Intralezijska injekcija triamcinolon acetonida u liječenju halaziona

The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of intralesional triamcinolone acetonide injection in primary and recurrent chalazion. The study included 30 patients with primary and recurrent chalazion (37 cases) and 24 patients as a control group. Patients with primary and recurrent chalazion received intralesional injection of 0.1 to 0.2 mL triamcinolone acetonide (40 mg/mL). Control group received intralesional injection of 0.1 to 0.2 mL 0.9% NaCl. Data on the lesion size, including digital color photography, lesion regression or recurrence, and complete ophthalmic examination were recorded at the time of injection and after a week or two until resolution or surgical excision. Success was defined as at least 80% decrease in size with no recurrence. Resolution of the lesion was found in 35 cases after one or two injections, with a mean time to resolution of15.27±6.12 days. Subcutaneous injection of the steroid triamcinolone acetonide in primary and recurrent chalazion appears to be a simple and efficacious therapeutic option for chalazion.Cilj studije bio je procijeniti učinkovitost intralezijskog injektiranja triamcinolon acetonida kod primarnog i recidivirajućeg halaziona. U ispitivanje je bilo uključeno 30 bolesnika s primarnim i recidivirajućim halazionom (37 slučajeva) i 24 bolesnika kao kontrolna skupina. Bolesnici s primarnim i recidivirajućim halazionom primili su intralezijsku injekciju 0,1 do 0,2 mL triamcinolon acetonida (40 mg/mL), dok su bolesnici kontrolne skupine primili intralezijsku injekciju 0,1 do 0,2 mL 0,9%-tne NaCl. Podatci o veličini lezije, uključujući digitalnu fotografiju u boji, regresiji ili recidivu lezije te o cjelokupnom oftalmološkom pregledu bilježili su se u vrijeme injektiranja te nakon jednog ili dva tjedna do povlačenja ili kirurškog odstranjenja lezije. Uspješnost je definirana kao najmanje 80%-tno smanjenje veličine lezije bez recidiva. Povlačenje lezije utvrđeno je u 35 slučajeva nakon jedne ili dvije injekcije, srednje vrijeme do povlačenja od 15,27±6,12 dana. Potkožno injektiranje steroida triamcinolon acetonida kod primarnog i recidivirajućeg halaziona pokazalo se jednostavnom i učinkovitom terapijom za halazion

Intralezijska injekcija triamcinolon acetonida u liječenju halaziona

The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of intralesional triamcinolone acetonide injection in primary and recurrent chalazion. The study included 30 patients with primary and recurrent chalazion (37 cases) and 24 patients as a control group. Patients with primary and recurrent chalazion received intralesional injection of 0.1 to 0.2 mL triamcinolone acetonide (40 mg/mL). Control group received intralesional injection of 0.1 to 0.2 mL 0.9% NaCl. Data on the lesion size, including digital color photography, lesion regression or recurrence, and complete ophthalmic examination were recorded at the time of injection and after a week or two until resolution or surgical excision. Success was defined as at least 80% decrease in size with no recurrence. Resolution of the lesion was found in 35 cases after one or two injections, with a mean time to resolution of15.27±6.12 days. Subcutaneous injection of the steroid triamcinolone acetonide in primary and recurrent chalazion appears to be a simple and efficacious therapeutic option for chalazion.Cilj studije bio je procijeniti učinkovitost intralezijskog injektiranja triamcinolon acetonida kod primarnog i recidivirajućeg halaziona. U ispitivanje je bilo uključeno 30 bolesnika s primarnim i recidivirajućim halazionom (37 slučajeva) i 24 bolesnika kao kontrolna skupina. Bolesnici s primarnim i recidivirajućim halazionom primili su intralezijsku injekciju 0,1 do 0,2 mL triamcinolon acetonida (40 mg/mL), dok su bolesnici kontrolne skupine primili intralezijsku injekciju 0,1 do 0,2 mL 0,9%-tne NaCl. Podatci o veličini lezije, uključujući digitalnu fotografiju u boji, regresiji ili recidivu lezije te o cjelokupnom oftalmološkom pregledu bilježili su se u vrijeme injektiranja te nakon jednog ili dva tjedna do povlačenja ili kirurškog odstranjenja lezije. Uspješnost je definirana kao najmanje 80%-tno smanjenje veličine lezije bez recidiva. Povlačenje lezije utvrđeno je u 35 slučajeva nakon jedne ili dvije injekcije, srednje vrijeme do povlačenja od 15,27±6,12 dana. Potkožno injektiranje steroida triamcinolon acetonida kod primarnog i recidivirajućeg halaziona pokazalo se jednostavnom i učinkovitom terapijom za halazion

