168 research outputs found
Diurnal variation in the catches of demersal fishes In the north west region of Bay of Bengal during 1959-60
During the pericxl November 1959-Ootober 1960, the Government of India
trawler M. T. Ashok carried out exploratory trawling for demersal fishes, both
during day and night, off the coasts of Andhra and Orissa between latitudes
17°-40' to 20°-10' N and in depths ranging from 5 to 64 metres. Six major groups of
fishes viz., sharks and skates, rays, catflshes miscellaneous big and small fishes and
prawns in the catches showed diurnal variations. The catches of sharks, skates,
miscellaneous fish and catfish were heavier during the day than night, irrespective
of the area of capture and depth. Prawns and rays, however, yielded better
catches at night
An initial event in insect innate immune response: structural and biological studies of interactions between ÎČ-1,3-glucan and the N-terminal domain of ÎČ-1,3-glucan recognition protein
In response to invading microorganisms, insect ÎČ-1,3-glucan recognition protein (ÎČGRP), a soluble receptor in the hemolymph, binds to the surfaces of bacteria and fungi and activates serine protease cascades that promote destruction of pathogens by means of melanization or expression of antimicrobial peptides. Here we report on the NMR solution structure of the N-terminal domain of ÎČGRP (N-ÎČGRP) from Indian meal moth (Plodia interpunctella), which is sufficient to activate the prophenoloxidase (proPO) pathway resulting in melanin formation. NMR and isothermal calorimetric titrations of N-ÎČGRP with laminarihexaose, a glucose hexamer containing ÎČ-1,3 links, suggest a weak binding of the ligand. However, addition of laminarin, a glucose polysaccharide (~ 6 kDa) containing ÎČ-1,3 and ÎČ-1,6 links that activates the proPO pathway, to N-ÎČGRP results in the loss of NMR cross-peaks from the backbone 15N-1H groups of the protein, suggesting the formation of a large complex. Analytical ultra centrifugation (AUC) studies of formation of N-ÎČGRP:laminarin complex show that ligand-binding induces sel-fassociation of the protein:carbohydrate complex into a macro structure, likely containing six protein and three laminarin molecules (~ 102 kDa). The macro complex is quite stable, as it does not undergo dissociation upon dilution to sub-micromolar concentrations. The structural model thus derived from the present studies for N-ÎČGRP:laminarin complex in solution differs from the one in which a single N-ÎČGRP molecule has been proposed to bind to a triple helical form of laminarin on the basis of an X-ray crystallographic structure of N-ÎČGRP:laminarihexaose complex [Kanagawa, M., Satoh, T., Ikeda, A., Adachi, Y., Ohno, N., and Yamaguchi, Y. (2011) J. Biol. Chem. 286, 29158-29165]. AUC studies and phenoloxidase activation measurements carried out with the designed mutants of N-ÎČGRP indicate that electrostatic interactions involving Asp45, Arg54, and Asp68 between the ligand-bound protein molecules contribute in part to the stability of N-ÎČGRP:laminarin macro complex and that a decreased stability is accompanied by a reduced activation of the proPO pathway. Increased ÎČ-1,6 branching in laminarin also results in destabilization of the macro complex. These novel findings suggest that ligand-induced self-association of ÎČGRP:ÎČ-1,3-glucan complex may form a platform on a microbial surface for recruitment of downstream proteases, as a means of amplification of the initial signal of pathogen recognition for the activation of the proPO pathway
Industrial fisheries off Madras coast based on exploratory surveys during 1973-1980
At the Madras Research Centre of CMFRI, there existed data for areas (Fig. 1) south of 15°40'N
Upto the latitude zone of I0°40'N off Velanganni in depths ranging from 10 to 130 m for a eight year period
From 1973 to 1980. The results of analysis of these data are presented here with a view to providing information on and extending our knowledge about the spatial and seasonal distribution of various indusirially important fisheries as also their resource potential along the north Tamil Nadu-South Andhra Coast
Business analytics in industry 4.0: a systematic review
Recently, the term âIndustry 4.0â has emerged to characterize several Information Technology and Communication (ICT) adoptions in production processes (e.g., Internet-of-Things, implementation of digital production support information technologies). Business Analytics is often used within the Industry 4.0, thus incorporating its data intelligence (e.g., statistical analysis, predictive modelling, optimization) expert system component. In this paper, we perform a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) on the usage of Business Analytics within the Industry 4.0 concept, covering a selection of 169 papers obtained from six major scientific publication sources from 2010 to March 2020. The selected papers were first classified in three major types, namely, Practical Application, Reviews and Framework Proposal. Then, we analysed with more detail the practical application studies which were further divided into three main categories of the Gartner analytical maturity model, Descriptive Analytics, Predictive Analytics and Prescriptive Analytics. In particular, we characterized the distinct analytics studies in terms of the industry application and data context used, impact (in terms of their Technology Readiness Level) and selected data modelling method. Our SLR analysis provides a mapping of how data-based Industry 4.0 expert systems are currently used, disclosing also research gaps and future research opportunities.The work of P. Cortez was supported by FCT - Fundação para a CiĂȘncia e Tecnologia within the R&D Units Project Scope: UIDB/00319/2020. We
would like to thank to the three anonymous reviewers for their helpful suggestions
Measurement of atmospheric neutrino mixing with improved IceCube DeepCore calibration and data processing
