Discordant effect of body mass index on bone mineral density and speed of sound

BACKGROUND: Increased BMI may affect the determination of bone mineral density (BMD) by dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and speed of sound (SOS) measured across bones. Preliminary data suggest that axial SOS is less affected by soft tissue. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of body mass index (BMI) on BMD and SOS measured along bones. METHODS: We compared axial BMD determined by DXA with SOS along the phalanx, radius and tibia in 22 overweight (BMI > 27 kg/m(2)), and 11 lean (BMI = 21 kg/m(2)) postmenopausal women. Serum bone specific alkaline phosphatase and urinary deoxypyridinoline excretion determined bone turnover. RESULTS: Mean femoral neck – but not lumbar spine BMD was higher in the overweight – as compared with the lean group (0.70 ± 0.82, -0.99 ± 0.52, P < 0.00001). Femoral neck BMD in the overweight – but not in the lean group highly correlated with BMI (R = 0.68. P < 0.0001). Mean SOS at all measurement sites was similar in both groups and did not correlate with BMI. Bone turnover was similar in the two study groups. CONCLUSIONS: The high BMI of postmenopausal women may result in spuriously high BMD. SOS measured along bones may be a more appropriate means for evaluating bones of overweight women

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博士（学術）神戸大

A procedure for the evaluation of 2D radiographic texture analysis to assess 3D bone micro-architecture

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What are the most relevant 2D radiographic texture parameters to assess 3D bone micro-architecture ?

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Relevance of 2D radiographic texture analysis for the assessment of 3D bone micro-architecture

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Radioimmunotherapy of small solid tumours using monoclonal antibodies labelled with Auger electrons emitters

Introduction: The efficiency of 125I in killing tumour cells was compared in vitro and in vivo according to whether the emitter was localised at cell surface or within cytoplasm. Materials and methods: In in vitro experiments, the A-431 and SK-OV-3 carcinoma cell lines expressing the HER1/CEA and HER2/CEA receptors, respectively, were incubated for 2 days with either internalising (anti-HER1 or anti-HER2, respectively) or non-internalising (anti-CEA) 125I-labelled monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Uptake of radioactivity per cell was measured and used for determining the mean nucleus irradiation dose according to the MIRD cellular approach. Relationship between clonogenic survival and the mean nucleus irradiation dose was next investigated using a linear mixed regression model. In vivo efficiency of 125I-labelled mAbs was also assessed in radioimmunotherapy of small solid tumours. Swiss nude mice bearing intraperitoneal A-431-xenografted tumours (<2mm) were then intravenously injected with 2 x 1mCi of either internalising or non-internalising 125I-mAbs. Tumour growth was followed by the bioluminescence technique. Uptake of radioactivity per organ was determined through a biodistribution assay and Monte carlo-calculated S-factors previously published for voxel-based mouse model were then used for dose assesment. Results: In vitro, we showed that toxicity of non-internalising mAbs was either greater or similar to the one observed with internalising mAbs suggesting the involvement of the cell membrane in radiation response to Auger electrons. In vivo, we confirmed the efficiency of 125I-labelled mAbs in the therapy of small solid tumours. Median survival time (MST) was about 19 days in non-treated mice. It was not statistically increased when the unlabelled non-internalising mAb was used (MST = 24 days). By contrast, unlabelled internalising mAb was shown to significantly increase survival (MST = 76 days, p<0.001). Labelling non-internalising mAb with 125I was accompanied by a significant increase in survival (MST = 67 days, p = 0.004) while it had no effect on efficiency of internalising mAb (MST = 77 days, p = 0.80). Irradiation doses delivered to organs and tumors were also assessed. Conclusion: This study demonstrates in vitro and in vivo the efficiency of non-internalising 125I-mAbs in radioimmunotherapy of small solid tumours. It indicates that the cell membrane is a sensitive target to Auger electrons

Etude multicentrique de l'impact de la TEP/TDM à la fluorocholine (18F) en cas de récidive occulte de cancer de la prostate

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Guide de rédaction des protocoles d’examens d’imagerie de la neurotransmission pour l’exploration des mouvements anormaux

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