Reductions of Multicomponent mKdV Equations on Symmetric Spaces of DIII-Type

New reductions for the multicomponent modified Korteveg-de Vries (MMKdV) equations on the symmetric spaces of {\bf DIII}-type are derived using the approach based on the reduction group introduced by A.V. Mikhailov. The relevant inverse scattering problem is studied and reduced to a Riemann-Hilbert problem. The minimal sets of scattering data $\mathcal{T}_i$, $i=1,2$ which allow one to reconstruct uniquely both the scattering matrix and the potential of the Lax operator are defined. The effect of the new reductions on the hierarchy of Hamiltonian structures of MMKdV and on $\mathcal{T}_i$ are studied. We illustrate our results by the MMKdV equations related to the algebra $\mathfrak{g}\simeq so(8)$ and derive several new MMKdV-type equations using group of reductions isomorphic to ${\mathbb Z}_{2}$, ${\mathbb Z}_{3}$, ${\mathbb Z}_{4}$.Comment: This is a contribution to the Proc. of the Seventh International Conference ''Symmetry in Nonlinear Mathematical Physics'' (June 24-30, 2007, Kyiv, Ukraine), published in SIGMA (Symmetry, Integrability and Geometry: Methods and Applications) at http://www.emis.de/journals/SIGMA

On N-wave type systems and their gauge equivalent

The class of nonlinear evolution equations - gauge equivalent to the N-wave equations related to the simple Lie algebra g are derived and analyzed. They are written in terms of the functions S(x,t) satisfying r= rank g nonlinear constraints. The corresponding Lax pairs and the time evolution of the scattering data are found. The Zakharov-Shabat dressing method is appropriately modified to construct their soliton solutions.Comment: 5 pages, LaTeX 2e, revised versio

Exact Solutions for Equations of Bose-Fermi Mixtures in One-Dimensional Optical Lattice

We present two new families of stationary solutions for equations of Bose-Fermi mixtures with an elliptic function potential with modulus $k$. We also discuss particular cases when the quasiperiodic solutions become periodic ones. In the limit of a sinusoidal potential ($k\to 0$) our solutions model a quasi-one dimensional quantum degenerate Bose-Fermi mixture trapped in optical lattice. In the limit $k\to 1$ the solutions are expressed by hyperbolic function solutions (vector solitons). Thus we are able to obtain in an unified way quasi-periodic and periodic waves, and solitons. The precise conditions for existence of every class of solutions are derived. There are indications that such waves and localized objects may be observed in experiments with cold quantum degenerate gases.Comment: Published in SIGMA (Symmetry, Integrability and Geometry: Methods and Applications) at http://www.emis.de/journals/SIGMA

Sleeve gastrectomy and active intestinal bypass in patients with severe obesity

INTRODUCTION: Bariatric surgery is the most effective treatment modality for severe obesity in adults and children. Numerous recent investigations by foreign authors have convincingly proven the successful and safe implementation of a variety of bariatric and metabolic surgical methods for definite and stable weight reduction.AIM: The aim of the present article is to concisely review the most recent publications in the field of bariatric surgery in patients with morbid obesity and to share our initial experience by three case reports.MATERIALS AND METHODS: We briefly report three patients with severe obesity, two women and one man, who were operated on by sleeve gastrectomy and active intestinal bypass in the Clinic of Surgery at the Naval Hospital in Varna, part of the Military Medical Academy, in the 2020–2022 period. They were followed up until 2024.RESULTS: This surgical intervention resulted in a remarkable weight loss and a body mass index reduction. The male patient’s weight decreased from 220 kg down to 82 kg. The female patients’ weight reduction was from 198 kg down to 83 kg and from 127 kg down to 76 kg, respectively.CONCLUSION: There is accumulated evidence on the sufficient safety and significant effectiveness of the bariatric surgery in selected patients with severe obesity. A broader implementation of this modern method in the clinical practice in Bulgaria should be recommended