Sigurnost i učinkovit ostfiksne kombinacije (travoprost 0,004%/timolol 0,5%) umjesto monoterapije u šestomjesečnom periodu praćenja

Purpose: To assess the safety and efficacy of changing antiglaucoma therapy to the travoprost 0,004%/timolol 0,5% (TTF C) fixed combination from previous monotherapies. Methods: Prospective, open-label, observational, multicenter cohort. A change was done from prior monotherapy at day 0 to TTF C dosed once a day, regardless in the evening or in the morning, without washout period. Active evaluation of systemic and local tolerability (adverse events), and efficacy ie. intraocular pressure (IOP) lowering was done at control 1 (day 30), control 2 (day 90) and control 3 (day 120). Results: 40/155/170 patients (79/309/339 eyes) completed the study (120 days/ 90 days/baseline, respectfully). At control 1 excluded were patients with low tolerability (severe hyperemia (6 patients), discomfort (4), chest pain (1)) and non responders (IOP lowering less than 15% from baseline IOP or target IOP >18 mmHg (4 patients)). Mean IOP at control 1 was 15,92±1,85 mm Hg (21,66% reduction) for 155 patients (non responders excluded), at control 2 was for 155 patients 15,67±2,17 mm Hg (21,14% reduction), and at control 3 for 40 patients 16,28±1,59 mm Hg (19,86% reduction). At control 2 analysis of IOP reduction by 4 groups of previous monotherapy (timolol 0,5% (N=33/66), latanoprost 0,005% (N=49/98), betaxolol 0,5% (N=30/60), and travoprost 0,004% (N=43/85) was performed. 40 patients/79 eyes endured to control 3 (after day 90 free samples were not available for all patients). Analysis of IOP reduction by 4 groups of previous monotherapy medications was performed (timolol 0,5%(N=7/14), latanoprost 0,005% (N=14/28), betaxolol 0,5% (N=7/14), travoprost 0,004% (N=12/23)). Conclusions: Changing patients from prior monotherapy to TTF C can provide on average a further reduction in IOP, while demonstrating a favorable safety profile.CILJ: Zabilježiti sigurnost i učinkovitost promjene antiglaukomske terapije u travoprost 0,004%/timolol 0,5% (TTF C) fiksnu kombinaciju s prethodnih monoterapija. METODE: Prospektivna, otvorena, opservacijska, multicentrična populacija. Promjena s prethodne monoterapije na dan 0 u TTF C, doziran jednom dnevno, ili ujutro ili navečer, bez perioda ispiranja. Aktivno je ocijenjena sistemska i lokalna podnošljivost (popratne pojave), i učinkovitost tj.sniženje intraokularnog tlaka (IOT) na prvoj kontroli (dan 30), drugoj kontroli (dan 90) i trećoj kontroli (dan 120). REZULTATI: 40/155/170 bolesnika (79/309/339 očiju) završilo je studiju (120 dana/ 90 dana/početak). Na prvoj kontroli isključeni su svi bolesnici koji su slabo podnosili lijek: ozbiljna hiperemija (6 bolesnika), neugoda (4), bol u prsištu (1) i ne- responderi tj. sniženje IOT-a manje od 15% od početnog IOT ili ciljnog IOT >18 mmHg (4 bolesnika). Prosječni IOT na prvoj kontroli je bio 15,92±1,85 mm Hg (21,66% sniženja) kod 155 bolesnika (isključeni ne-responderi), na drugoj kontroli je kod 155 bolesnika bio 15,67±2,17 mm Hg (21,14% sniženja), i na trećoj kontroli kod 40 bolesnika 16,28±1,59 mm Hg (19,86% sniženja). Na drugoj kontroli je učinjena analiza sniženja IOT-a u 4 grupe prethodno korištene monoterapije: timolol 0,5% (N=33/66), latanoprost 0,005% (N=49/98), betaxolol 0,5% (N=30/60), i travoprost 0,004% (N=43/85). 40 bolesnika/79 očiju praćeno je do treće kontrole. Učinjena je analiza sniženja IOT-a u 4 grupe prethodno korištene monoterapije: timolol 0,5% (N=7/14), latanoprost 0,005% (N=14/28), betaxolol 0,5% (N=7/14), travoprost 0,004% (N=12/23). Zaključak: Promjena terapije s prethodne monoterapije u TTF C može u prosjeku omogućiti dodatno sniženje IOT-a, uz zadovoljavajući profil sigurnosti

