Shower development of particles with momenta from 15 GeV to 150 GeV in the CALICE scintillator-tungsten hadronic calorimeter

We present a study of showers initiated by electrons, pions, kaons, and protons with momenta from 15 GeV to 150 GeV in the highly granular CALICE scintillator-tungsten analogue hadronic calorimeter. The data were recorded at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron in 2011. The analysis includes measurements of the calorimeter response to each particle type as well as measurements of the energy resolution and studies of the longitudinal and radial shower development for selected particles. The results are compared to Geant4 simulations (version 9.6.p02). In the study of the energy resolution we include previously published data with beam momenta from 1 GeV to 10 GeV recorded at the CERN Proton Synchrotron in 2010.Comment: 35 pages, 21 figures, 8 table

Construction and response of a highly granular scintillator-based electromagnetic calorimeter

A highly granular electromagnetic calorimeter with scintillator strip readout is being developed for future linear collider experiments. A prototype of 21.5 푋0 depth and 180 × 180 mm2 transverse dimensions was constructed, consisting of 2160 individually read out 10 × 45 × 3 mm3 scintillator strips. This prototype was tested using electrons of 2–32 GeV at the Fermilab Test Beam Facility in 2009. Deviations from linear energy response were less than 1.1%, and the intrinsic energy resolution was determined to be (12.5±0.1(stat.)±0.4(syst.))%∕√퐸[GeV]⊕(1.2± 0.1(stat.)+0.6−0.7(syst.))%, where the uncertainties correspond to statistical and systematic sources, respectively

Optical fibre calibration system and adaptive power supply

We summarize the recent activity of our group in the calibration, monitoring and gain stabilization of photodetectors, primarily silicon photomultipliers, in calorimeters using scintillator as active medium. The task originally solved for the CALICE analog hadron calorimeter founds application in other experiments

Cryogenic characterization of Hamamatsu HWB MPPCs for the DUNE photon detection system

International audienceThe Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) is a nextgeneration experiment aimed to study neutrino oscillation. Itslong-baseline configuration will exploit a Near Detector (ND) and aFar Detector (FD) located at a distance of ∼1300 km. The FDwill consist of four Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber (LAr TPC)modules. A Photon Detection System (PDS) will be used to detect thescintillation light produced inside the detector after neutrinointeractions. The PDS will be based on light collectors coupled toSilicon Photomultipliers (SiPMs). Different photosensortechnologies have been proposed and produced in order to identifythe best samples to fullfill the experiment requirements. In thispaper, we present the procedure and results of a validation campaignfor the Hole Wire Bonding (HWB) MPPCs samples produced by HamamatsuPhotonics K.K. (HPK) for the DUNE experiment, referring to them as`SiPMs'. The protocol for a characterization at cryogenictemperature (77 K) is reported. We present the down-selectioncriteria and the results obtained during the selection campaignundertaken, along with a study of the main sources of noise of theSiPMs including the investigation of a newly observed phenomenon inthis field

Cryogenic characterization of Hamamatsu HWB MPPCs for the DUNE photon detection system

International audienceThe Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) is a nextgeneration experiment aimed to study neutrino oscillation. Itslong-baseline configuration will exploit a Near Detector (ND) and aFar Detector (FD) located at a distance of ∼1300 km. The FDwill consist of four Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber (LAr TPC)modules. A Photon Detection System (PDS) will be used to detect thescintillation light produced inside the detector after neutrinointeractions. The PDS will be based on light collectors coupled toSilicon Photomultipliers (SiPMs). Different photosensortechnologies have been proposed and produced in order to identifythe best samples to fullfill the experiment requirements. In thispaper, we present the procedure and results of a validation campaignfor the Hole Wire Bonding (HWB) MPPCs samples produced by HamamatsuPhotonics K.K. (HPK) for the DUNE experiment, referring to them as`SiPMs'. The protocol for a characterization at cryogenictemperature (77 K) is reported. We present the down-selectioncriteria and the results obtained during the selection campaignundertaken, along with a study of the main sources of noise of theSiPMs including the investigation of a newly observed phenomenon inthis field