Computational Wind-Turbine Analysis with the ALE-VMS and ST-VMS Methods

We provide an overview of the aerodynamic and FSI analysis of wind turbines the first three authors’ teams carried out in recent years with the ALE-VMS and ST-VMS methods. The ALE-VMS method is the variational multiscale version of the Arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian (ALE) method. The VMS components are from the residual-based VMS (RBVMS) method. The ST-VMS method is the VMS version of the Deforming-Spatial-Domain/Stabilized Space–Time (DSD/SST) method. The techniques complementing these core methods include weak enforcement of the essential boundary conditions, NURBS-based isogeometric analysis, using NURBS basis functions in temporal representation of the rotor motion, mesh motion and also in remeshing, rotation representation with constant angular velocity, Kirchhoff–Love shell modeling of the rotor-blade structure, and full FSI coupling. The analysis cases include the aerodynamics of wind-turbine rotor and tower and the FSI that accounts for the deformation of the rotor blades. The specific wind turbines considered are NREL 5MW, NREL Phase VI and Micon 65/13M, all at full scale, and our analysis for NREL Phase VI and Micon 65/13M includes comparison with the experimental data

Prognostic significance of Epidermal Growth factor receptor in colon cancer patients on surgical treatment

Recently, pathological expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is increasingly used in the diagnosis of various epidermal tumours. The aim of this study is to analyze the role of EGFR in comparison to p53 as a prognostic marker in patients with colon cancer who undergo surgical treatment.Two types of immunohistochemical examinations (for EGFR and p53) have been performed in 120 patients with colon cancer histologically verified by using of hematoxylin-eosin staining.Our results clearly demonstrate that EGFR expression is present in 18 patients (in 15% of the cases). It occurs much more often in the patient with TNM stage II and especially in those with TNM stage III and relatively more frequently in the patients aged between 51 and 70 years and presenting with a moderately differentiated tumour. Besides, this expression immediately relates to a recurrence of the disease and worsened clinical course. There exists a correlation between the enhanced expression of EGFR and that of p53. Because of the small sample, our results are not statistically significant.EGFR can serve as an independent prognostic factor and indicator of more common recurrences of the disease, worse quality of life and poorer prognosis in colon cancer patients. Further intensive collaboration between coloproctologists and pathologists is needed to improve the individualized surgical behaviour in such patients

Intracoronary Electrocardiography-guided Strategy for the Treatment of Coronary Bifurcation Lesions

Introduction: Revascularization of bifurcation lesions remains an interventional challenge. Intracoronary electrocardiograms can predict the functional significance of side branch stenosis after bifurcation stenting. Aim: This study was aimed at evaluating the effects of an intracoronary ECG electrocardiography (icECG)-guided revascularization strategy, compared with the currently accepted standard of care, on the clinical outcomes of patients after coronary bifurcation stenting. Methods: Patients with coronary bifurcation lesions who underwent percutaneous revascularization were enrolled in a prospective all-comers’ registry. Clinical outcomes were compared between patients who underwent icECG-guided revascularization versus the current standard of care (SOC), provisional stenting. Results: A total of 768 patients were included in the analysis: 349 were treated with an icECG-guided strategy, and 419 received SOC. The overall all-cause death rate was 23.2%, and the cardiovascular death rate was 15.9%. Patients with icECG guidance had significantly lower all-cause mortality (20.3% vs. 25.5% for icECG vs. SOC, log-rank P = 0.006) and cardiovascular mortality (12.6% vs. 18.6% for icECG vs. SOC, log-rank P = 0.004). The decrease in mortality was most pronounced in patients with no increase or a moderate increase in troponin post-PCI, or with higher-than-normal baseline troponin concentrations. Conclusion: An icECG-guided strategy for coronary bifurcation PCI led to lower patient mortality than the provisional stenting strategy

Quantum folded string and integrability: from finite size effects to Konishi dimension