Sigurnost i učinkovit ostfiksne kombinacije (travoprost 0,004%/timolol 0,5%) umjesto monoterapije u šestomjesečnom periodu praćenja

Purpose: To assess the safety and efficacy of changing antiglaucoma therapy to the travoprost 0,004%/timolol 0,5% (TTF C) fixed combination from previous monotherapies. Methods: Prospective, open-label, observational, multicenter cohort. A change was done from prior monotherapy at day 0 to TTF C dosed once a day, regardless in the evening or in the morning, without washout period. Active evaluation of systemic and local tolerability (adverse events), and efficacy ie. intraocular pressure (IOP) lowering was done at control 1 (day 30), control 2 (day 90) and control 3 (day 120). Results: 40/155/170 patients (79/309/339 eyes) completed the study (120 days/ 90 days/baseline, respectfully). At control 1 excluded were patients with low tolerability (severe hyperemia (6 patients), discomfort (4), chest pain (1)) and non responders (IOP lowering less than 15% from baseline IOP or target IOP >18 mmHg (4 patients)). Mean IOP at control 1 was 15,92±1,85 mm Hg (21,66% reduction) for 155 patients (non responders excluded), at control 2 was for 155 patients 15,67±2,17 mm Hg (21,14% reduction), and at control 3 for 40 patients 16,28±1,59 mm Hg (19,86% reduction). At control 2 analysis of IOP reduction by 4 groups of previous monotherapy (timolol 0,5% (N=33/66), latanoprost 0,005% (N=49/98), betaxolol 0,5% (N=30/60), and travoprost 0,004% (N=43/85) was performed. 40 patients/79 eyes endured to control 3 (after day 90 free samples were not available for all patients). Analysis of IOP reduction by 4 groups of previous monotherapy medications was performed (timolol 0,5%(N=7/14), latanoprost 0,005% (N=14/28), betaxolol 0,5% (N=7/14), travoprost 0,004% (N=12/23)). Conclusions: Changing patients from prior monotherapy to TTF C can provide on average a further reduction in IOP, while demonstrating a favorable safety profile.CILJ: Zabilježiti sigurnost i učinkovitost promjene antiglaukomske terapije u travoprost 0,004%/timolol 0,5% (TTF C) fiksnu kombinaciju s prethodnih monoterapija. METODE: Prospektivna, otvorena, opservacijska, multicentrična populacija. Promjena s prethodne monoterapije na dan 0 u TTF C, doziran jednom dnevno, ili ujutro ili navečer, bez perioda ispiranja. Aktivno je ocijenjena sistemska i lokalna podnošljivost (popratne pojave), i učinkovitost tj.sniženje intraokularnog tlaka (IOT) na prvoj kontroli (dan 30), drugoj kontroli (dan 90) i trećoj kontroli (dan 120). REZULTATI: 40/155/170 bolesnika (79/309/339 očiju) završilo je studiju (120 dana/ 90 dana/početak). Na prvoj kontroli isključeni su svi bolesnici koji su slabo podnosili lijek: ozbiljna hiperemija (6 bolesnika), neugoda (4), bol u prsištu (1) i ne- responderi tj. sniženje IOT-a manje od 15% od početnog IOT ili ciljnog IOT >18 mmHg (4 bolesnika). Prosječni IOT na prvoj kontroli je bio 15,92±1,85 mm Hg (21,66% sniženja) kod 155 bolesnika (isključeni ne-responderi), na drugoj kontroli je kod 155 bolesnika bio 15,67±2,17 mm Hg (21,14% sniženja), i na trećoj kontroli kod 40 bolesnika 16,28±1,59 mm Hg (19,86% sniženja). Na drugoj kontroli je učinjena analiza sniženja IOT-a u 4 grupe prethodno korištene monoterapije: timolol 0,5% (N=33/66), latanoprost 0,005% (N=49/98), betaxolol 0,5% (N=30/60), i travoprost 0,004% (N=43/85). 40 bolesnika/79 očiju praćeno je do treće kontrole. Učinjena je analiza sniženja IOT-a u 4 grupe prethodno korištene monoterapije: timolol 0,5% (N=7/14), latanoprost 0,005% (N=14/28), betaxolol 0,5% (N=7/14), travoprost 0,004% (N=12/23). Zaključak: Promjena terapije s prethodne monoterapije u TTF C može u prosjeku omogućiti dodatno sniženje IOT-a, uz zadovoljavajući profil sigurnosti

