Personal and criminological characteristics of female perpetrators of family homicide

Ubojstvo predstavlja jedno od najtežih kaznenih djela u svim kazneno-pravnim sustavima i kao takvo privlači veliku pažnju javnosti i znanstvenika koji pokušavaju pronaći uzroke koji dovode do počinjenja istoga. Ubojstva koja počine žene manje su istraživana i proučavana u odnosu na ona koja počine muškarci iz razloga što ona čine manji udio ukupnog kriminaliteta. Istraživanja pokazuju da žene rijetko čine nasilna kaznena djela te da su ubojstva koja počine žene posljedica dugogodišnjeg nasilja u obitelji. Temeljni cilj rada jest utvrditi osobna i kriminološka obilježja počiniteljica obiteljskih ubojstava pregledom relevantne strane i hrvatske literature te provođenjem istraživanja na uzorku zatvorenica u Kaznionici u Požegi koje su osuđene na kaznu zatvora zbog obiteljskih ubojstava. Specifičan cilj jest utvrditi postoje li razlike u osobnim i kriminološkim obilježjima počiniteljica s obzirom na to jesu li počinile kazneno djelo na štetu supružnika ili na štetu vlastite djece. U provedeno istraživanje uključene su sve počiniteljice ubojstava, teških ubojstava i ubojstava na mah osuđene prema Kaznenom zakonu Republike Hrvatske u razdoblju od 1980. do 2013. godine, a iz ukupnog uzorka izdvojene su 104 počiniteljice obiteljskih ubojstava koje su to djelo počinile na štetu intimnog partnera i djeteta, a čija će se obilježja analizirati. Rezultati pokazuju da se ličnost počiniteljica s obzirom na to jesu li počinile kazneno djelo na štetu supružnika ili na štetu vlastite djece razlikuju samo po psihopatskim crtama ličnosti koje su značajno statistički zastupljenije kod onih počiniteljica koje su djelo počinile na štetu djeteta. S obzirom na kriminološka obilježja počiniteljice se razlikuju prema načinu i mjestu izvršenja djela, osnovnom motivu djela, pokušaju suicida nakon djela, spolu i dobi žrtve, alkoholiziranosti žrtve i počinitelja tempore criminis te varijablu počinitelj izazvan od žrtve. Rezultati istraživanja mogu poslužiti kao osnova planiranja programa za prevenciju fatalnog obiteljskog nasilja počinjenog od strane žena kao i za utvrđivanje daljnjih specifičnosti u odnosu na tip žrtve te za daljnje znanstveno istraživačke radove kojima bi se utvrdilo vrijede li ove spoznaje za cijelu populaciju počiniteljica kaznenih djela.Murder is one of the most severe felonies and as such attracts great attention from the public and from scientists trying to find the causes leading to it. Murders committed by women are less researched and studied compared to those committed by men because they form a smaller part of the total criminality. Research has shown that women are less likely to commit violent crimes and that murders committed by women tend to be consequences of long-term domestic violence. The main goal of this thesis is to establish the personal and criminological characteristics of women who have committed family murders by examining relevant foreign and Croatian literature and by conducting research on a sample of female prisoners at Požega Penitentiary who have been sentenced for family murder. The specific goal is to establish whether there are differences in the personal and criminological characteristics of the perpetrators depending on whether the felony was committed at the expense of their husbands or their children. The research conducted includes all women convicted of murder, higher-degree murder and manslaughter as per the criminal law of the Republic of Croatia from 1980 to 2013, and 104 female perpetrators of family murder from the total sample were chosen for further analysis of characteristics. The results show that the personality characteristics of the perpetrators whose victims were their husbands differ from that of the perpetrators whose victims were their children only in psychopathic personality characteristics, which were statistically more present among perpetrators of the latter kind. Criminological characteristics of the perpetrators differ in regard to method and location of the criminal offense, main motive of the offense, attempt of suicide after the offense, gender and age of the victim, intoxication of the victim and perpetrator at the time of the offense, and whether the actions of the perpretator were triggered by the victim. The results of the study can serve as a basis for planning a program for preventing fatal domestic violence committed by women, for further establishing common characteristics with respect to the type of victim, and for further scientific research which would establish whether these conclusions hold true for the whole population of female perpetrators

