Wege ins Labyrinth – Fragestellungen und Methoden der Übersetzungsprozessforschung im Überblick

C’est au milieu des années 1980 que sont apparues les premières études expérimentales visant à explorer les processus psycholinguistiques à la base de l’opération de traduction. Partant d’un corpus de données, ces études ont examiné pour la première fois ce qui se passe dans la tête des traducteurs au cours de cette opération mentale particulièrement complexe. Depuis la « psycho-traductologie » s’est établie en tant que nouveau domaine de recherche spécialisé au sein de la traductologie générale. Le présent article se propose de déterminer l’objet et les principales méthodes de ce domaine de recherche en examinant quatre questions : (1) Quels sont les points de départ et les approches caractéristiques de ce domaine de recherche ? (2) Quelles sont les questions auxquelles la psycho-traductologie veut trouver des réponses ? (3) Avec quelles méthodes peut-on collecter des données pertinentes à ces questions ? (4) Avec quelles méthodes peut-on analyser et interpréter les données collectées ?About 20 years ago the first empirical studies on the psycholinguistic structure of translation processes appeared. Based on data corpora, these studies investigated for the first time what goes on in the mind of translators while translating. Since then, process-oriented research in translation has developed into a research branch of its own within general translatology. The present article attempts to outline the fundamentals of this new branch of research by discussing four basic questions: (1) What are the characteristic features of process-oriented research in translation? (2) Which research questions is it designed to answer? (3) What methods are appropriate for collecting data relevant to the translation process? (4) What methods are appropriate for the systematic analysis and interpretation of the data collected

Разработка геоинформационной подсистемы для программного комплекса Scada Infinity

Объектом исследования является геоинформационная система, предназначенная для отображения технологических объектов и информации о состоянии технологического процесса на географической карте. Основная цель системы - повысить эффективность введения мониторинга территориально распределенных и мобильных объектов. В настоящей работе рассматриваются вопросы, возникающие при проектировании и реализации проектов по созданию геоинформационных систем, предназначенные для визуализации информации о состоянии технологического процесса, и ведения мониторинга территориально распределенных и мобильных технологических объектов. Особое внимание уделено определению архитектурного стиля, проектированию и реализации системы.The object of the study is a geoinformation system designed to display technological objects and information about the state of the technological process on a geographic map. The main goal of the system is to improve the efficiency of monitoring the geographically distributed and mobile objects. In this work, we consider issues arising in the design and implementation of projects for the creation of geoinformation systems designed to visualize information about the state of the technological process and to monitor the geographically distributed and mobile process facilities. Particular attention is paid to the definition of architectural style, design and implementation of the architectural solution of the system

Dağlar çocuğu

C. C.'nin Talebe Defteri'nde tefrika edilen Dağlar Çocuğu adlı roman

All-sky search for time-integrated neutrino emission from astrophysical sources with 7 years of IceCube data

Since the recent detection of an astrophysical flux of high energy neutrinos, the question of its origin has not yet fully been answered. Much of what is known about this flux comes from a small event sample of high neutrino purity, good energy resolution, but large angular uncertainties. In searches for point-like sources, on the other hand, the best performance is given by using large statistics and good angular reconstructions. Track-like muon events produced in neutrino interactions satisfy these requirements. We present here the results of searches for point-like sources with neutrinos using data acquired by the IceCube detector over seven years from 2008--2015. The discovery potential of the analysis in the northern sky is now significantly below $E_\nu^2d\phi/dE_\nu=10^{-12}\:\mathrm{TeV\,cm^{-2}\,s^{-1}}$, on average $38\%$ lower than the sensitivity of the previously published analysis of four years exposure. No significant clustering of neutrinos above background expectation was observed, and implications for prominent neutrino source candidates are discussed.Comment: 19 pages, 17 figures, 3 tables; ; submitted to The Astrophysical Journa

