 years. Conclusions. The serious risk factors of COPD are negative climatic conditions, low physical activity, smoking, irrational nutrition. Pulmonary rehabilitation is necessary for patients with COPD. A basis of pulmonary rehabilitation is the physical exercises. Identification and accounting of risk factors of COPD is important for improvement of scheduled maintenance, early diagnostics and purpose of adequate therapeutic treatment.Введение. Хроническая обструктивная болезнь легких (ХОБЛ) является одним из наиболее распространенных заболеваний легких. Важной особенностью условий возникновения ХОБЛ является длительное воздействие этиологических факторов и факторов риска. Выявление этих факторов актуально и необходимо для своевременной постановки диагноза, назначения адекватного лечения, совершенствования профилактической работы. Цель – показать негативное влияние отдельных этиологических факторов и факторов риска ХОБЛ среди взрослого населения одного из регионов Республики Коми за период 2013–2016 гг. Материал и методы. Были изучены материалы диспансеризации взрослого населения пгт Жешарт Республики Коми за четыре года, с 2013 по 2016 г. Пациенты были разделены на три возрастные группы: от 21 до 36 лет, от 39 до 60 лет, от 60 лет и старше; мужчины и женщины. Среди неблагоприятных этиологических факторов и факторов риска особое внимание было обращено на климат, курение, низкую физическую активность, нерациональное питание. Результаты. Для Республики Коми характерен холодный и суровый климат. Неблагоприятные климатические факторы способствуют развитию ХОБЛ, особенно у пациентов с генетической предрасположенностью к легочным заболеваниям. Среди населения высок процент курящих, причем курящих мужчин в среднем на 40,6 % больше, чем курящих женщин. Курение отмечается преимущественно в возрасте от 21 до 36 лет. На стабильно высоком уровне держится количество пациентов с низкой физической активностью. Число женщин с низкой физической активностью в 2 и более раза превышает число мужчин. Наибольший процент пациентов с низкой физической активностью (а также с нерациональным питанием) отмечается в возрасте 39–60 лет. Тревожной тенденцией является распространенность нерационального питания. Количество женщин, питающихся нерационально, превышает количество мужчин в 1,5–2 раза. Меньше всего пациентов с нерациональным питанием в возрасте 21–36 лет. Выводы. Серьезными факторами риска ХОБЛ являются негативные климатические условия, низкая физическая активность, курение, нерациональное питание. Для пациентов с ХОБЛ необходима легочная реабилитация. Основой легочной реабилитации является физическая нагрузка. Выявление и учет факторов риска ХОБЛ имеют важное значение для совершенствования профилактической работы, ранней диагностики и назначения адекватного терапевтического лечения

Relationship of fluorine and iron deficiency in children

The article presents some aspects of the relationship between fluorine and iron in infants and young children.В статье представлены некоторые аспекты взаимосвязи между фтором и железом у детей грудного и раннего возраста

ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ МИНИМАЛЬНЫХ ИНГИБИРУЮЩИХ КОНЦЕНТРАЦИЙ БЕДАКВИЛИНА ДЛЯ ОЦЕНКИ ЛЕКАРСТВЕННОЙ ЧУВСТВИТЕЛЬНОСТИ МИКОБАКТЕРИЙ ТУБЕРКУЛЕЗА

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