Die Stellung der Frau in der christlichen Kirche

Die Stellung der Frau in der christlichen Kirche (The position of women in the Christian church

Stability investigation of thermally induced flow oscillations in cryogenic heat exchangers Final report

Analytic model of thermal flow oscillations in heat exchangers for supercritical fluid

Digestibility of Plants in Ruminal Fluids of Barren-Ground Caribou

The comparative digestibilities of plants and their rates of digestion in vitro were assessed by fermentation with ruminal fluids obtained from barren-ground caribou (Rangifer tarandus groenlandicus) shot on their winter range in the southern Northwest Territories. There was a near-linear increase in the in vitro, dry-matter disappearance (IVDMD) with fermentation time (30-120 h) for all eight lichen species that we tested. In contrast, IVDMD was essentially maximal after 60 h fermentation for 10 of 11 non-lichen species. The green leaves of Carex rostrata and Equisetum variegatum were the only species with IVDMDs higher than 50% after a 60-63 h fermentation period. The two species of mosses and a liverwort were poorly digested (15-27%). The addition of 63 mg of urea to each tube markedly increased the digestibilities of both species of lichens tested, and that of Vaccinium vitis-idaea, but it lowered the IVDMD of Salix and Betula stems and the green and cured parts of Carex rostrata. The IVDMDs of four lichen species collected on the Canadian Arctic Islands were higher than those of eight terricolous species obtained from the mainland winter range of R. t. groenlandicus.Key words: Rangifer, caribou, in vitro, digestibility, forages, lichens, rates, Canad

The Unusual Temporal and Spatial Slip History of the Wassuk Range Normal Fault, Western Nevada (USA): Implications for Seismic Hazard and Walker Lane Deformation

We document temporal and spatial variations in vertical displacement rate across 6 temporal orders of magnitude to better under stand how the 100-km-long, east-dipping Wassuk Range normal fault system has accommodated strain in the context of the Walker Lane, a tectonically active, NNWtrending zone of dextral and extensional deformation that affects significant portions of western Nevada and eastern California. We combine 10Be and 26Al cosmonuclide exposure ages with shallow seismic and gravity data from the buried hanging wall of the Wassuk fault to derive a post-113 ka (105 yr time scale) vertical displacement rate of 0.82 ± 0.16 mm/yr. We also perform largescale fault scarp analysis to constrain the long-term (\u3e1 Ma; 106 yr time scale) displacement rate. Our fault-scarp analysis results imply similar vertical displacement rates, with higher long-term vertical displacement rates along the southern fault (-1.1 mm/yr) relative to the northern fault (6, 105, 103, and 101 yr time scales (this study and others) support a constant vertical displacement rate between 0.75 and 1.0 mm/yr for the Wassuk Range fault since ca. 4 Ma. An anomalously high vertical displacement rate at the 104 yr time scale is best explained by an earthquake cluster between ca. 15.5 ka and ca. 10.5 ka, potentially linked to rapid filling of the Walker Lake basin immediately prior to the ca. 13 ka Sehoo highstand of ancestral Lake Lahontan. We hypothesize that this flood event induced seismicity by placing an additional load on the hanging wall of the Wassuk Range fault and by increasing the pore-fluid pressure within and adjacent to the fault. Although an earthquake cluster like this is consistent with Wallace-type fault behavior, we suggest that a nontectonic stressor induced the cluster, resulting in the apparent discrepancy in vertical displacement rate at the 104 yr time scale. Thus, we posit that the long-term slip along Wassuk fault is better explained by slip-predictable Reid-type behavior, which deviates from the behavior of other well-documented fault systems. Based on these results, we suggest that similar, unrecognized nontectonic stressors may influence rates of strain release along other major fault systems worldwide. Finally, we present a revised model of central Walker Lane kinematics, based on data from this and other recent studies

In Vitro Digestibilities of Plants Utilized by Barren-Ground Caribou

Rumen fluids of barren-ground caribou (Rangifer tarandus groenlandicus) were used with standard in vitro procedures in March 1981 to investigate the relative digestibilities of forages collected on caribou winter ranges in the southern Northwest Territories. In vitro dry matter disappearance (IVDMD) of the three most abundant arboreal lichens, when fermented in test tubes for 60 h, averaged 67% compared with 43% for the seven most common terricolous lichens. The DMD of leaves of the most common shrubs, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Empetrum nigrum, Arctostaphylos spp., and Ledum spp. averaged 46% (37-51%). Eight bryophyte species averaged 17% (7-28%) DMD. The DMD of species of three lichen genera with low protein contents, Cladina, Cladonia, and Cetraria, continued to increase with increasing fermentation periods up to 180 h. Nine species of lichens averaged 49% DMD when fermented for 60 h in test tubes, 64% when fermented in Erlenmeyer flasks, and 76% when 60 mg of urea was added to flasks. DMDs of 22 plant species were significantly higher in March 1981 than in similar tests conducted one year earlier. This annual variation in the digestive capacities of ruminal fluids was associated with the physical condition of the caribou and may have been related to their nutritional history.Key words: Canada, caribou, digestibilities, in vitro, lichens, nutrition, RangiferMots clés: Canada, caribou, digestibilité, in vitro, lichens, nutrition, Rangife

