HUBUNGAN ANTARA MOTIVASI KERJA DENGAN PRESTASI KERJA KARYAWAN BAGIAN KONTRAK SERVIS PT. TRUBA JAYA ENGINEERING KECAMATAN MANDAU DURI

Motivasi kerja merupakan seperangkat pendorong yang berasal dari dalam dan luar diri individu untuk berperilaku kerja yang didasarkan pada tujuan tertentu guna memenuhi kebutuhan individual maupun organisasi (perusahaan). Tujuan tersebut dapat terwujud melalui adanya perasaan sadar, senang dan bergairah dalam bekerja, mendapatkan kepuasan, mampu mengembangkan tugas dan dirinya, serta selalu meningkatkan prestasi dengan adanya usaha untuk memperoleh hasil yang maksimal. Beberapa hal tersebut akan menciptakan sebuah prestasi kerja yang merupakan pencapaian hasil kerja individu, baik secara kuantitas maupun kualitas, yang ditampilkan sebagai pengembangan dan peningkatan terhadap kemampuan teknis, konseptual dan hubungan interpersonal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah ada hubungan antara motivasi kerja dengan prestasi kerja karyawan bagian kontrak servis PT. Truba Jaya Engineering Kecamatan Mandau Duri. Subjek yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah 512 karyawan dan diambil sebagai sampel sebanyak 128 karyawan. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah simple random sampling. Penelitian ini menggunakan skala motivasi kerja yang terdiri dari 34 aitem dan skala prestasi kerja yang terdiri dari 33 aitem dengan pernyataan favourabel dan unfavourabel. Hasil penelitian kemudian diolah dengan menggunakan teknik korelasi product moment dari Pearson, sehingga diperoleh validitas. Untuk reliabilitas digunakan rumus Alpha. Validitas variabel motivasi kerja berkisar antara 0,3042-0,6973 dengan koefisien reliabilitas sebesar 0,9003. Sedangkan validitas variabel prestasi kerja berkisar antara 0,3226-0,7650 dengan koefisien reliabilitas 0,9076. Data penelitian selanjutnya dianalisis dengan bantuan komputer menggunakan program SPSS 11.0 for windows. Hasil analisis korelasi product moment menunjukkan koefisien korelasi sebesar 0,475 dengan taraf signifikansi 0,01 (1 %). Hipotesis yang diajukan dalam penelitian ini diterima. Hal ini berarti, terdapat hubungan positif antara motivasi kerja dengan prestasi kerja karyawan. Kata Kunci : Motivasi Kerja, Prestasi Kerj

Gene therapy for pain: Results of a phase I clinical trial

Objective: Preclinical evidence indicates that gene transfer to the dorsal root ganglion using replication‐defective herpes simplex virus (HSV)‐based vectors can reduce pain‐related behavior in animal models of pain. This clinical trial was carried out to assess the safety and explore the potential efficacy of this approach in humans. Methods: We conducted a multicenter, dose‐escalation, phase I clinical trial of NP2, a replication‐defective HSV‐based vector expressing human preproenkephalin ( PENK ) in subjects with intractable focal pain caused by cancer. NP2 was injected intradermally into the dermatome(s) corresponding to the radicular distribution of pain. The primary outcome was safety. As secondary measures, efficacy of pain relief was assessed using a numeric rating scale (NRS), the Short Form McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF‐MPQ), and concurrent opiate usage. Results: Ten subjects with moderate to severe intractable pain despite treatment with >200mg/day of morphine (or equivalent) were enrolled into the study. Treatment was well tolerated with no study agent‐related serious adverse events observed at any point in the study. Subjects receiving the low dose of NP2 reported no substantive change in pain. Subjects in the middle‐ and high‐dose cohorts reported pain relief as assessed by NRS and SF‐MPQ. Interpretation: Treatment of intractable pain with NP2 was well tolerated. There were no placebo controls in this relatively small study, but the dose‐responsive analgesic effects suggest that NP2 may be effective in reducing pain and warrants further clinical investigation. ANN NEUROL 2011Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/86983/1/22446_ftp.pd

Herpes Virus Amplicon Vectors

Since its emergence onto the gene therapy scene nearly 25 years ago, the replication-defective Herpes Simplex Virus Type-1 (HSV-1) amplicon has gained significance as a versatile gene transfer platform due to its extensive transgene capacity, widespread cellular tropism, minimal immunogenicity, and its amenability to genetic manipulation. Herein, we detail the recent advances made with respect to the design of the HSV amplicon, its numerous in vitro and in vivo applications, and the current impediments this virus-based gene transfer platform faces as it navigates a challenging path towards future clinical testing

Induction of humoral responses to BHV-1 glycoprotein D expressed by HSV-1 amplicon vectors

Herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) amplicon vectors are versatile and useful tools for transferring genes into cells that are capable of stimulating a specific immune response to their expressed antigens. In this work, two HSV-1-derived amplicon vectors were generated. One of these expressed the full-length glycoprotein D (gD) of bovine herpesvirus 1 while the second expressed the truncated form of gD (gDtr) which lacked the trans-membrane region. After evaluating gD expression in the infected cells, the ability of both vectors to induce a specific gD immune response was tested in BALB/c mice that were intramuscularly immunized. Specific serum antibody responses were detected in mice inoculated with both vectors, and the response against truncated gD was higher than the response against full-length gD. These results reinforce previous findings that HSV-1 amplicon vectors can potentially deliver antigens to animals and highlight the prospective use of these vectors for treating infectious bovine rhinotracheitis disease

Pathology Case Study: Left Chest Mass

This soft tissue pathology case, provided by the University of Pittsburgh Department of Pathology, illustrates the process of diagnosing the cause of a patientâs chest and back pain. A chest X-ray and CT scan revealed a chest mass. A biopsy of the mass was performed. Microscopic images of the biopsy are included in the case study along with a gross description and image of the specimen. The official final diagnosis is accompanied by a discussion of the contributing doctorâs findings and a list of references. This is an excellent resource for students in the health sciences to familiarize themselves with the diagnostic process and techniques

Development of Replication-Defective Herpes Simplex Virus Vectors

Numerous diseases of the nervous system result from single gene or multifactorial gene defects such as cancer, immune pathological disorders, metabolic diseases, and common neurodegenerative syndromes (Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s diseases). A greater understanding of the molecular, biochemical, and genetic factors involved in the progression of a specific disease state has led to the development of genetic therapies using direct gene transfer to ameliorate the disease condition or correct a genetic defect in situ. Standard gene therapeutic approaches employing retroviruses have not proven feasible for treating disorders of the central nervous system (CNS) since these vectors require dividing cells for integration and expression of the transgene, whereas CNS neurons are postmitotic, terminally differentiated cells. Thus, methods for delivery and expression of therapeutic gene products to treat CNS disease will require new delivery strategies and vehicles including the development of novel vectors for direct gene transfer. These vectors should: efficiently deliver the therapeutic gene(s) to a sufficient number of nondividing neurons; persist long-term in a nonintegrated state within the nerve cell nucleus without disturbing host cell functions; and be able to regulate therapeutic gene expression for diseases that may either require high-level transient transgene expression or continuous low level synthesis of the therapeutic product

Herpes simplex virus-based nerve targeting gene therapy in pain management

James R Goss, David Krisky, James Wechuck, Darren WolfePeriphaGen Inc, Pittsburgh, PA, USAAbstract: Chronic pain represents a major medical burden not only in terms of suffering but also in terms of economic costs. Traditional medical approaches have so far proven insufficient in treating chronic pain and new approaches are necessary. Gene therapy with herpes simplex virus (HSV)-based vectors offers the ability to directly target specific regions of the neuraxis involved in pain transmission including the primary afferent nociceptor. This opens up new targets to interact with that are either not available to traditional systemic drugs or cannot be adequately acted upon without substantial adverse off-target effects. Having access to the entire neuron, which HSV-based vector gene therapy enables, expands treatment options beyond merely treating symptoms and allows for altering the basic biology of the nerve. In this paper, we discuss several HSV-based gene therapy vectors that our group and others have used to target specific neuronal functions involved in the processing of nociception in order to develop new therapies for the treatment of chronic pain.Keywords: pain, gene therapy, herpes simplex virus, opioids, voltage-gated sodium channels, inhibitory neurotransmitter

Frequency and metrics of square-wave jerks: influences of task demand characteristics. Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual

PURPOSE. Square-wave jerks (SWJs) during visual fixation and pursuit tracking of targets of varying speed and predictability were investigated in the present study. METHODS. SWJs were measured in 91 subjects as they fixated a target or a remembered target location and tracked targets that varied in velocity and predictability. RESULTS. Percentages of subjects making SWJ and mean SWJ frequency per minute in the high-and low-predictability conditions were 99% and 9.34 and 91% and 2.78, respectively. SWJ rates were significantly lower when observers fixated remembered target locations rather than visual targets and during tracking of faster-moving and less predictable targets. Differences in task conditions cannot be explained by volitional influences to control the first saccade in the SWJ. There was also no influence of age on SWJ rate. CONCLUSIONS. Reduced SWJ rates after manipulations that increased task demands on visual pursuit of targets suggest an inverse relationship between current demands imposed by visual tasks and rates of intrusive saccades. These findings suggest that signals from cortical attentional systems may suppress inappropriate saccades that would divert the eyes from objects of interest during conditions imposing high task demands on the visual system. (Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci