The relationship between cognitive maturity and information about health problems among school age children

This study of urban, multi-ethnic children was undertaken to explore the relationships between age, cognitive developmental capability (termed ‘cognitive maturity’) and accuracy of information about health problems. A total of 299 children in the first, second and third grades from six public and one private school hi New York City were individually interviewed using an open-ended set of questions. Findings indicated that having accurate health information is not the same as comprehending the abstract internal nature of the ‘facts’. Results supported Piaget\u27s levels of cognitive development applied to the area of health. Findings also showed that age is a better predictor of children\u27s accuracy about health information than their cognitive maturity. The findings underscore the need for those providing health education to place emphasis on the cognitive abilities of children and not to mistake recitation of factual information for understanding of conceptual elements of a health problem

Prospectus, June 5, 1969

PAPER RECEIVES AWARD; Betsy Emord 1969 PC Queen; \u27Cracker Jacks\u27 Gets Writer\u27s Congrats; Editors\u27 Column; Black Rap; Outposts Of Russia Come To PC In Green\u27s Films; Auto-Farm Students Tour At GC, Select Patch; Counselors\u27 Corner…; Biology Teacher Moore Switched From Music; Athletics Completed At PC; Former UI Footballer Coaches At Parkland; Cougars Win IM Softball; Sports Editor, Writers Needed; Kent Palma To So. Mississippi; Morgon, Long Shine In IM Track; The Year That Was; Veteran\u27s Association; Student Education Association; Parkland\u27s Activities 1968-1969; Nursing Students Association; Data Processing Management Association; Phi Beta Lambda; Campus Life; Pi Sigma Iota; Cheerleaders; Graduates 1969https://spark.parkland.edu/prospectus_1969/1005/thumbnail.jp

Prospectus, January 24, 1969

BLACK PANEL TALK; Fall Quarter Honors List; New Officers Sworn in at SG Meeting; SIU Visitor; Editors\u27 Column; Readerspeak; Locker Dispute; Panel Speaks Up; Black Rap; Higher Tuition: How Students React to Increase; Parkland Seen; Presenting Another Dynamic Duo; Ask Charlie Brown; Call it By Name; Hit the Ice This Mondayhttps://spark.parkland.edu/prospectus_1969/1013/thumbnail.jp

Prospectus, May 16, 1969

BOARD LOOKS AT CODE; Art Show Ill-Attended; Black Rap; Art Students Ask The Question Why; Review of Hamlet; Not So Nursery Rhyme; Bake Sale Goes Over Big; Ask Minerva; New Members Of SG Hit; Instructional Resource Center; The Marvelous Montoya; Teachers Unite; Parkland Players Present...; Aces And Spaces; Counselors\u27 Corner...; Dr. Smith Moves Forth; Moose Lodge Is Picketed; Liz Sharp, Klapperich Track Stars; Intramural Track Results; Parkland College Basketball Schedule; Photographic Art By Thomas Kläyhttps://spark.parkland.edu/prospectus_1969/1006/thumbnail.jp

Prospectus, June 3, 1970

PARKLAND OBSERVES STRIKE; President Nixon Addresses Graduates; Kraft-Humko Report Is Vague and Insufficient ; Letters To The Editor; Repression Of Teachers; Farris Talks About Year\u27s Work, Events; White House Conference; Dental Hygiene Activities: Students Active In Community Programs; Ruth St. John: Withdraw As Fast As Possible , We Always Keep On Learning ; Students Endorse Strike; Prospectus, Senate Push Boycott; Students Speak Out On Strike; Student Strike Poll Results; Administrators Claim Parkland Not Affected By Strike; Cambodia--Another Nam?; Anti-Nixon, Cambodia Teach-In; Faculty Says Symbolic Strike Justified; Hypnosis Increasingly Popular In Medicine; Woodstock Denies Capitalism, Profit; Summer Recreation At Allerton Park; From The Office of Senator Edward M. Kennedy of Massachusetts; Bull Page: Article Appear In Agricultural Education Magazine, P.C. Students Wins State Speech Contest; Student Govt., College Draft Deferments, Teacher Aid Classes Have Lecturer; Exploding Population : Blazier Lectures On Population Problem; Hopes For Control Of Contraception; Candy Store-Restaurant Ends 45 Year Historyhttps://spark.parkland.edu/prospectus_1970/1027/thumbnail.jp