We describe a new data sample of IceCube DeepCore and report on the latest measurement of atmospheric neutrino oscillations obtained with data recorded between 2011â2019. The sample includes significant improvements in data calibration, detector simulation, and data processing, and the analysis benefits from a sophisticated treatment of systematic uncertainties, with significantly greater level of detail since our last study. By measuring the relative fluxes of neutrino flavors as a function of their reconstructed energies and arrival directions we constrain the atmospheric neutrino mixing parameters to be sin2Ξ23=0.51±0.05 and Îm232=2.41±0.07Ă10â3ââeV2, assuming a normal mass ordering. The errors include both statistical and systematic uncertainties. The resulting 40% reduction in the error of both parameters with respect to our previous result makes this the most precise measurement of oscillation parameters using atmospheric neutrinos. Our results are also compatible and complementary to those obtained using neutrino beams from accelerators, which are obtained at lower neutrino energies and are subject to different sources of uncertainties
Measurement of Atmospheric Neutrino Mixing with Improved IceCube DeepCore Calibration and Data Processing
We describe a new data sample of IceCube DeepCore and report on the latest
measurement of atmospheric neutrino oscillations obtained with data recorded
between 2011-2019. The sample includes significant improvements in data
calibration, detector simulation, and data processing, and the analysis
benefits from a detailed treatment of systematic uncertainties, with
significantly higher level of detail since our last study. By measuring the
relative fluxes of neutrino flavors as a function of their reconstructed
energies and arrival directions we constrain the atmospheric neutrino mixing
parameters to be and , assuming a normal mass ordering. The
resulting 40\% reduction in the error of both parameters with respect to our
previous result makes this the most precise measurement of oscillation
parameters using atmospheric neutrinos. Our results are also compatible and
complementary to those obtained using neutrino beams from accelerators, which
are obtained at lower neutrino energies and are subject to different sources of
uncertainties
Search for Extended Sources of Neutrino Emission in the Galactic Plane with IceCube
The Galactic plane, harboring a diffuse neutrino flux, is a particularly
interesting target to study potential cosmic-ray acceleration sites. Recent
gamma-ray observations by HAWC and LHAASO have presented evidence for multiple
Galactic sources that exhibit a spatially extended morphology and have energy
spectra continuing beyond 100 TeV. A fraction of such emission could be
produced by interactions of accelerated hadronic cosmic rays, resulting in an
excess of high-energy neutrinos clustered near these regions. Using 10 years of
IceCube data comprising track-like events that originate from charged-current
muon neutrino interactions, we perform a dedicated search for extended neutrino
sources in the Galaxy. We find no evidence for time-integrated neutrino
emission from the potential extended sources studied in the Galactic plane. The
most significant location, at 2.6 post-trials, is a 1.7 sized
region coincident with the unidentified TeV gamma-ray source 3HWC J1951+266. We
provide strong constraints on hadronic emission from several regions in the
Galaxy.Comment: 13 pages, 4 figures, 5 tables including an appendix. Accepted for
publication in Astrophysical Journa
Towards screening Barrettâs Oesophagus: current guidelines, imaging modalities and future developments
Barrettâs oesophagus is the only known precursor to oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC). Although guidelines on the screening and surveillance exist in Barrettâs oesophagus, the current strategies are inadequate. Oesophagogastroduodenoscopy (OGD) is the gold standard method in screening for Barrettâs oesophagus. This invasive method is expensive with associated risks negating its use as a current screening tool for Barrettâs oesophagus. This review explores current definitions, epidemiology, biomarkers, surveillance, and screening in Barrettâs oesophagus. Imaging modalities applicable to this condition are discussed, in addition to future developments. There is an urgent need for an alternative non-invasive method of screening and/or surveillance which could be highly beneficial towards reducing waiting times, alleviating patient fears and reducing future costs in current healthcare services. Vibrational spectroscopy has been shown to be promising in categorising Barrettâs oesophagus through to high-grade dysplasia (HGD) and OAC. These techniques need further validation through multicentre trials
Design and Performance of the mDOM Mainboard for the IceCube Upgrade
About 400 mDOMs (multi-PMT Digital Optical Modules) will be deployed as part of the IceCube Upgrade Project. The mDOMâs high pressure-resistant glass sphere houses 24 PMTs, 3 cameras, 10 flasher LEDs and various sensors. The mDOM mainboard design was challenging due to the limited available volume and demanding engineering requirements, like the maximum overall power consumption, a minimum trigger threshold of 0.2 photoelectrons (PE), the dynamic range and the linearity requirements.
Another challenge was the FPGA firmware design, dealing with about 35 Gbit/s of continuous ADC data from the digitization of the 24 PMT channels, the control of a high speed dynamic buffer and the discriminator output sampling rate of about 1GSPS. High-speed sampling of each of the discriminator outputs at ~1 GSPS improves the leading-edge time resolution for the PMT waveforms. An MCU (microcontroller unit) coordinates the data taking, the data exchange with the surface and the sensor readout. Both the FPGA firmware and MCU software can be updated remotely.
After discussing the main hardware blocks and the analog frontend (AFE) design, test results will be shown, covering especially the AFE performance. Additionally, the functionality of various sensors and modules will be evaluated
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