Neutrino transition magnetic moments within the non-standard neutrino-nucleus interactions

Tensorial non-standard neutrino interactions are studied through a combined analysis of nuclear structure calculations and a sensitivity $\chi^2$-type of neutrino events expected to be measured at the COHERENT experiment, recently planned to operate at the Spallation Neutron Source (Oak Ridge). Potential sizeable predictions on transition neutrino magnetic moments and other electromagnetic parameters, such as neutrino milli-charges, are also addressed. The non-standard neutrino-nucleus processes, explored from nuclear physics perspectives within the context of quasi-particle random phase approximation, are exploited in order to estimate the expected number of events originating from vector and tensor exotic interactions for the case of reactor neutrinos, studied with TEXONO and GEMMA neutrino detectors.Comment: 7 pages, 6 Figures, 2 Tables, Accepted for publication to Physics Letters

Nuclear aspects of neutral current non-standard ν\nu-nucleus reactions and the role of the exotic μ−→e−\mu^-\to e^{-} transitions experimental limits

The nuclear aspects of flavour changing neutral current (FCNC) processes, predicted by various new-physics models to occur in the presence of nuclei, are examined by computing the relevant nuclear matrix elements within the context of the quasi-particle RPA using realistic strong two-body forces. One of our aims is to explore the role of the non-standard interactions (NSI) in the leptonic sector and specifically: (i) in lepton flavour violating (LFV) processes involving the neutral particles $\nu_\ell$ and $\tilde{\nu}_\ell$, $\ell = e,\mu,\tau$ and (ii) in charged lepton flavour violating (cLFV) processes involving the charged leptons $\ell^-$ or $\ell^+$. As concrete nuclear systems we have chosen the stopping targets of $\mu^-\rightarrow e^-$ conversion experiments, i.e. the $^{48}\mathrm{Ti}$ nucleus of the PRIME/PRISM experiment at J-PARC and the $^{27}\mathrm{Al}$ of the COMET at J-PARC as well as of the Mu2e at Fermilab. These experiments have been designed to reduce the single event sensitivity down to $10^{-16}$--$10^{-18}$ in searching for charged lepton mixing events. Our goal is, by taking advantage of our detailed nuclear structure calculations and using the present limits or the sensitivity of the aforementioned exotic $\mu^- \rightarrow e^-$ experiments, to put stringent constraints on the parameters of NSI Lagrangians.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures, 3 Tables, Physics Letters B accepte

Peranan Hukum sebagai Alat untuk Merubah Masyarakat dalam Kehidupan Sehari-hari

Penulisan makalah ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peranan hukum sebagai alat untuk merubah masyarakat dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Penulisan makalah ini menggunakan metode tinjauan literatur (library research). Dari pembahasan dapat disimpulkan bahwa eksistensi hukum dapat menjadi hukum dapat menjadi alat untuk menata, mempengaruhi dan memperbaharui kehidupan masyarakat. Pola pikir dan perilaku masyarakat dapat diarahkan secara terbimbing ke arah yang lurus dan konstruktif jika hukum dapat diberdayakan sebagai kekuatan strategis untuk mempengaruhinya

Constraining nuclear physics parameters with current and future COHERENT data

Motivated by the recent observation of coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CE$\nu$NS) at the COHERENT experiment, our goal is to explore its potential in probing important nuclear structure parameters. We show that the recent COHERENT data offers unique opportunities to investigate the neutron nuclear form factor. Our present calculations are based on the deformed Shell Model (DSM) method which leads to a better fit of the recent CE$\nu$NS data, as compared to known phenomenological form factors such as the Helm-type, symmetrized Fermi and Klein-Nystrand. The attainable sensitivities and the prospects of improvement during the next phase of the COHERENT experiment are also considered and analyzed in the framework of two upgrade scenarios.Comment: 13 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables; v2: minor corrections, version to appear in PL

