Pionic Atom Spectroscopy in the (d,3He) reaction at finite angles

We study the formation of deeply bound pionic atoms in the (d,3He) reactions theoretically and show the energy spectra of the emitted 3He at finite angles, which are expected to be observed experimentally. We find that the different combinations of the pion-bound and neutron-hole states dominate the spectra at different scattering angles because of the matching condition of the reaction. We conclude that the observation of the (d,3He) reaction at finite angles will provide the systematic information of the pionic bound states in each nucleus and will help to develop the study of the pion properties and the partial restoration of chiral symmetry in nuclei.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures, 1 tabl

Nutritive value and in vitro methane production of two perennial grasses under different stocking rates in periurban areas of West-Africa

Background. In sub-Saharan Africa, pasture is the most used practice in ruminant production, and grazing areas characteristics varied in different environment. To improve ruminants’ performances, the quality of forages represents one of the most important factors to keep under control. Objective. To quantify the effects of grazing stocking rate on the nutrient composition, energy content and in vitro fermentation characteristics including volatile fatty acids (VFA) and methane production (CH4) of two local perennial grasses Dactyloctenium aegyptium L. and Leptochloa caerulescens L. Methodology. The forage samples were collected in three locations (Zinvié, Gakpé, Adounko) characterized by different stocking rate (low, medium and high). Their chemical composition, energy content and in vitro fermentation characteristics, including CH4 production, were determined. Results. D. aegyptium showed the highest crude protein, energy content, organic matter degradability and VFA production (p<0.01) when collected in Zinvié, whereas the highest (p<0.01) structural carbohydrates (NDF) content was detected in Gakpé area and the highest CH4 production was recorded from the sample collected in Adounko (p<0.01). Contrariwise, L. caerulescens showed the highest level of crude protein and degradability (p<0.01) when collected in Zinvié, whereas it proved the highest NDF content and the lowest lignin values (p<0.01) when collected in Adounko. The highest CH4 level was obtained from the sample collected in area of Gakpé (p<0.01). Higher (p<0.01) in vitro VFA production were recorded in samples collected in Adounko and Gakpé than in the Zinvié. Implications. The results obtained in this study highlight the significant influence of urbanization and herd concentration, as well as of other environmental conditions, on the nutritional value and potential environmental impact of the studied perennial grasses. Conclusion. Samples from high grazing stocking rate locations produced more in vitro methane. Further in vivo studies are needed to confirm these results

The Role of Intravenous Immunoglobulins in Decreasing the Need for Exchange Transfusion in Neonates with Isoimmune Haemolytic Jaundice

Abstract: Background: Neonatal Jaundice secondary to isoimmune haemolytic anemia (Rh and ABO incompatibility) is a cause of high serum bilirubin level due to haemolysis of red blood cells secondary to transplacental passage of antibodies. Intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG) have been successfully used in isoimmune hemolytic jaundice and were found to decrease hemolysis leading to reduction in serum bilirubin level and subsequently decreasing the need for exchange transfusion. Patients and methods: This study was conducted on 30 full term neonates with isoimmune-hemolytic jaundice admitted in the neonatal intensive care units in New Children&apos;s hospital, Cairo University. They were randomly classified into 2 groups Group I: &quot;Study group&quot; (15) neonates presented with isoimmune hemolytic jaundice treated by phototherapy + single dose of I.V immunoglobulin infusion (0.5 gm/Kg). Group II: &quot;Control group&quot

Régénération Naturelle Assistée Du Teck (Tectona Grandis L. F.) Dans La Forêt Classée De La Lama Au Bénin