The effect of trimming on the basic indicators of tramine cultivar

Za potrebe ovog diplomskog rada proveden je pokus na pokušalištu Mandićevac, vinogorje Đakovo. Za pokus smo odabrali 6 redova sorte traminac mirisavi, pri čemu su 3 reda ovršikana , a 3 reda su ostavljena neovršikana. Vršikanje smo obavili 2 puta, prvi puta krajem 6. mjeseca , a drugi puta početkom 8. mjeseca. Nakon toga je uslijedila berba 2. rujna. Kao uzorak uzeli smo 10 uzoraka iz ovršikanih redova i 10 uzoraka iz neovršikanih redova. Napravljena je analiza svakog uzorka. Na temelju analize je utvrđeno kako vršikanje nema utjecaj na ukupnu kiselost, šećere i pH.For the purpose of thist heises work we made an experiment on the experimental yard Mandićevac near Đakovo winegroving district. The experiment was conducted in 6 selected rows of the 'Gewurztraminer'. We made trimming on 3 rows and the other 3 rows we left without trimming. We made trimming 2 times, the first time at the end of the 6th month and the second time at the beginning of the 8thmonth. After that we took samples for analysis. As a sample we took 10 samples from the rowes we were trimming and 10 samples from the rowes wedidn't trimming. We analyzed eech sample individually. Based on analysis we can conclud that trimming doesn't have effect on the overall acidity, sugars and pH

ČIMBENICI STRESA MEDICINSKIH SESTARA U COVID ODJELIMA

Objective: To define the stressors that cause the highest level of stress in nurses / technicians in COVID intensive care units (ICU) and regular COVID departments and to compare stressors between these two departments. Methods: For the purposes of the research, a validated questionnaire on stressors at the workplace of hospital health workers was used. The questionnaires were distributed to 194 nurses/technicians, working in the COVID departments. The questionnaire consists of 3 parts; the first part contains demographic data of the respondents, the second part of the questionnaire consists of 34 questions that describe certain stress factors and are answers are offered on a Likert - type scale and the last part of the questionnaire consists of 3 open-ended questions to which respondents can add stressors to which they are exposed, which were not previously mentioned. Results: Differences were found in the level of education regarding the length of work with COVID patients, nurses / technicians with a higher level of education worked longer in the COVID department (p=0.043). No differences were found in the level of stress between nurses/technicians working in the COVID department compared to the COVID ICU (p=0.181). Among the factors that caused the highest level of stress are: work overload, inadequate personal income, insufficient number of employees and everyday unpredictable and unplanned situations. Conclusion: Our results indicate that there is no difference in the level of stress between nurses working in the COVID departments compared to nurses working in the COVID ICU. Due to the high prevalence of stress among nurses who work with COVID patients, it is necessary to monitor the symptoms of burnout and provide support in the workplace. According to the results of our research, there is a need to optimize working conditions and invest efforts in order to reduce the workload.Cilj: Definirati stresore koji na radnom mjestu u COVID jedinicama intenzivne skrbi i COVID odjelima uzrokuju najvišu razinu stresa kod medicinskih sestara/tehničara i usporediti stresore između navedenih odjela. Metode: Za potrebe istraživanja korišten je validiran upitnik o stresorima na radnom mjestu bolničkih zdravstvenih djelatnika. Upitnici su podijeljeni na 194 medicinske sestre / tehničare koji rade na COVID odjelima. Upitnik se sastoji od 3 dijela; u prvom dijelu su demografski podaci ispitanika, drugi dio upitnika sastoji se od 34 pitanja koja opisuju pojedine čimbenike stresa te su ponuđeni odgovori na skali Likertovog tipa i zadnji dio upitnika sastoji se od 3 pitanja otvorenog tipa na koje ispitanici mogu nadopisati stresore kojima su izloženi, a koji nisu prethodno spomenuti. Rezultati: Utvrđene su razlike u razini obrazovanja obzirom na duljinu rada s COVID bolesnicima, u COVID odjelu su duže radile medicinske sestre/tehničari više razine obrazovanja, P=0.043. Nisu utvrđene razlike u jačini stresa između medicinskih sestara/tehničara koje rade u COVID odjelu u odnosu u COVID JIL, P=0.181. Među čimbenicima koji uzrokuju najvišu razinu stresa su: preopterećenost poslom, neadekvatna osobna primanja, nedostatan broj djelatnika i svakodnevne nepredvidive i neplanirane situacije. Zaključak: Naši rezultati pokazuju da nema razlike u razini stresa između sestara koje rade u COVID odjelima u usporedbi s medicinskim sestrama koje rade u COVID JIL-u. Zbog visoke prevalencije stresa među medicinskim sestrama koje rade s COVID bolesnicima potrebno je pratiti simptome sagorijevanja i pružiti podršku na radnom mjestu. Prema rezultatima našeg istraživanja, postoji potreba za optimizacijom radnih uvjeta i ulaganjem napora u cilju smanjenja radnog opterećenja