Construction and Response of a Highly Granular Scintillator-based Electromagnetic Calorimeter

A highly granular electromagnetic calorimeter with scintillator strip readout is being developed for future lepton collider experiments. A prototype of 21.5 $X_0$ depth and $180 \times 180$mm$^2$ transverse dimensions was constructed, consisting of 2160 individually read out $10 \times 45 \times 3$ mm$^3$ scintillator strips. This prototype was tested using electrons of 2--32 GeV at the Fermilab Test Beam Facility in 2009. Deviations from linear energy response were less than 1.1\%, and the intrinsic energy resolution was determined to be $(12.6 \pm 0.1 (\mathrm{stat.}) \pm0.4 (\mathrm{syst.}))\%/\sqrt{E[\mathrm{GeV}]}\oplus (1.1 \pm 0.1(\mathrm{stat.})^{+0.6}_{-0.7}(\mathrm{syst.}))\%$, where the uncertainties correspond to statistical and systematic sources, respectively

Construction and response of a highly granular scintillator-based electromagnetic calorimeter

A highly granular electromagnetic calorimeter with scintillator strip readout is being developed for future linear collider experiments. A prototype of 21.5 $X_0$depth and $180 \times 180$ $mm^2$ transverse dimensions was constructed, consisting of 2160 individually read out $10\times 45\times 3$ $mm^3$ scintillator strips. This prototype was tested using electrons of 2–32 $Ge V$ at the Fermilab Test Beam Facility in 2009. Deviations from linear energy response were less than 1.1%, and the intrinsic energy resolution was determined to be $(12.5\pm 0.1(stat.)\pm 0.4(syst.))\%$ $/$ $\sqrt{E[Ge V]}\oplus \left( 1.2\pm 0.1(stat.)_{-0.7}^{+0.6}(syst.)\right)\%$, where the uncertainties correspond to statistical and systematic sources, respectively

Analysis of Testbeam Data of the Highly Granular RPC-Steel CALICE Digital Hadron Calorimeter and Validation of Geant4 Monte Carlo Models

International audienceWe present a study of the response of the highly granular Digital Hadronic Calorimeter with steel absorbers, the Fe-DHCAL, to positrons, muons, and pions with momenta ranging from 2 to 60 GeV/c. Developed in the context of the CALICE collaboration, this hadron calorimeter utilises Resistive Plate Chambers as active media, interspersed with steel absorber plates. With a transverse granularity of 1 × 1 cm 2 and a longitudinal segmentation of 38 layers, the calorimeter counted 350,208 readout channels, each read out with single-bit resolution (digital readout). The data were recorded in the Fermilab test beam in 2010–11. The analysis includes measurements of the calorimeter response and the energy resolution to positrons and muons, as well as detailed studies of various shower shape quantities. The results are compared to simulations based on Geant4 , which utilise different electromagnetic and hadronic physics lists

Hadronic Energy Resolution of a Combined High Granularity Scintillator Calorimeter System

International audienceThis paper presents results obtained with the combined CALICE Scintillator Electromagnetic Calorimeter, Analogue Hadronic Calorimeter and Tail Catcher & Muon Tracker, three high granularity scintillator-silicon photomultiplier calorimeter prototypes. The response of the system to pions with momenta between 4 GeV/c and 32 GeV/c is analysed, including the average energy response, resolution, and longitudinal shower profiles. Two techniques are applied to reconstruct the initial particle energy from the measured energy depositions; a standard energy reconstruction which is linear in the measured depositions and a software compensation technique based on reweighting individually measured depositions according to their hit energy. The results are compared to predictions of the GEANT 4 physics lists QGSP_BERT_HP and FTFP_BERT_HP