La régénération naturelle assistée, technique utilisée pour favoriser le développement du potentiel adventif et du potentiel séminal des arbres, est un mode de reproduction adopté de nos jours pour renouveler et pérenniser les formations forestières. La présente étude a été réalisée dans les plantations de la forêt classée de la Lama, situées entre 6°55' et 7°00' de latitude Nord et entre 2°4' et 2°12' de longitude Est. Elle vise à proposer une technique de régénération naturelle assistée peu coûteuse adaptée aux peuplements de teck installés sur des vertisols hydromorphes. Trois méthodes de régénérations naturelles assistées ont été testées sur quatre types de sols (vertisol argilosableux, vertisol argileux, vertisol argilo-calcaire et vertisols argilo-calcaire superficiel). Pour chaque traitement sur chaque type de sol, deux placeaux carrées de 100 m2 ont été matérialisés avec chacun huit placettes de 4 m2. La régénération a été inventoriée dans chaque placette et des relevés ont été effectués par rapport au nombre, hauteur et circonférence au collet des jeunes plants. L’évaluation des coûts de la méthode a été réalisée grâce à une&nbsp;comptabilité analytique régulière prenant en compte toutes les dépenses d’installation et de maintenance des parcelles expérimentales. La densité, hauteur et circonférence au collet varient significativement en fonction des types de sol. Toutefois, les plants sont plus développés en hauteur et en circonférence au collet dans les interlignes que sur les lignes. La régénération sur sol non travaillé est le moins coûteuse et donc celui à recommander aux gestionnaires des teckeraies de la Lama. Assisted natural regeneration is a technique used to promote the development of the seminal potential of trees. Actually, it is a mode of reproduction adopted to renew and sustain the forests. This study was carried out in the plantations of the Lama reserve (between 6° 55' and 7° 00' north and between 2° 4'and 2° 12' east). It aims to propose an inexpensive assisted natural regeneration method adapted to teak stands installed on hydromorphic vertisols. Three assisted natural regeneration methods were tested on four soil&nbsp;types ((clay-sandy vertisol, clay vertisol, clay-limestone vertisol, and superficial clay-limestone vertisols). For each treatment about each type of soil, two square plots (100 m2) were materialized with eight plots of 4 m2 each one. Regeneration was inventoried in each plot and data are collected about number, height, and circumference at the neck of seeding. The production costs were assessed through regular cost accounting taking into account all the installation and maintenance expenses of the experimental plots. From the results, density, height, and collar circumference vary significantly with soil types. However, the seedlings are more developed in height and circumference at the collar in the interlinings than on the lines. Regeneration on unworked soil is the least expensive and therefore the one to recommend to managers of teak plantations of the Lama

Decay Properties of 266^{266}Bh and 262^{262}Db Produced in the 248^{248}Cm + 23^{23}Na Reaction

Decay properties of an isotope $^{266}$Bh and its daughter nucleus $^{262}$Db produced by the $^{248}$Cm($^{23}$Na, 5\textit{n}) reaction were studied by using a gas-filled recoil separator coupled with a position-sensitive semiconductor detector. $^{266}$Bh was clearly identified from the correlation of the known nuclide, $^{262}$Db. The obtained decay properties of $^{266}$Bh and $^{262}$Db are consistent with those observed in the $^{278}$113 chain, which provided further confirmation of the discovery of $^{278}$113.Comment: Accepted for publication in J. Phys. Soc. JPN., to be published in Vol.78 No.

Decay modes of 250No

The Fragment Mass Analyzer at the ATLAS facility has been used to unambiguously identify the mass number associated with different decay modes of the nobelium isotopes produced via 204Pb(48Ca,xn)(252-x)No reactions. Isotopically pure (>99.7%) 204Pb targets were used to reduce background from more favored reactions on heavier lead isotopes. Two spontaneous fission half-lives (t_1/2 = 3.7+1.1-0.8 us and 43+22-15 us) were deduced from a total of 158 fission events. Both decays originate from 250No rather than from neighboring isotopes as previously suggested. The longer activity most likely corresponds to a K-isomer in this nucleus. No conclusive evidence for an alpha branch was observed, resulting in upper limits of 2.1% for the shorter lifetime and 3.4% for the longer activity.Comment: RevTex4, 10 pages, 5 figures, submitted to PR

Dialkylimidazolium Chloroaluminates: Ab Initio Calculations, Raman and Neutron Scattering Measurements

The Raman and neutron scattering spectra of 46 mol% AlCl{sub 3} -54 mol% 1-ethyl-3-methyl imidazolium chloride (EMIC) and 67 mol% AlCl{sub 3} - 33 mol% EMIC melts are presented. Ab initio molecular orbital calculations have been carried out on structures of chloroaluminate anion and EMI cation and the interaction between anion and cation

Dialkylimidazolium chloroaluminates: Ab initio calculations, Raman and neutron scattering measurements

The Raman and neutron scattering spectra of 46 mol% AlCl[sub 3] -54 mol% 1-ethyl-3-methyl imidazolium chloride (EMIC) and 67 mol% AlCl[sub 3] - 33 mol% EMIC melts are presented. Ab initio molecular orbital calculations have been carried out on structures of chloroaluminate anion and EMI cation and the interaction between anion and cation

Cross Section Limits for the 208^{208}Pb(86^{86}Kr,n)293^{293}118 Reaction

In April-May, 2001, the previously reported experiment to synthesize element 118 using the $^{208}$Pb($^{86}$Kr,n)$^{293}$118 reaction was repeated. No events corresponding to the synthesis of element 118 were observed with a total beam dose of 2.6 x 10$^{18}$ ions. The simple upper limit cross sections (1 event) were 0.9 and 0.6 pb for evaporation residue magnetic rigidities of 2.00 $T m$ and 2.12 $T m$, respectively. A more detailed cross section calculation, accounting for an assumed narrow excitation function, the energy loss of the beam in traversing the target and the uncertainty in the magnetic rigidity of the Z=118 recoils is also presented. Re-analysis of the primary data files from the 1999 experiment showed the reported element 118 events are not in the original data. The current results put constraints on the production cross section for synthesis of very heavy nuclei in cold fusion reactions.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figures. Submitted to EPJ