Phase transitions in the sdgsdg interacting boson model

A geometric analysis of the $sdg$ interacting boson model is performed. A coherent-state is used in terms of three types of deformation: axial quadrupole ($\beta_2$), axial hexadecapole ($\beta_4$) and triaxial ($\gamma_2$). The phase-transitional structure is established for a schematic $sdg$ hamiltonian which is intermediate between four dynamical symmetries of U(15), namely the spherical ${\rm U}(5)\otimes{\rm U}(9)$, the (prolate and oblate) deformed ${\rm SU}_\pm(3)$ and the $\gamma_2$-soft SO(15) limits. For realistic choices of the hamiltonian parameters the resulting phase diagram has properties close to what is obtained in the $sd$ version of the model and, in particular, no transition towards a stable triaxial shape is found.Comment: 19 pages, 5 figures, submitted to J. Phys.

Ground State Properties of Many-Body Systems in the Two-Body Random Ensemble and Random Matrix Theory

We explore generic ground-state and low-energy statistical properties of many-body bosonic and fermionic one- and two-body random ensembles (TBRE) in the dense limit, and contrast them with Random Matrix Theory (RMT). Weak differences in distribution tails can be attributed to the regularity or chaoticity of the corresponding Hamiltonians rather than the particle statistics. We finally show the universality of the distribution of the angular momentum gap between the lowest energy levels in consecutive J-sectors for the four models considered.Comment: 12 pages, 5 figure

スイガン シンジュン マクロファージ ユライ IL-1β ニ ヨル 15-PGDH ハツゲン ヨクセイ ワ スイガン シンテン オ ヨクシン シテイル

熊本大

Inducible factors for cancer-associated fibroblasts in liver cancer versus myofibroblasts in inflammatory liver disease

The importance of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in liver cancer, cholangiocarcinoma (CC) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), has been appreciated in the past 5 years. We focused on how they get activated in the tumor microenvironment in this review. Not only hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) but also portal fibroblasts (PFs) have been appreciated to be key players in liver fibrogenesis, and their different roles have just started to be recognized. Since the role of cholangiocyte in biliary fibrogenic disease might have some similarities to that of CC, we focused on the role of cholangiocytes activating stromal fibroblasts, which would presumably be helpful for better understanding the mechanism of tumor-CAFs interaction. In addition, the activation of CAFs should be different from that of CAFs in HCC, which we consider to be potentially similar to MFs in hepatocyte injury-dependent liver fibrogesis. Herein, we describe the activation of CAFs in CC in comparison to MFs seen in other liver diseases such as 1) MFs in liver fibrosis caused by hepatocyte injury such as alcoholic hepatitis, viral hepatitis, and nonalcoholic steatosis, 2) MFs in liver fibrosis caused by cholestatic disease, and 3) CAFs in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This review on the activation of fibroblasts either in liver cancer or in chronic liver disease would contribute to CAF-targeted therapy in liver cancer

Interrelations between the pairing and quadrupole interactions in the microscopic Shell Model

We explore the dynamical symmetries of the shell model number conserving algebra, which define three types of pairing and quadrupole phases, with the aim to obtain the prevailing phase or phase transition for the real nuclear systems in a single shell. This is achieved by establishing a correspondence between each of the pairing bases with the Elliott’s SU(3) basis that describes collective rotation of nuclear systems. This allows for a complete classification of the basis states of different number of particles in all the limiting cases. The probability distribution of the SU(3) basis states within theirs corresponding pairing states is also obtained. The relative strengths of dynamically symmetric quadrupole-quadrupole interaction in respect to the isoscalar, isovector and total pairing interactions define a control parameter, which estimates the importance of each term of the Hamiltonian in the correct reproduction of the experimental data for the considered nuclei

Cystic gastric metastasis from pancreatic cancer

Abstract Gastrointestinal tract metastasis from pancreatic cancer is quite rare. We present the case of a 58-year-old male patient who underwent distal pancreatectomy for pancreatic body cancer 5 years prior. Four years after the initial operation, a 15-mm cystic submucosal tumor was found in the antrum of the stomach. Because the tumor had grown to 25 mm and the level of carcinoembryonic antigen in the cystic fluid derived by ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy was high, partial resection of the stomach was performed 5 years after the distal pancreatectomy. Pathological diagnosis was gastric metastasis of pancreatic cancer. The patient has been alive without recurrence for 13 months after the resection of the cystic tumor. We are not aware of any similar cases of cystic gastric metastasis from pancreatic cancer published in the English literature

A long-term survivor of hilar cholangiocarcinoma with resection of recurrent peritoneal dissemination after R0 surgery: a case report

Abstract Background Although hilar cholangiocarcinoma (HCCA) has a very poor prognosis, there are cases in which long-term survival is rarely obtained by multidisciplinary treatment. Case presentation A 61-year-old man diagnosed with HCCA was referred to our hospital. We performed an extended left hemi-hepatectomy and caudate lobectomy with extrahepatic bile duct resection. The tumor stage was T2aN0M0, stage II, based on the TNM classification, seventh edition. R0 resection was successfully performed. Adjuvant chemotherapy was not administered. After 38 months, computed tomography revealed peritoneal dissemination. The patient received chemotherapy with tegafur-gimeracil-oteracil-potassium (S-1) and gemcitabine. The peritoneal dissemination was successfully controlled for more than 50 months. During the treatment, levels of CEA and CA19-9 kept rising slowly, which was followed by bowel obstruction due to peritoneal dissemination of HCCA. The patient underwent resection of transverse colon with tumor nodules, and the tumor was pathologically diagnosed as metastasis of HCCA. Tumor markers decreased to normal levels, and the patient has been free from tumor relapse for 6 months. Conclusions We here report a rare case of HCCA patient with recurrent peritoneal dissemination 3 years after R0 surgery which was sensitive to chemotherapy. The patient successfully received resection of peritoneal dissemination 50 months after the induction of chemotherapy and survived for 10 years