Using the algebraic curve approach we one-loop quantize the folded string solution for the type IIB superstring in AdS(5)xS(5). We obtain an explicit result valid for arbitrary values of its Lorentz spin S and R-charge J in terms of integrals of elliptic functions. Then we consider the limit S ~ J ~ 1 and derive the leading three coefficients of strong coupling expansion of short operators. Notably, our result evaluated for the anomalous dimension of the Konishi state gives 2\lambda^{1/4}-4+2/\lambda^{1/4}. This reproduces correctly the values predicted numerically in arXiv:0906.4240. Furthermore we compare our result using some new numerical data from the Y-system for another similar state. We also revisited some of the large S computations using our methods. In particular, we derive finite--size corrections to the anomalous dimension of operators with small J in this limit.Comment: 20 pages, 1 figure; v2: references added, typos corrected; v3: major improvement of the references; v4: Discussion of short operators is restricted to the case n=1. This restriction does not affect the main results of the pape

European Society of Cardiology: Cardiovascular Disease Statistics 2019

Aims The 2019 report from the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Atlas provides a contemporary analysis of cardiovascular disease (CVD) statistics across 56 member countries, with particular emphasis on international inequalities in disease burden and healthcare delivery together with estimates of progress towards meeting 2025 World Health Organization (WHO) non-communicable disease targets. Methods and results In this report, contemporary CVD statistics are presented for member countries of the ESC. The statistics are drawn from the ESC Atlas which is a repository of CVD data from a variety of sources including the WHO, the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, and the World Bank. The Atlas also includes novel ESC sponsored data on human and capital infrastructure and cardiovascular healthcare delivery obtained by annual survey of the national societies of ESC member countries. Across ESC member countries, the prevalence of obesity (body mass index ≥30 kg/m2) and diabetes has increased two- to three-fold during the last 30 years making the WHO 2025 target to halt rises in these risk factors unlikely to be achieved. More encouraging have been variable declines in hypertension, smoking, and alcohol consumption but on current trends only the reduction in smoking from 28% to 21% during the last 20 years appears sufficient for the WHO target to be achieved. The median age-standardized prevalence of major risk factors was higher in middle-income compared with high-income ESC member countries for hypertension {23.8% [interquartile range (IQR) 22.5–23.1%] vs. 15.7% (IQR 14.5–21.1%)}, diabetes [7.7% (IQR 7.1–10.1%) vs. 5.6% (IQR 4.8–7.0%)], and among males smoking [43.8% (IQR 37.4–48.0%) vs. 26.0% (IQR 20.9–31.7%)] although among females smoking was less common in middle-income countries [8.7% (IQR 3.0–10.8) vs. 16.7% (IQR 13.9–19.7%)]. There were associated inequalities in disease burden with disability-adjusted life years per 100 000 people due to CVD over three times as high in middle-income [7160 (IQR 5655–8115)] compared with high-income [2235 (IQR 1896–3602)] countries. Cardiovascular disease mortality was also higher in middle-income countries where it accounted for a greater proportion of potential years of life lost compared with high-income countries in both females (43% vs. 28%) and males (39% vs. 28%). Despite the inequalities in disease burden across ESC member countries, survey data from the National Cardiac Societies of the ESC showed that middle-income member countries remain severely under-resourced compared with high-income countries in terms of cardiological person-power and technological infrastructure. Under-resourcing in middle-income countries is associated with a severe procedural deficit compared with high-income countries in terms of coronary intervention, device implantation and cardiac surgical procedures. Conclusion A seemingly inexorable rise in the prevalence of obesity and diabetes currently provides the greatest challenge to achieving further reductions in CVD burden across ESC member countries. Additional challenges are provided by inequalities in disease burden that now require intensification of policy initiatives in order to reduce population risk and prioritize cardiovascular healthcare delivery, particularly in the middle-income countries of the ESC where need is greatest