PREVALENCE OF SIDEROPENIA AND SIDEROPENIC ANEMIA IN PATIENTS HOSPITALIZED FOR HEART FAILURE

Zatajivanje srca razlog je sve većeg broja hospitalizacija te je jedan od vodećih uzroka smrti u svijetu, naročito zapadnim zemljama. Sideropenija sa ili bez anemije učestali je komorbiditet te potencijalna terapijska meta u bolesnika sa ZS. Nastojeći utvrditi međusobnu povezanost, u periodu od 1. rujna do 1. prosinca 2019. godine analizirali smo povijest bolesti 150 bolesnika hospitaliziranih zbog akutizacije ZS. Utvrđena je visoka prevalencija anemije i sideropenije među hospitaliziranim bolesnicima, a muškarci su, u oba slučaja više prevladavali. Također je učestalost apsolutne sideropenije, koja korelira sa težom kliničkom slikom, bila veća od funkcionalne sideropenije. Uspoređivanjem vrijednosti osnovnih kliničkih karakteristika i laboratorijskih parametara u bolesnika sa sideropenijom i bez sideropenije, hospitaliziranih zbog ZS, utvrdili smo signifikantno više vrijednosti frekvencije srca (p=0,016) i serumskoga kreatinina (p=0,046) u prvoj grupi. S druge strane, statistički značajno niže vrijednosti serumskoga željeza (p=0,045) i feritina (p<0,001) pogoršavali su već i ovako narušenu kvalitetu života bolesnika sa sideropenijom. Granično reducirana bubrežna funkcija sideropeničnih bolesnika, opravdavala je bubrežnu ozljedu kao važan komorbiditet u ZS (kardiorenalni sindrom). Uzimajući u obzir promijenjenu bubrežnu funkciju, bolesnici sa sideropenijom signifikantno su manje primali ACE-I (p=0,049). Ukupna smrtnost iznosila je 16,7% u bolesnika hospitaliziranih zbog ZS.Heart failure is the cause of an increasing number of hospitalizations and is one of the leading causes of death in the world, especially in Western countries. Iron deficiency, with or without anemia is a common comorbidity and a potential therapeutic target in patients with heart failure. In an effort to establish the interrelationship, in the period from September 1 to December 1, 2019, we analyzed the medical history of 150 patients hospitalized due to decompensated heart failure. A high prevalence of anemia and iron deficiency was found among hospitalized patients, and men were, in both cases, more prevalent. Also, the incidence of absolute iron deficiency, which correlates with a more severe clinical presentation, was higher than functional iron deficiency. By comparing the values of basic clinical characteristics and laboratory parameters in patients with and without iron deficiency, hospitalized for heart failure, we found significantly higher values of heart rate (p=0.016) and serum creatinine (p=0.046) in the first group. On the other hand, statistically significantly lower values of serum iron (p=0.045) and ferritin (p<0.001) worsened the already impaired quality of life of patients with iron deficiency. Reduced renal function in iron deficiency patients justified renal injury as an important comorbidity in heart failure (cardiorenal syndrome). Considering altered renal function, patients with iron deficiency received significantly less ACE-I (p=0.049). The overall mortality was 16.7% in patients hospitalized for heart failure

