442 research outputs found
ΠΠ»ΠΈΠΌΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ³ Π² ΠΌΡΠ·Π΅Π΅ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·ΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° Β«Π’Π°Π»ΡΡΡΒ» ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ ΠΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ
Based on archive and field studies of the remained fragments of the fort (Spasskaya gate tower and a chapel), the article considers an attempt to restore its plan structure and different objects: a shopping arcade, a writ hut, a complex of the tsarβs military governorβs yard, a tower, and salt and sable storehouses. With the help of field studies, measurements and photofixation we have revealed compositional, planning and design features of the fort (ostrog) and its structures.Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ Π°ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡ
ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ²ΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ³Π° (Π‘ΠΏΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅Π·Π΄Π½Π°Ρ Π±Π°ΡΠ½Ρ, ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ) ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΡΠΊΠ° Π²ΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²: Π³ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΉ Π΄Π²ΠΎΡ, ΠΏΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Π·Π½Π°Ρ ΠΈΠ·Π±Π°, ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡ Π²ΠΎΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ (Π³ΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΠ΅Π²Π°) Π΄Π²ΠΎΡΠ°, Π±Π°ΡΠ½ΠΈ, ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΉ Π°ΠΌΠ±Π°ΡΡ. ΠΠ° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠ΅, ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ³Π°, ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΎ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ
ΠΠ°Π»ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΠ°Π±Π°ΠΉΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΡ: ΠΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊ
Basing on his field observations, photofixation and study of archival and literature sources, the author explores the process of formation of historic settlements in the Chita region (now Zabaikalsky Krai). Nerchinsk stands out among other historic towns of Zabaikalye thanks to its history and plenty of historical and architectural monuments, being of interest for historico-architectural science. The author studies the planning and compositional peculiarities of the most significant structures and complexes of the given historical period.ΠΠ° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π°ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈ Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² Π§ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ (Π½ΡΠ½Π΅ ΠΠ°Π±Π°ΠΉΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΉ). Π‘ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΠ°Π±Π°ΠΉΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΡ ΠΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊ Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Π°ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΡΡ, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡ Π½Π΅ΡΠΎΠΌΠ½Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Ρ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΊΠΎ-Π°ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π°ΡΠΊΠΈ. ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠΎΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π°
ΠΠ°Π»ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π° Π‘ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΠΈ: ΠΠ»Π΅ΠΊΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊ
Basing on his study of archival and literature materials, as well as his field observations and photofixation, the author explores architecture of Olyokminsk, one of the first historic towns in Siberia. He analyzes the wooden architecture of the town, stone structures, decoration of residential buildings, window surrounds, as well as the planning structure of Olyokminsk. The architecture of the lost part of the city, skoptsyβs settlement Spassky, is analyzed too.ΠΠ° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ Π°ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈ Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ², Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π°ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΡΠ° ΠΠ»Π΅ΠΊΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠ° β ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π‘ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΠΈ. ΠΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠ½Π½Π°Ρ Π°ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΡΠ° Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π°, ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΠΊΠΈ, Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ±ΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΠΆΠΈΠ»ΡΡ
Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ², Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ° ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ ΠΠ»Π΅ΠΊΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠ°. ΠΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· Π°ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π° β ΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π‘ΠΏΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ
ΠΠ°Π»ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΠ°Π±Π°ΠΉΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΡ: Π‘ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΊ, ΠΠΊΡΠ°
Basing on his study of archival and literature sources, field observations and photofixation, the author explores architecture of the so-called small and historic settlements in Zabaikalye, the frontier earth fortification in Aksha, and Sretensk, which celebrated its 330th anniversary in 2019. The author studies the planning, compositional and stylistic peculiarities of architecture of the given settlements and analyses the most architecturally interesting structures and specific decorations of wooden houses.Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈ Π°ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ², Π°Π²ΡΠΎΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π°ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΡΠ° ΡΠ°ΠΊ Π½Π°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΠ°Π±Π°ΠΉΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΡ β ΠΏΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΠΊΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π·Π΅ΠΌΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ Π‘ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΊΠ°, Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ³ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π² 2019 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅Π³ΠΎ 330-Π»Π΅ΡΠΈΡ. Π Π°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅, ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΡΠΈΠ»Π΅Π²ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π°ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΡΡ Π½Π°Π·Π²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Π΄Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π² Π°ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ±ΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ²Π° Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠ½Π½ΡΡ
Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ²
ΠΠΎΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π΅Ρ ΠΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ: ΡΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π² Π₯Π°Π±Π°ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠ΅
Based on archival materials and the analysis of surviving buildings, the article recreates the creative activity of one of the prominent Far Eastern architects of the early 20th century, the military engineer B.A. Malinovsky. In the article his architectural and engineering works built mainly in the style of neoclassicism are identified, and the contribution of the architect to the development of Khabarovsk is shown. The principles of its design are traced, and a wide typological range of buildings is noted. The article pays attention to other important aspects of Malinovsky's creative activity, in particular, his contribution to the training of engineering personnel in the Far East in the 1920s-1930s.ΠΠ° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ Π°ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΡΠΎΡ
ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ²ΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊ Π² ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ· Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
Π΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π΅Π²ΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π°ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»Π° XX Π²Π΅ΠΊΠ° Π²ΠΎΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ° Π. Π. ΠΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ. ΠΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π°ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΈΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π² ΡΡΠΈΠ»Π΅ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°, ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ Π²ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ Π°ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ° Π² ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΠΊΠΈ Π₯Π°Π±Π°ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠ°. ΠΡΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠΏΡ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊ. ΠΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° Π²ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ ΠΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΡ ΠΈΠ½ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ°Π΄ΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΠΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΌ ΠΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΊΠ΅ Π² 1920β1930-Π΅ Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ
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