Kollektiv Akademisk Vejledning - en introduktion

Kollektiv Akademisk Vejledning (KAV) er en forskningsbaseret kollektiv arbejdsform, som giver de studerende erfaringer med at diskutere faglige spørgsmål i et kollektivt forum. I KAV mødes studerende, som skriver på forskellige opgaver. I vejledningen bruges forskelligheden som drivkraft i vejledningen. Med akademisk understreges vejledning som central læringsaktivitet i udviklingen den akademiske kompetence, det er at give og modtage kritik i vejledningen. Introduktions første del beskriver det teoretiske og metodiske grundlag, som vejledningen bygger på. Her uddybes de udfordringer, som en kollektiv vejledningsform rummer for både studerende og vejledere, og den kommer med bud på, hvordan disse håndteres. Anden del består af et inspirationskatalog med en række konkrete øvelser, som vejlederen kan anvende i vejledningen

Physical Activity to Improve Erectile Function:A Systematic Review of Intervention Studies

Abstract Introduction The leading cause of erectile dysfunction (ED) is arterial dysfunction, with cardiovascular disease as the most common comorbidity. Therefore, ED is typically linked to a web of closely interrelated cardiovascular risk factors such as physical inactivity, obesity, hypertension, and metabolic syndrome. Physical activity (PA) has proved to be a protective factor against erectile problems, and it has been shown to improve erectile function for men affected by vascular ED. This systematic review estimated the levels of PA needed to decrease ED for men with physical inactivity, obesity, hypertension, metabolic syndrome, and/or manifest cardiovascular diseases. Aim To provide recommendations of levels of PA needed to decrease ED for men with physical inactivity, obesity, hypertension, metabolic syndrome, and/or cardiovascular diseases. Methods In accord with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, a systematic review was performed of research articles specifically investigating PA as a possible treatment of ED. The review included research on ED from physical inactivity, obesity, hypertension, metabolic syndrome, and/or cardiovascular diseases. All available studies from 2006 through 2016 were checked for the predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria to analyze the levels of PA needed to decrease ED. Results 10 articles met the inclusion criteria, all suggesting various levels of PA needed to decrease ED for men with relevant risk factors for ED. The results of the review provided sufficient research evidence for conclusions regarding the levels of PA necessary to decrease ED. Conclusion Recommendations of PA to decrease ED should include supervised training consisting of 40 minutes of aerobic exercise of moderate to vigorous intensity 4 times per week. Overall, weekly exercise of 160 minutes for 6 months contributes to decreasing erectile problems in men with ED caused by physical inactivity, obesity, hypertension, metabolic syndrome, and/or cardiovascular diseases. </jats:sec

Communication about physical activity to reduce vascular erectile dysfunction – A qualitative interview study among men in cardiac rehabilitation

This is an open access article under the terms of the Creat ive Commo ns Attri butio n- NonCo mmerc ial- NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non- commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Nordic College of Caring ScienceBackground Physical activity, a core intervention in cardiac rehabilitation, can reduce vascular erectile dysfunction (ED). ED is a common sensitive problem for men with cardiac diseases, decreasing their quality of life. Cardiac health professionals rarely provide information about ED or its relation to physical activity. Developing health professionals’ communicative component of the complex intervention ‘Physical Activity to reduce Vascular Erectile Dysfunction’ (PAVED) is important. Understanding the receiver needs is essential in designing a complex intervention. Aim To elucidate men's perspectives on cardiac health professionals’ communication about PAVED. Ethical issues An Institutional Data Protection Agency approved the study. Methods An interpretive data-driven thematic analysis was applied to individual, qualitative semi-structured interviews with 20 Danish men attending cardiac rehabilitation. Results The men wanted health professionals’ communicating about ED, as it was perceived as a major problem diminishing masculinity and tabooed by health professionals. Men wanted help for self-help, which may be possible with the aid of competent health professionals’ communication about how to prevent, reduce and cope with ED - including information about PAVED. The men wanted health professionals’ communication about ED in various contexts: general information in groups, sexual counselling for individuals and couples and written material. Study limitations Recruitment was done from a Danish municipality's cardiac rehabilitation, and the transferability of the results may be limited to similar contexts. Conclusion Erectile dysfunction was experienced as a major biopsychosocial problem for the men and their partners. The men had a need for health professionals’ communication about sexuality, ED and information about PAVED as well as about prevention, reduction and management of ED. The men had a need for professional communication about sexual health.publishedVersio

Danish Health Professional Students' Attitudes Toward Addressing Sexual Health:A Cross-Sectional Survey

This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).Introduction Danish health professional (HP) students' attitudes toward addressing sexual health are unknown. Aim To investigate Danish HP students' attitudes toward addressing sexual health in their future professions, and to assess differences in perceived competences and preparedness between professional programs. Methods A Danish national survey of nursing, occupational therapy, and physiotherapy students was conducted. Totally, 1,212 students were invited to respond to an online questionnaire “The Students' Attitudes toward Addressing Sexual Health.” Main Outcome Measure The main outcome measures investigated were Danish HP students' attitudes toward addressing sexual health in their future professions, and differences in perceived competences and preparedness depending on the professional program. Results A total of 584 students (48%; nursing 44%, occupational therapy 70%, physiotherapy 43%) responded. Mean total score ranged between 63.7 and 66.3 (±8.3–8.8) classifying students in the low-end of the class: “comfortable and prepared in some situations.” No clinically relevant differences were determined between the professional programs with respect to perceived competences and preparedness to address sexual health. Conclusion In the field of addressing sexual health, most Danish HP students reported positive attitudes and a need for basic knowledge, competences, communication training, and education.publishedVersio

Socioeconomic status and risk of incident venous thromboembolism

Background: Although venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, and socioeconomic status (SES) affects human health and health behavior, few studies have examined the association between SES and VTE. Objectives: We aimed to investigate the association between SES, assessed individually and in a composite score by levels of education, income, and employment status, and incident VTE. Methods: We used Danish national registries to identify 51 350 persons aged 25– 65 years with incident VTE during 1995–2016. For each case, we used incidence density sampling to select five age-, sex-, and index-year-matched controls from the general Danish population (n = 256 750). SES indicators, including education, income, and employment status, were assessed 1 and 5 years before the VTE. We used conditional logistic regression to compute odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for VTE according to individual SES indicators and a composite SES score in analyses adjusted for age, sex, and comorbidities. Results: Compared with low levels, high educational level (OR 0.74; 95% CI 0.71– 0.77), high income (OR 0.70; 95% CI 0.68–0.72), and high employment status (OR 0.66; 95% CI 0.64–0.68) were associated with decreased risk of VTE, even after adjusting for comorbidities. A composite SES score was superior to the individual indicators in assessing VTE risk (OR for high vs. low score: 0.61; 95% CI 0.59–0.63). In sensitivity analysis with SES indicators measured 5 years before the VTE, the risk estimates remained essentially the same. Conclusion: High levels of both individual SES indicators and a composite SES score were associated with decreased VTE risk