PREVALENCE OF SIDEROPENIA AND SIDEROPENIC ANEMIA IN PATIENTS HOSPITALIZED FOR HEART FAILURE

Zatajivanje srca razlog je sve većeg broja hospitalizacija te je jedan od vodećih uzroka smrti u svijetu, naročito zapadnim zemljama. Sideropenija sa ili bez anemije učestali je komorbiditet te potencijalna terapijska meta u bolesnika sa ZS. Nastojeći utvrditi međusobnu povezanost, u periodu od 1. rujna do 1. prosinca 2019. godine analizirali smo povijest bolesti 150 bolesnika hospitaliziranih zbog akutizacije ZS. Utvrđena je visoka prevalencija anemije i sideropenije među hospitaliziranim bolesnicima, a muškarci su, u oba slučaja više prevladavali. Također je učestalost apsolutne sideropenije, koja korelira sa težom kliničkom slikom, bila veća od funkcionalne sideropenije. Uspoređivanjem vrijednosti osnovnih kliničkih karakteristika i laboratorijskih parametara u bolesnika sa sideropenijom i bez sideropenije, hospitaliziranih zbog ZS, utvrdili smo signifikantno više vrijednosti frekvencije srca (p=0,016) i serumskoga kreatinina (p=0,046) u prvoj grupi. S druge strane, statistički značajno niže vrijednosti serumskoga željeza (p=0,045) i feritina (p<0,001) pogoršavali su već i ovako narušenu kvalitetu života bolesnika sa sideropenijom. Granično reducirana bubrežna funkcija sideropeničnih bolesnika, opravdavala je bubrežnu ozljedu kao važan komorbiditet u ZS (kardiorenalni sindrom). Uzimajući u obzir promijenjenu bubrežnu funkciju, bolesnici sa sideropenijom signifikantno su manje primali ACE-I (p=0,049). Ukupna smrtnost iznosila je 16,7% u bolesnika hospitaliziranih zbog ZS.Heart failure is the cause of an increasing number of hospitalizations and is one of the leading causes of death in the world, especially in Western countries. Iron deficiency, with or without anemia is a common comorbidity and a potential therapeutic target in patients with heart failure. In an effort to establish the interrelationship, in the period from September 1 to December 1, 2019, we analyzed the medical history of 150 patients hospitalized due to decompensated heart failure. A high prevalence of anemia and iron deficiency was found among hospitalized patients, and men were, in both cases, more prevalent. Also, the incidence of absolute iron deficiency, which correlates with a more severe clinical presentation, was higher than functional iron deficiency. By comparing the values of basic clinical characteristics and laboratory parameters in patients with and without iron deficiency, hospitalized for heart failure, we found significantly higher values of heart rate (p=0.016) and serum creatinine (p=0.046) in the first group. On the other hand, statistically significantly lower values of serum iron (p=0.045) and ferritin (p<0.001) worsened the already impaired quality of life of patients with iron deficiency. Reduced renal function in iron deficiency patients justified renal injury as an important comorbidity in heart failure (cardiorenal syndrome). Considering altered renal function, patients with iron deficiency received significantly less ACE-I (p=0.049). The overall mortality was 16.7% in patients hospitalized for heart failure