PRIKAZ KONFERENCIJE: Važnost i izazovi provedbe programa prevencije seksualnog nasilja u školama

PRIKAZ KONFERENCIJE: Važnost i izazovi provedbe programa prevencije seksualnog nasilja u školam

Using Knowledge of the Polyphenolic Profile of Croatian Wines for Marketing Purposes

Umjerena i redovita konzumacija vina povezana je s brojnim blagotvornim učincima vina na zdravlje čovjeka. Ti učinci su povezani s polifenolnim supstancijama iz vina koje imaju najsnažniji utjecaj na bolesti srca i krvnih žila. Polifenolne sastavnice vina su također zaslužne za antikancerogeno, neuroprotektivno i antidijabetičko djelovanje. Na temelju toga vino se, posebice crno, može smatrati funkcionalnom hranom koja ima i dokazano farmakološko djelovanje. Hrvatska obiluje vinorodnim područjima i kvalitetnim vinima, ali su te činjenice slabo iskorištene u marketinške svrhe. Crna vina iz Srednje i Južne Dalmacije imaju najveći sadržaj polifenola, što se pripisuje povoljnijim klimatskim uvjetima koji uvelike utječu na formiranje tih tvari u grožđu tijekom zriobe. Međutim, neka vina iz kontinentalne Hrvatske svojom kvalitetom ne zaostaju za dalmatinskim vinima. Naša se vina moraju istaknuti iz mase stranih, uvoznih vina koja su mahom jeftinija, ali ne nužno i slabije kvalitete od hrvatskih te privući kupca i u našoj zemlji, a posebice u inozemstvu. Navedene činjenice treba maksimalno iskoristiti u strategiji prodaje, distribucije, promocije i marketinga hrvatskih vina.Regular moderate wine consumption has been associated with numerous health benefits. These effects are associated with polyphenolic compounds found in wine that have the strongest influence on cardiovascular diseases. Polyphenols also exhibit anti-cancerogenic, neuroprotective, and anti-diabetic effects. Hence, wine, and especially red wine, may be considered as functional food with confirmed pharmacological effects. Croatia abounds with vineyards and high-quality wine, but these facts are insufficiently used in marketing. Red wine sorts from Central and South Dalmatia have the highest polyphenolic content that is attributed to favourable climatic conditions, which greatly determine the formation of these compounds during the ripening of grapes. Several wine sorts from continental Croatia, owing to their quality, are, however, not at all inferior to Dalmatian wine. Hence, our wine should be propounded from the bulk of cheap and lower-quality imported wine, as well as attract customers both at home and abroad. Given facts should be maximally used in the strategy of the selling, distribution, promotion and marketing of Croatian wine

Emergencija tulara (Trichoptera, Insecta) na sedrenim barijerama u Nacionalnom Parku Plitvička jezera