The contribution of Fermi-2LAC blazars to the diffuse TeV-PeV neutrino flux

The recent discovery of a diffuse cosmic neutrino flux extending up to PeV energies raises the question of which astrophysical sources generate this signal. One class of extragalactic sources which may produce such high-energy neutrinos are blazars. We present a likelihood analysis searching for cumulative neutrino emission from blazars in the 2nd Fermi-LAT AGN catalogue (2LAC) using an IceCube neutrino dataset 2009-12 which was optimised for the detection of individual sources. In contrast to previous searches with IceCube, the populations investigated contain up to hundreds of sources, the largest one being the entire blazar sample in the 2LAC catalogue. No significant excess is observed and upper limits for the cumulative flux from these populations are obtained. These constrain the maximum contribution of the 2LAC blazars to the observed astrophysical neutrino flux to be $27 \%$ or less between around 10 TeV and 2 PeV, assuming equipartition of flavours at Earth and a single power-law spectrum with a spectral index of $-2.5$. We can still exclude that the 2LAC blazars (and sub-populations) emit more than $50 \%$ of the observed neutrinos up to a spectral index as hard as $-2.2$ in the same energy range. Our result takes into account that the neutrino source count distribution is unknown, and it does not assume strict proportionality of the neutrino flux to the measured 2LAC $\gamma$-ray signal for each source. Additionally, we constrain recent models for neutrino emission by blazars.Comment: 18 pages, 22 figure

The unruptured intracranial aneurysm treatment score A multidisciplinary consensus

Objective: We endeavored to develop an unruptured intracranial aneurysm (UIA) treatment score (UIATS) model that includes and quantifies key factors involved in clinical decision-making in the management of UIAs and to assess agreement for this model among specialists in UIA management and research. Methods: An international multidisciplinary (neurosurgery, neuroradiology, neurology, clinical epidemiology) group of 69 specialists was convened to develop and validate the UIATS model using a Delphi consensus. For internal (39 panel members involved in identification of relevant features) and external validation (30 independent external reviewers), 30 selected UIA cases were used to analyze agreement with UIATS management recommendations based on a 5-point Likert scale (5 indicating strong agreement). Interrater agreement (IRA) was assessed with standardized coefficients of dispersion (v(r)*) (v(r)* 5 0 indicating excellent agreement and v(r)* = 1 indicating poor agreement). Results: The UIATS accounts for 29 key factors in UIA management. Agreement with UIATS (mean Likert scores) was 4.2 (95% confidence interval [CI] 4.1-4.3) per reviewer for both reviewer cohorts; agreement per case was 4.3 (95% CI 4.1-4.4) for panel members and 4.5 (95% CI 4.3-4.6) for external reviewers (p = 0.017). Mean Likert scores were 4.2 (95% CI 4.1-4.3) for interventional reviewers (n = 56) and 4.1 (95% CI 3.9-4.4) for noninterventional reviewers (n = 12) (p = 0.290). Overall IRA (v(r)*) for both cohorts was 0.026 (95% CI 0.019-0.033). Conclusions: This novel UIA decision guidance study captures an excellent consensus among highly informed individuals on UIA management, irrespective of their underlying specialty. Clinicians can use the UIATS as a comprehensive mechanism for indicating how a large group of specialists might manage an individual patient with a UIA.Peer reviewe

Neutrino interferometry for high-precision tests of Lorentz symmetry with IceCube

We acknowledge the support from the following agencies: USA—US National Science Foundation–Office of Polar Programs, US National Science Foundation–Physics Division, Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation, Center for High Throughput Computing (CHTC) at the University of Wisconsin–Madison, Open Science Grid (OSG), Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE), US Department of Energy–National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, Particle astrophysics research computing centre at the University of Maryland, Institute for Cyber-Enabled Research at Michigan State University and Astroparticle physics computational facility at Marquette University; Belgium—Funds for Scientific Research (FRS-FNRS and FWO), FWO Odysseus and Big Science programmes, and Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (Belspo); Germany—Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), Helmholtz Alliance for Astroparticle Physics (HAP), Initiative and Networking Fund of the Helmholtz Association, Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron (DESY), and High Performance Computing cluster of the RWTH Aachen; Sweden—Swedish Research Council, Swedish Polar Research Secretariat, Swedish National Infrastructure for Computing (SNIC), and Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation; Australia—Australian Research Council; Canada—Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Calcul Québec, Compute Ontario, Canada Foundation for Innovation, WestGrid and Compute Canada; Denmark—Villum Fonden, Danish National Research Foundation (DNRF); New Zealand—Marsden Fund; Japan—Japan Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS) and Institute for Global Prominent Research (IGPR) of Chiba University; Korea—National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF); Switzerland—Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF); UK—Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) and The Royal Society