PREVALENCE OF SIDEROPENIA AND SIDEROPENIC ANEMIA IN PATIENTS HOSPITALIZED FOR HEART FAILURE

Zatajivanje srca razlog je sve većeg broja hospitalizacija te je jedan od vodećih uzroka smrti u svijetu, naročito zapadnim zemljama. Sideropenija sa ili bez anemije učestali je komorbiditet te potencijalna terapijska meta u bolesnika sa ZS. Nastojeći utvrditi međusobnu povezanost, u periodu od 1. rujna do 1. prosinca 2019. godine analizirali smo povijest bolesti 150 bolesnika hospitaliziranih zbog akutizacije ZS. Utvrđena je visoka prevalencija anemije i sideropenije među hospitaliziranim bolesnicima, a muškarci su, u oba slučaja više prevladavali. Također je učestalost apsolutne sideropenije, koja korelira sa težom kliničkom slikom, bila veća od funkcionalne sideropenije. Uspoređivanjem vrijednosti osnovnih kliničkih karakteristika i laboratorijskih parametara u bolesnika sa sideropenijom i bez sideropenije, hospitaliziranih zbog ZS, utvrdili smo signifikantno više vrijednosti frekvencije srca (p=0,016) i serumskoga kreatinina (p=0,046) u prvoj grupi. S druge strane, statistički značajno niže vrijednosti serumskoga željeza (p=0,045) i feritina (p<0,001) pogoršavali su već i ovako narušenu kvalitetu života bolesnika sa sideropenijom. Granično reducirana bubrežna funkcija sideropeničnih bolesnika, opravdavala je bubrežnu ozljedu kao važan komorbiditet u ZS (kardiorenalni sindrom). Uzimajući u obzir promijenjenu bubrežnu funkciju, bolesnici sa sideropenijom signifikantno su manje primali ACE-I (p=0,049). Ukupna smrtnost iznosila je 16,7% u bolesnika hospitaliziranih zbog ZS.Heart failure is the cause of an increasing number of hospitalizations and is one of the leading causes of death in the world, especially in Western countries. Iron deficiency, with or without anemia is a common comorbidity and a potential therapeutic target in patients with heart failure. In an effort to establish the interrelationship, in the period from September 1 to December 1, 2019, we analyzed the medical history of 150 patients hospitalized due to decompensated heart failure. A high prevalence of anemia and iron deficiency was found among hospitalized patients, and men were, in both cases, more prevalent. Also, the incidence of absolute iron deficiency, which correlates with a more severe clinical presentation, was higher than functional iron deficiency. By comparing the values of basic clinical characteristics and laboratory parameters in patients with and without iron deficiency, hospitalized for heart failure, we found significantly higher values of heart rate (p=0.016) and serum creatinine (p=0.046) in the first group. On the other hand, statistically significantly lower values of serum iron (p=0.045) and ferritin (p<0.001) worsened the already impaired quality of life of patients with iron deficiency. Reduced renal function in iron deficiency patients justified renal injury as an important comorbidity in heart failure (cardiorenal syndrome). Considering altered renal function, patients with iron deficiency received significantly less ACE-I (p=0.049). The overall mortality was 16.7% in patients hospitalized for heart failure

Agility Testing in Youth Football (Soccer) Players : Evaluating Reliability, Validity, and Correlates of Newly Developed Testing Protocols

Reactive agility (RAG) and change of direction speed (CODS) are important determinants of success in football (soccer), but there is an evident lack of information on reliable and valid football-specific testing procedures which will be applicable in defining sport-specific RAG and CODS in youth players. This study evaluated reliability and construct validity of newly developed tests of football-specific RAG (FS_RAG) and CODS (FS_CODS), which involved the ball kicking football technique. Additionally, factors associated with FS_RAG and FS_CODS were evaluated. The participants were youth football players (n = 59; age: 13.40 ± 1.25 years) divided according to their age into U13 (11–12 years of age; n = 29), and U15 (13–14 years of age; n = 30) categories. Additionally, performance levels (starters [first-team] vs. non-starters [substitutes]) were observed in each age category. The dependent variables were newly developed FS_RAG and FS_CODS tests. The independent variables were sprinting capacities over 10 and 20 meters (S10M, S20M), countermovement jump (CMJ), the reactive strength index (RSI), and a generic CODS test of 20 yards (20Y). The newly developed FS_CODS and FS_RAG were observed as dependent variables. Results showed appropriate intra-testing and inter-testing reliability of the FS_RAG and FS_CODS, with somewhat better reliability of the FS_CODS (ICC=0.82 and 0.79, respectively). Additionally, better reliability was evidenced in U15 than in U13 (ICC: 0.82–0.85, and 0.78-0.80 for U15 and U13, respectively). Independent samples t-test indicated significant differences between U13 and U15 in S10 (t-test: 3.57, p &lt; 0.001), S20M (t-test: 3.13, p &lt; 0.001), 20Y (t-test: 4.89, p &lt; 0.001), FS_RAG (t-test: 3.96, p &lt; 0.001), and FS_CODS (t-test: 6.42, p &lt; 0.001), with better performance in U15. Starters outperformed non-starters in most capacities among U13, but only in FS_RAG among U15 (t-test: 1.56, p &lt; 0.05). Multiple regression calculations indicated nonsignificant association between independent and dependent variables in U13 (FS_CODS: 19%, FS_RAG: 21% of the explained variance, both p &gt; 0.05), but independent variables explained significant proportion of both dependent variables in U15 (FS_CODS: 35%, FS_RAG: 33% explained variance, both p &lt; 0.05). The study confirmed the applicability of newly developed tests in distinguishing studied age categories of players. Results indicate that superiority in all studied fitness capacities is translated into performance level in U13. Meanwhile, FS_RAG seems to be important determinant of quality in U15