Caddisflies were collected in the Plitvice Lakes NP during 2008 using emergence traps at 3 locations at tufa barriers. A total of 2217 specimens, belonging to 44 species, 27 genera and 12 families were recorded during this study. Six species, Hydroptila cognata, Hydroptila occulta, Ecnomus tenellus, Potamophylax luctuosus, Beraeodes minutus and Ceraclea annulicornis are new to the caddisfly fauna of the Plitvice Lakes NP. The highest number of species and individuals were collected at Labudovac barrier and diversity was highest at Labudovac and Novakovića Brod barriers. Emergence peaks for the majority of species at tufa barriers were recorded in the summer. The longest emergence period of seven months was recorded for Rhyacophila dorsalis plitvicensis and Wormaldia subnigra. Emergence patterns of the most abundant species are in accordance with results of previous studies in the Plitvice Lakes NP. However, discrepancies in emergence patterns compared to their typical emergence patterns could be linked with the specific composition of caddisfly communities at tufa barriers.Tulari su prikupljani tijekom 2008. godine pomoću emergencijskih klopki, na 3 lokacije na sedrenim barijerama u NP Plitvička jezera. Ukupno je prikupljeno 2217 jedinki te su zabilježene 44 vrste iz 27 rodova i 12 porodica. Šest vrsta, Hydroptila cognata, Hydroptila occulta, Ecnomus tenellus, Potamophylax luctuosus, Beraeodes minutus i Ceraclea annulicornis nove su u fauni NP Plitvičkih jezera. Najveći broj vrsta i jedinki prikupljen je na postaji na barijeri Labudovac, a najveća raznolikost zabilježena je na postajama na barijerama Labudovac i Novakovića Brod. Najveća emergencija na sedrenim barijerama zabilježena je u ljetnom razdoblju. Najduži period emergencije u trajanju od sedam mjeseci zabilježen je za svojte Rhyacophila dorsalis plitvicensis i Wormaldia subnigra. Emergencijske značajke većine vrsta u skladu su s prethodnim rezultatima istraživanja na području NP Plitvička jezera. Međutim, opažene su određene razlike u odnosu na njihove tipične emergencijske značajke, što bi moglo biti povezano sa specifičnim sastavom zajednica tulara sedrenih barijera

Influence of an enriched environment on aggressive behaviour in beef cattle

Obogaćenje okoliša odnosi se na preinaku okoliša životinja kako bi se poboljšalo biološko funkcioniranje, povećavajući im obim izražavanja vrsno specifičnog i umanjujući pojavu vrsno nespecifičnog ponašanja. Cilj je rada bio istražiti utječe li obogaćenje okoliša junadi u tovu na pojavu agresivnog ponašanja. Istraživanje je provedeno na dvjema skupinama junica (n=19 svaka) tijekom završnog tova, u trajanju od 16 tjedana. Kontrolna skupina junica držana je u uobičajenim proizvodnim uvjetima, u poluotvorenoj staji, na nasteljenom podu, a pokusnoj skupini okoliš je dodatno bio obogaćen mehaničkom četkom za njegu i blokovima soli. Izražavanje agresivnog ponašanja istraživano je izravnim promatranjem junica tijekom 1 sata, jednom tjednom. Istraživani su sljedeći oblici ponašanja: udaranje glavom, tjeranje druge jedinke da se pomakne s mjesta na kojem stoji, naganjanje, borba i tjeranje druge jedinke da se podigne s mjesta na kojem leži. Rezultati istraživanja pokazali su da su tjeranje druge jedinke da se pomakne s mjesta na kojem stoji i naganjanje bili najučestaliji oblici agresivnog ponašanja u obje skupine. Između skupina nisu utvrđene značajne razlike u učestalosti izražavanja pojedinih oblika agresivnog ponašanja, osim za naganjanje (p=0,003). Međutim, sagledavajući ukupnu učestalost svih istraživanih oblika ponašanja, junice pokusne skupine značajno su manje (p=0,001) izražavale agresiju. Zaključno, obogaćeni okoliš smanjio je pojavu agresivnog ponašanja junadi u tovu.Environmental enrichment refers to the modification of the animal environment to improve biological functioning, by increasing the repertoire of species-specific behaviours and decreasing the occurrence of abnormal behaviours. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of environmental enrichment on the occurrence of aggressive behaviour in beef cattle. The study included two groups of heifers (n=19 each) during the final fattening period of 16 weeks. The control group was housed in standard production conditions, in a half-open stable, on bedded floor, while the environment of the experimental group of heifers was additionally enriched with a mechanical grooming brush and salt blocks. Aggressive behaviour was investigated by direct observation of heifers, over one hour, once a week. The following forms of behaviour were investigated: head but, displacement, chasing, fighting and chasing-up. The study results showed displacement and chasing to be the most frequent forms of aggressive behaviour in both groups of heifers. There were no significant differences in the frequency of displaying particular forms of aggressive behaviour between the groups, except for chasing (p=0.003). Yet, considering the total frequency of all behaviour forms observed, experimental heifers displayed significantly less aggression (p=0.001). In conclusion, an enriched environment reduced the occurrence of aggressive behaviour in beef cattle