Migration Tales From a Small Consortium

According to Oracle\u27s white paper, Successful Data Migration, October 2011, up to 75% of new systems fail to meet expectations. That is quite a high number, and our small consortium felt this was true after we migrated to Ex Libris Alma/Primo VE in 2020! We often see librarians on Alma listservs asking for best practices, tips and tricks to manage data, or what metadata challenges to be aware of before migration. After working in our new system for two and a half years, we have insights based on our failures and successes. In this presentation, we will share warnings and common migration errors so you will not be part of the 75% dissatisfied customers. Be aware and not scared!        Background: We are a consortium of four institutions in Omaha, Lincoln, and Kearney, Nebraska, including a medical and a law library. We migrated to Ex Libris Alma/Primo VE on December 22, 2020, from Innovative Sierra and WMS. We were in silos. We managed our data separately for decades, and now our records are together. It has been a challenge, but we are better together

Development of advanced high temperature in-cylinder components and tribological systems for low heat rejection diesel engines, phase 1

Analysis and concept design work completed in Phase 1 have identified a low heat rejection engine configuration with the potential to meet the Heavy Duty Transport Technology program specific fuel consumption goal of 152 g/kW-hr. The proposed engine configuration incorporates low heat rejection, in-cylinder components designed for operation at 24 MPa peak cylinder pressure. Water cooling is eliminated by selective oil cooling of the components. A high temperature lubricant will be required due to increased in-cylinder operating temperatures. A two-stage turbocharger air system with intercooling and aftercooling was selected to meet engine boost and BMEP requirements. A turbocompound turbine stage is incorporated for exhaust energy recovery. The concept engine cost was estimated to be 43 percent higher compared to a Caterpillar 3176 engine. The higher initial engine cost is predicted to be offset by reduced operating costs due the lower fuel consumption

Comparison of effects of diet versus exercise weight loss regimens on LDL and HDL particle size in obese adults

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Obesity is associated with an atherogenic lipid profile characterized by a predominance of small LDL and HDL particles. Weight loss, by dietary restriction or exercise, increases LDL particle size. Whether these interventions can augment HDL size <it>in conjunction </it>with LDL size remains unknown.</p> <p>Objective</p> <p>This study compared the effects of alternate day fasting (ADF), calorie restriction (CR), and endurance exercise on LDL and HDL particle size in overweight and obese subjects.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>In a 12-week parallel-arm trial, adult subjects (n = 60) were randomized to 1 of 4 groups: 1) ADF (75% energy restriction for 24-h alternated with ad libitum feeding for 24-h), 2) CR (25% energy restriction every day), 3) exercise (moderate intensity training 3 x/week), or 4) control.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Body weight was reduced (<it>P </it>< 0.001) by ADF, CR, and exercise (5.2 ± 1.1%, 5.0 ± 1.4%, 5.1 ± 0.9%, respectively). Plasma LDL cholesterol decreased (<it>P </it>< 0.05) with ADF (10 ± 4%) and CR (8 ± 4%), whereas HDL cholesterol increased (<it>P </it>< 0.05) with exercise (16 ± 5%). Integrated LDL particle size was augmented (<it>P </it>= 0.01) by ADF and CR. The proportion of small LDL particles decreased (<it>P </it>= 0.04) with ADF only, and the proportion of large HDL particles increased (<it>P </it>= 0.03) with exercise only.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>These results indicate that dietary restriction increases LDL particle size, while endurance training augments HDL particle size, with minimal weight loss. None of these interventions concomitantly increased both LDL and HDL particle size, however.</p

Gamma-Ray Spectral States of Galactic Black Hole Candidates

OSSE has observed seven transient black hole candidates: GRO J0422+32, GX339-4, GRS 1716-249, GRS 1009-45, 4U 1543-47, GRO J1655-40, and GRS 1915+105. Two gamma-ray spectral states are evident and, based on a limited number of contemporaneous X-ray and gamma-ray observations, these states appear to be correlated with X-ray states. The former three objects show hard spectra below 100 keV (photon number indices Gamma < 2) that are exponentially cut off with folding energy ~100 keV, a spectral form that is consistent with thermal Comptonization. This "breaking gamma-ray state" is the high-energy extension of the X-ray low, hard state. In this state, the majority of the luminosity is above the X-ray band, carried by photons of energy ~100 keV. The latter four objects exhibit a "power-law gamma-ray state" with a relatively soft spectral index (Gamma ~ 2.5-3) and no evidence for a spectral break. For GRO J1655-40, the lower limit on the break energy is 690 keV. GRS 1716-249 exhibits both spectral states, with the power-law state having significantly lower gamma-ray luminosity. The power-law gamma-ray state is associated with the presence of a strong ultrasoft X-ray excess (kT ~ 1 keV), the signature of the X-ray high, soft (or perhaps very high) state. The physical process responsible for the unbroken power law is not well understood, although the spectra are consistent with bulk-motion Comptonization in the convergent accretion flow.Comment: 27 pages, 3 figures, uses aaspp.sty and psfig.st