Prospectus, February 7, 1969

CAMPUS HAS NATURAL LOOK -- WILL BE COMPLETED BY 1975, STUDENTS MOVE IN BY 1971; Black Rap; Readerspeak; Supersnake; Plato Hook-Up at PC; Ask Charlie Brown; SG Charters Clubs, Approves Cap, Gown; Student Guides Needed; BSA Gets New Dean; Jobs Open at Parkland; Mrs. Scott For Equality at PC; Visit From Blackburn Counselor; Feels Close to Students; Parkland Theater Now in First Production; Student Reporters Evicted From Faculty Association; Dietz, Lehnis Stop Cobras; Two Prodigals Reinstated on Basketball Team; Parkland Shoots .539 in Clipping Olney JC; Kays Forfeit, Canton Next; Druts, Lobos and Cougars Tied at 2-0; Parkland Drops 9th, Millikin Wins 102-87https://spark.parkland.edu/prospectus_1969/1012/thumbnail.jp

Prospectus, February 21, 1969

SG DEMANDS CODE REVISION; Students Grumble At Code; Letter Sent To Staerkel Tells Student Opinion; Readerspeak; Supersnake; Black Rap; Science, Music Interest PC Biology Instructor; BSA Demands Are Answered By Staerkel; Ask Minerva; Spring Means Formal Plans; Phi Beta Lamda Has Casino Night; BSA Style Show; Spoon River; The Martyr; Literary Magazine Dumped; They\u27re All Dead; Cold-Shooting Parkland Tumbles To Olney, 59-47; Bigler Talks, New Manager Is Needed; Regional Next For PC; White Wins FT Contest; Bulletin; Spoon River Flows Past Cobras; 36\u27ers Hot, Three Teams Still On Top; Cobras Or \u27Toppers?\u27 Battle Resumes Again; E.I.U. Drops Cobras In OT, 75-70; PC Cheerleaders Are Impressivehttps://spark.parkland.edu/prospectus_1969/1011/thumbnail.jp

Prospectus, March 31, 1969

PROSPECTUS X-RAYS PC; New Clubs On Campus; Getting Too Drafty?; Urges Activities Through Media; IOC Formed; Blind; Editors\u27 Column; Black Rap; PC Polled Again: Students Ask For Culture; Literary Mag. Much-Needed Facet Of PC; Around Parkland College:; Auto-Farm Tech Club in Planning; Refresher Course, For RN\u27s; Lit Mag Finally Okayed; Scholarship For JC Students; Louis Lomax Speaks At PC; Parkland: What Is And What Will Be; Self Contained Unit; Photo Essay By Lou McClellan; Reporters Allowed To Sit With Faculty; Board Cuts Campus Cost With Clay File; Ask Minerva; 8 SG Posts Now Open; Fort To Speak; Town; A Chance To Inovate; Miss Snyder - \u27Best Decorated\u27; Counselors\u27 Corner...; Council For Interracial Projects; On April Fool\u27s Day: Faculty Vs. All-Stars; Boris Karloff is Dead, Frankenstein is Gone; Druts Win Championship; Four Sports In Spring Intramuralshttps://spark.parkland.edu/prospectus_1969/1009/thumbnail.jp

Causes, patterns and severity of androgen excess in 487 consecutively recruited pre- and post-pubertal children

Objective Androgen excess in childhood is a common presentation and may signify sinister underlying pathology. Data describing its patterns and severity are scarce, limiting the information available for clinical decision processes. Here, we examined the differential diagnostic value of serum DHEAS, androstenedione (A4) and testosterone in childhood androgen excess. Design Retrospective review of all children undergoing serum androgen measurement at a single center over 5 years. Methods Serum A4 and testosterone were measured by tandem mass spectrometry and DHEAS by immunoassay. Patients with at least one increased androgen underwent phenotyping by clinical notes review. Results In 487 children with simultaneous DHEAS, A4 and testosterone measurements, we identified 199 with androgen excess (140 pre- and 59 post-pubertal). Premature adrenarche (PA) was the most common pre-pubertal diagnosis (61%), characterized by DHEAS excess in 85%, while A4 and testosterone were only increased in 26 and 9% respectively. PCOS was diagnosed in 40% of post-pubertal subjects, presenting equally frequent with isolated excess of DHEAS (29%) or testosterone (25%) or increases in both A4 and testosterone (25%). CAH patients (6%) predominantly had A4 excess (86%); testosterone and DHEAS were increased in 50 and 33% respectively. Concentrations increased above the two-fold upper limit of normal were mostly observed in PA for serum DHEAS (&gt;20-fold in the single case of adrenocortical carcinoma) and in CAH for serum androstenedione. Conclusions Patterns and severity of childhood androgen excess provide pointers to the underlying diagnosis and can be used to guide further investigations.</p

Prospectus, January 10, 1969

VOTE VOTE VOTE!; Spring Concert in March; Tuition Up; 3 New Clubs on Campus; PP Presents First Dynamic Duo; Ask Charlie Brown; Danville Dumps PC, 91-67; IM to Begin Soon; Palma Hits 21 in Loss; Springfield Next Foe; Parkland Falls 89-82https://spark.parkland.edu/prospectus_1969/1014/thumbnail.jp