Distribution and ecology of the predatory katydid Saga pedo (Pallas, 1771) in Croatia with the first record in the continental region

Until now, Saga pedo (Pallas, 1771) was known to occur in Croatia only in the Mediterranean biogeographical region and on the southern slopes of the Dinaric Alps in the Alpine region. Here we give the first record of the species\u27 presence deep inside what is officially called the Alpine region and in the Peripannonian area in the Continental region of the country. Along with all known specimens and observation records, our results represent the updated distribution of S. pedo in Croatia. Some notes on ecology, field observations, and discussion about habitat preferences are also given

Clinical significance of TP53 aberrations and IGHV mutational status in chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Hronična limfocitna leukemija (HLL) izuzetno je heterogena bolest varijabilnog kliničkog toka. S jedne strane imamo, pacijente sa agresivnom i rezistentnom bolešću od koje umiru svega par meseci nakon dijagnoze, dok s druge strane spektra postoje pacijenti sa indolentnom, sporo progredirajućom bolešću koja ne zahteva lečenje decenijama. Razlozi su samo delimično poznati i već su decenijama unazad tema mnogobrojnih naučnih istraživanja. Tako je razvijen koncept prognostičkih i prediktivnih faktora u HLL-u, koji imaju za cilj da predvide klinički tok, odnosno terapijski ishod HLL-a. Liste prognostičkih i prediktivnih faktora su, sa boljim poznavanjem patofiziologije ove bolesti, svakom godinom sve duže, ali se i međusobno preklapaju. U ovom revijalnom radu izabrali smo aberacije TP53 gena i mutacioni status rearanžiranih IGHV (engl. immunoglobulin heavy variable) gena kao dva najznačajnija i najproučavanija faktora koji imaju i prognostički i prediktivni značaj.Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a very heterogeneous disease with a variable clinical course. On the one side of the spectrum, there are patients with aggressive and resistant disease, of which they die only a few months after diagnosis while, on the other side, there are patients with an indolent, slowly progressive disease that does not require treatment for decades. The reasons for this are only partially known, but they have been the subject of numerous scientific studies during the last several decades. Consequently, the concept of prognostic and predictive factors in CLL have emerged, which aims to predict the clinical course and its therapeutic outcome. With the improvement of understanding the pathophysiology of this disease, the lists of prognostic and predictive factors are getting longer every year, but they also overlap. In this review, we singled out the aberrations of the TP53 gene and the IGHV (immunoglobulin heavy variable) gene mutational status as the two most important and most studied factors that have both prognostic and predictive significance

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Melanoma Diagnosis: Increased Breslow Thickness in Primary Melanomas: A Single Center Experience

Early melanoma diagnosis plays a key role in ensuring best prognosis with good survival rates. The ongoing global COVID-19 pandemic has greatly impacted global and national healthcare systems, thus making it a real challenge. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the pandemic on diagnostic delay in melanoma patients in Serbia. In this retrospective study, we included patients treated at the university hospital in Serbia’s capitol over a period of five years and three months. We compared the prepandemic (01/JAN/17-14/MAR/20) and pandemic periods (15/MAR/20-31/MAR/22) by evaluating patient demographic data, melanoma subtype, Breslow thickness, Clark level, ulceration status, mitotic index rate and pT staging. We observed a significant reduction in the number of diagnosed patients (86.3 vs. 13.7%; p = 0.036), with melanomas having an increased median Breslow thickness (1.80 vs. 3.00; p = 0.010), a higher percentage of Clark IV–V level lesions (44.0% vs. 63.0%; p = 0.009), an increase in median mitotic index rate (2 vs. 5; p < 0.001) and a trend of increase in lesions thicker than 2 mm (37.8% vs. 53.7%; p = 0.026). We believe that this study can be a useful scenario guide for future similar events, highlighting the importance of preventive measures and timely diagnosis for the best patient outcomes