Nitrogen Balance in a Poorly Draining Intensively Cultivated Soil

The increasing use of nitrogen in fertilizers has not only increased the productivity of agricultural crops but also the concern for the effects of high N inputs on the natural environment. Economic, agronomic and environmental concerns have led to greater efforts towards more effective utilization of nitrogenous fertilizers, which can be achieved through a better quantitative understanding of the fate of nitrogen when applied to the soil. So Nitrogen balance was investigated in a poorly draining intensively cultivated soil. Nitrogen inputs and outputs, such as additions by precipitation (Natm), irrigation water (Nirr), commercial fertilizers (Nfert), mineralization (Nmin), denitrification (Ndenitr), volatilization (Ngas), capillary rise (Ncap), uptake (Nupt), residual (Nres) and leaching (Nleac) were studied and quantified during a period of 72 weeks for two growing crops (maize and wheat). Nitrogen excess or deficit at time ‘t’ (Nt) was calculated from the following balance equation: Nt = Nres + Natm + Nirr + Nmin + Nfert + Ncap − Nupt − Ndenitr – Ngas − Nleac. Existing models were used after proper adjustments to calculate these fluxes. Only a single model, based on soil temperature at 60 cm and NO3--N concentration in ground water was developed for the estimation of denitrification at the ground water boundary. The calculated values satisfactorily matched the respective experimental data. The results shown that the greater part of the applied nitrogen fertilizer was lost to ground water during the winter causing considerable environmental concern. For sustainable land use, inputs and outputs of nutrients must be balanced in order to avoid negative impacts on the environment, especially in intensively exploited agricultural ecosystems

Lepton Flavor Violation: Constraints from exotic muon to electron conversion

The exotic neutrinoless $\mu^- - e^-$ nuclear conversion is studied within the conventional extensions of the standard model as well as in the minimal supersymmetric (SUSY) models with and without R-parity conservation. The dependence of the $\mu^- - e^-$ conversion rates on the nucleon and nuclear structure is consistently taken into account. Using our calculated transition matrix elements and the available experimental data on the branching ratio $R_{\mu e^-}$ for $^{48}$Ti and $^{208}$Pb as well as the expected experimental sensitivity for $^{27}$Al employed as a target in the planned at Brookhaven $\mu^--e^-$ conversion (MECO) experiment, we extract very severe constraints for the flavor violation parameters. We especially emphasize on the constraints resulting for SUSY R-parity violating parameters.Comment: 14 pages, 2 figures. Based on the Invited talk given by T.S. Kosmas at the International Conference on Non-Accelerator New Physics(NANP'99), Dubna, Russia, 199

Geologic environments for nuclear waste repositories

© The Authors, published by EDP Sciences, 2017. High-level radioactive waste (HLW) results from spent reactor fuel and reprocessed nuclear material. Since 1957 the scientific consensus is that deep geologic disposal constitutes the safest means for isolating HLW for long timescales. Nuclear power is becoming significant for the Arab Gulf countries as a way to diversify energy sources and drive economic developments. Hence, it is of interest to the UAE to examine the geologic environments currently considered internationally to guide site selection. Sweden and Finland are proceeding with deep underground repositories mined in bedrock at depths of 500m, and 400m, respectively. Equally, Canada\u27s proposals are deep burial in the plutonic rock masses of the Canadian Shield. Denmark and Switzerland are considering disposal of their relative small quantities of HLW into crystalline basement rocks through boreholes at depths of 5,000m. In USA, the potential repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada lies at a depth of 300m in unsaturated layers of welded volcanic tuffs. Disposal of low and intermediate-level radioactive wastes, as well as the German HLW repository favour structurally-sound layered salt stata and domes. Our article provides a comprehensive review of the current concepts regarding HLW disposal together with some preliminary analysis of potentially appropriate geologic environments in the UAE

Cold Dark Matter in SUSY Theories. The Role of Nuclear Form Factors and the Folding with the LSP Velocity

The momentum transfer dependence of the total cross section for elastic scattering of cold dark matter candidates, i.e. lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP), with nuclei is examined. The presented calculations of the event rates refer to a number of representative nuclear targets throughout the periodic table and have been obtained in a relatively wide phenomenologically allowed SUSY parameter space. For the coherent cross sections it is shown that, since the momentum transfer can be quite big for large mass of the LSP and heavy nuclei even though the energy transfer is small ($\le 100 KeV$), the total cross section can in such instances be reduced by a factor of about five. For the spin induced cross section of odd-A nuclear targets, as is the case of $^{207}Pb$ studied in this work, we found that the reduction is less pronounced, since the high multipoles tend to enhance the cross section as the momentum transfer increases (for LSP $mass < 200 GeV$) and partially cancell the momentum retardation. The effect of the Earth's revolution around the sun on these event rates is also studied by folding with a Maxwellian LSP-velocity distribution which is consistent with its density in the halos. We thus found that the convoluted event rates do not appreciably change compared to those obtained with an average velocity. The event rates increase with A and, in the SUSY parameter space considered, they can reach values up to 140 $y^{-1}Kg^{-1}$ for Pb. The modulation effect, however, was found to be small (less than $\pm 5$).Comment: 23 LATEX pages, 4 Tables, 3 PostScript Figures included. Phys. Rev. D, to be publishe