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and transient elastography

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a serious condition that can lead to fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. NAFLD is associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and all of its components. According to data, around 25-30% of population has NAFLD. Giving the growing incidence of MetS, obesity and diabetes mellitus type 2, NAFLD related terminal-stage liver disease is becoming prevailing indication for liver transplantation. In order to prevent terminal stage of this disease, it is crucial to determine those that are in risk group, to modify their risk factors and monitor their potential progression. In the absence of other causes of chronic liver disease, the prime diagnosis of NAFLD in daily clinical practice includes anamnesis, laboratory results (increased levels of aminotransferases and gammaglutamil transferases) and imaging methods. The biggest challenge with NAFLD patients is to differentiate simple steatosis from nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, and detection of fibrosis, that is the main driver in NAFLD progression. The gold standard for NAFLD diagnosis still remains the liver biopsy (LB). However, in recent years many noninvasive methods were invented, such as transient elastography (TE). TE (FibroScan®, Echosens, Paris, France) is used for diagnosis of pathological differences of liver stiffness measurement (LSM) and controlled attenuation parameter (CAP). Investigations in the last years have confirmed that elastographic parameters of steatsis (CAP) and fibrosis (LSM) are reliable biomarkers to non-invasively assess liver steatosis and fibrosis respectively in NAFLD patients. A quick, straightforward and non-invasive method for NAFLD screening in patients with MetS components is TE-CAP. Once diagnosed, the next step is to determine the presence of fibrosis by LSM which should point out high risk patients. Those patients should be referred to hepatologists. LB may be avoided in a substantial number of patients if TE with CAP is used for screening

Slagalica nasljeđa : priručnik za opismenjavanje iz medicinske genetike

"Slagalica nasljeđa" - priručnik za opismenjavanje iz medicinske genetike ima tri namjene. Prije svega, on je edukativna slikovnica za studente, liječnike i pacijente, ali i druge zainteresirane pojedince jer su u njoj kroz ilustracije objašnjene osnove genetike čovjeka, kao i osnove medicinske genetike. Od toga kako prepoznati osobu s genetičkim poremećajem, kako nastaju i koje vrste genetičkih poremećaja postoje pa sve do toga na koji ih način možemo dijagnosticirati. Nadalje, nakon svake ilustracije na pojedinoj stranici nalaze se definicije 79 pojmova iz medicinske genetike koje čine tezaurus za studente, liječnike i pacijente koji se na bilo koji način susreću s genetičkim poremećajima. Naposljetku, ova knjiga sadrži i primjere rečenica u koje su ubačeni stručni pojmovi iz medicinske genetike, a koji su namijenjeni studentima prilikom savladavanja komunikacijskih vještina na kolegiju Medicinska genetika, ali i liječnicima prilikom informiranja svojih pacijenata o (mogućem) genetičkom poremećaju. Uz kreatoricu ideje i urednicu izdanja, doc. dr. sc. Ninu Perezu, autori izdanja su studenti šeste godine Integriranog preddiplomskog i diplomskog sveučilišnog studija Medicina i prof. dr. sc. Saša Ostojić